The translation into Polish, cultural adaptation, and initial validation of the Action Research Arm Test in subacute stroke patients.

Background: In Poland, there are limited validated outcome measures to evaluate upper extremity function in stroke patients for clinical and research use. The Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) aims to assess functional performance of the upper extremities.

Objectives: To translate and culturally adapt the original version of ARAT into Polish, and to determine its reliability and validity.

Polish Cultural Adaptation and Reliability of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Performance and Sensory Assessment Scale in Stroke Patients.

: The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Performance and Sensory Assessment Scale (FMA) is the most commonly used and recommended outcome measure for the sensorimotor impairment of the upper and lower limbs in stroke patients. The aim of this study was to perform cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the scale into Polish and to evaluate the FMA's reliability of motor performance and sensation of the upper and lower limb sections among ischemic stroke patients. : The Polish version of the FMA (FMA-PL) was developed using a forward-backward translation performed by a group of experts and then evaluated by a panel of judges according to international guidelines.

Assessment of myofascial stiffness of flexor digitorum superficialis muscles in rock climbers.

Purpose: Myofascial stiffness is the biomechanical property that can be considered as a modifiable risk factor injury of athletes. Moreover, the level of muscle stiffness can be crucial to assessment muscle adaptation to exercise. However, stiffness of flexor muscles in rock climbers has never been investigated.

Sexual dimorphism of lumbar lordosis and lumbar spine mobility during the period of progressive development.

: The objective of this paper is to present possible differences in spondylometric dimorphic characteristics of lumbar spine in the period of progressive development. : The research material included 24,517 individuals of both sexes aged from 3 to 25. Individuals that showed abnormal structure of the motor system and individuals reporting pain in the joints of the spine were excluded.

Relationship between age, BMI, head posture and superficial neck muscle stiffness and elasticity in adult women.

This study determined relationships between age, BMI and cranio-vertebral angle (CVA) (independent variables) and stiffness and elasticity of sternocleidomasteoid [SCM] and upper trapezius [UT] (dependent variables) muscles in sitting posture in 95 women across adult life. Moreover, a stepwise regression was performed to determine to what extent the dependent variables are explained by age, BMI and CVA. Age was moderately correlated with BMI (r = 0.

Influence of Forward Head Posture on Myotonometric Measurements of Superficial Neck Muscle Tone, Elasticity, and Stiffness in Asymptomatic Individuals With Sedentary Jobs.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the influence of forward head posture on the mechanical parameters and pressure pain threshold of superficial neck muscles in clinically nonsymptomatic individuals with sedentary jobs.

Methods: Twenty-five office workers with forward head posture and 25 office workers with normal head posture were matched for sex, age, body mass index, and the nature and duration of their work and were compared at a single point. The study participants were divided into study groups on the basis of photometric craniovertebral angle measurements.

Effects of aging on mechanical properties of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles during transition from lying to sitting position-A cross-sectional study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of aging on the viscoelastic properties of the upper trapezius (UT) and the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle during transition from lying to sitting position.

Materials And Methods: The study included 39 older (mean age 67±5.9years) and 36 younger (21.

Effects of sensorimotor foot training on the symmetry of weight distribution on the lower extremities of patients in the chronic phase after stroke.

[Purpose] To assess the effects of sensorimotor foot stimulation on the symmetry of weight distribution on the feet of patients in the chronic post-stroke phase. [Subjects and Methods] This study was a prospective, single blind, randomized controlled trial. In the study we examined patients with chronic stroke (post-stroke duration > 1 year).