Kinetics of Iron Nitride Layer Growth during the Nitriding of AISI 1085 Non-Alloy Steel and AISI 52100 Alloy Steel.

This paper presents a comparison of two-component ammonia-based inlet atmospheres diluted with either hydrogen (NH/H) or nitrogen (NH/N). Taking advantage of the features of inlet atmospheres diluted with nitrogen and hydrogen, four two-stage processes were designed and carried out, which were juxtaposed with two single-stage processes carried out only in an NH atmosphere. A common parameter of the processes carried out was the same value of nitrogen availability in each process stage.

An Integrated Approach for Synonymization of with . (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) Reveals High Intraspecific Mitogenomic Variation.

is a widely distributed, economically important plant-parasitic nematode group whose species-level identification relies largely on limited morphological characters, including character-based tabular keys and molecular data of ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. In this study, a combined morphological and molecular analysis of three populations of from Belgium, Poland, and the Netherlands revealed important character variations of this species, leading to synonymization of with and a high nucleotide variation within gene sequences in these populations. Additional Illumina sequencing of DNA from individuals of the Dutch population revealed two variants of mitogenomes, each approximately 23 Kb in size, differing by approximately 9% and containing 11 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and as many as 29 transfer RNA genes.