Relative expression and prognostic significance of forkhead box P3 in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Despite the favorable survival rates of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a significant number of patients present a dismal prognosis. Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), a marker of regulatory T cells, functions as a transcription factor involved in immune cell regulation, and its expression correlates with prognosis in many malignancies. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relative gene expression level of FOXP3 in childhood B-ALL and to detect its prognostic utility.

Expression profiling of some Acute Myeloid Leukemia - associated markers to assess their diagnostic / prognostic potential.

Investigating the etiological causes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at the molecular level should help in identifying targets and strategies that would increase the efficacy of the current management regimens. Some genes may act as molecular diagnostics, of these ASXL1 and PHF6 are involved in regulation of gene expression, and BAX , and ARC, are pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules, respectively. In this study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 54 recently diagnosed AML patients in addition to 20 healthy individuals (the control group).

PIK3CA mutations in HER2-positive Breast Cancer Patients; Frequency and Clinicopathological Perspective in Egyptian Patients.

Missense mutations in PIK3CA are common in breast cancers. They mostly involve exons 9 and 20 which encode kinase and helical domains of the protein and may result in its activation. PIK3CA activating mutations were previously shown to predict lower pathologic complete response (pCR) in HER2-positive breast cancer cases undergoing neoadjuvant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeting therapy.

FLT3 Internal Tandem Duplication Mutation, cMPL and CD34 Expressions Predict Low Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.

Objectives: To detect FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 internal tandem duplicate (FLT3 ITD) mutation, Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (cMPL) and Ephrin A 4 receptor (EphA4) expressions in Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their correlation to patient's clinicopathological characteristics and survival.

Methods: RNA was extracted from blood samples of 58 AML patients (39 adults and 19 children) and 20 age and sex matched controls. FLT3 ITD mutation, cMPL and EphA4 expression was studied using RT-PCR and correlated to the clinical and survival data of the patients.

Expression profiling of cancer-related galectins in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of leukemia in adults with the lowest survival rate of all the leukemias. It is a heterogeneous disease in which a variety of cytogenetic and molecular alterations have been identified. Some galectins were previously reported to have important roles in cancer-like neoplastic transformation, tumor cell survival, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis.

Prevalence of anti human herpes virus-6 IgG and its receptor in acute leukemia (membrane cofactor protein: MCP, CD46).

Background: CD46 is a membrane cofactor protein, which acts as a cofactor for factor I proteolytic cleavage of C3, so it protects the cells expressing it on their surface from autologous complement attack. It has been recently described as a receptor for HHV-6. Also, it has been shown to be highly expressed on malignant cells as compared to normal cells, thus playing a major role by which these cells, either cells of haematological malignancy or cells of other body cancers, can protect themselves against complement attack so they can survive and metastasize.