Chronic rhinosinusitis in children--bacteriological analysis in terms of cytological examination.

Introduction: The mechanisms of inflammatory response occurring in chronic rhinosinusitis in children are multifactorial. Besides the history and a physical examination, amongst diagnostic tools there are cytological and bacteriological examinations.

Objectives: 1 Determining the nature of the bacterial flora present in the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses in children with chronic rhinosinusitis amongst patients of The Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology,Warsaw Medical University.

Endoscopic laterofixation in bilateral vocal cords paralysis in children.

Introduction: Vocal cords paralysis is the second most frequent cause of laryngeal stridor in children. Symptoms of congenital vocal cords paralysis can occur shortly after birth or later. Vocal cords paralysis can be unilateral or bilateral.

Difficulties in diagnosis of laryngeal cysts in children.

Introduction: In larynx cysts may be localized in different regions: glottis, laryngeal pouch, epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and subglottic area. It is difficult to estimate if the cyst is acquired or congenital. Symptoms of laryngeal cyst depend on the size and localization of the cyst and include: change in the tone of voice, dysphonia, hoarseness, dysphagia, laryngeal stridor and dyspnoea.

Perioperative problems and treatment of a teenager with a juvenile angiofibroma refusing blood transfusion.

Objectives: Juvenile angiofibroma is a benign, non-encapsulated neoplasm, consisting of vascular and connective tissue. Its main feature is a local malignancy. In its clinical course it destroys adjoining structures, without metastasizing.

[Tumours of the bony face in children the treated at the Paediatric ENT Clinic in Warsaw].

Introduction: The tumours of bony face at in children are rare. Among the most commonly found are inflammatory tumours and development anomalies. In histopathology, the most frequent fund are neuroma, fibromas, osteoma, lipomas.