Bone and Joint Infections in Children With Sickle Cell Disease in French Guiana: A 13-Year Retrospective Multicenter Review.

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder with a high infectious morbidity and mortality and a heterogeneous distribution in France. One of the challenges is to differentiate a bone and joint infection (BJI) from a vaso-occlusive crisis. This challenge is particularly prevalent in French Guiana, an overseas territory with the highest incidence of SCD in France.

Diagnosis and treatment of bacterial peritonitis in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: an observational multicenter study.

Background: Bacterial peritonitis (BP) in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has been poorly described, and its prevalence is unknown.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate in patients with both GI cancer and ascites the prevalence of BP, associated features, mechanisms, prognosis, and the diagnostic performance of neutrophil count in ascites.

Design: A retrospective, multicenter, observational study.

Appropriate use of morphological imaging for assessing treatment response and disease progression of neuroendocrine tumors.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are relatively rare neoplasms displaying heterogeneous clinical behavior, ranging from indolent to aggressive forms. Patients diagnosed with NETs usually receive a varied array of treatments, including somatostatin analogs, locoregional treatments (ablation, intra-arterial therapy), cytotoxic chemotherapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), and targeted therapies. To maximize therapeutic efficacy while limiting toxicity (both physical and economic), there is a need for accurate and reliable tools to monitor disease evolution and progression and to assess the effectiveness of these treatments.

Pulmonary Histoplasmosis in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in French Guiana: Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Imaging and Prognostic.

Background: Histoplasmosis is mainly described as a disseminated disease in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Compared to historical descriptions in immunocompetent individuals, knowledge is lacking on the detailed clinical and radiological findings and outcomes of pulmonary histoplasmosis (PH). Overlooked or misdiagnosed with other AIDS-defining condition, prognostic of PLHIV may be at risk because of inappropriate care.

Diagnostic and Management of Emphysematous Hepatitis with Emphasis on Biopathology.

Emphysematous hepatitis is a rare infectious disease, which corresponds to the presence of gas in the liver, without collection and after exclusion of vascular origin. This entity belongs to the group of emphysematous infections, whose physiopathology seems to be linked to the presence of unbalanced diabetes and to bacterial fermentation, leading to the production of gas within the liver parenchyma. Very few cases of emphysematous hepatitis have been described in the literature, and most of them had a rapidly fatal course.

Insights into acute mesenteric ischaemia: an up-to-date, evidence-based review from a mesenteric stroke centre unit.

Radiologists play a central role in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of patients with acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI). Unfortunately, more than half of AMI patients undergo imaging with no prior suspicion of AMI, making identifying this disease even more difficult. A confirmed diagnosis of AMI is ideally made with dynamic contrast-enhanced CT but the diagnosis may be made on portal-venous phase images in appropriate clinical settings.

[Overview of infectious and non-infectious diseases in French Guiana in 2022].

Source of many myths, French Guiana represents an exceptional territory due to the richness of its biodiversity and the variety of its communities. The only European territory in Amazonia, surrounded by the Brazilian giant and the little-known Suriname, Ariane 6 rockets are launched from Kourou while 50% of the population lives below the poverty line. This paradoxical situation is a source of health problems specific to this territory, whether they be infectious diseases with unknown germs, intoxications or chronic pathologies.

The burden of COVID-19 in French Guiana: Vaccine-averted deaths, hospitalizations and costs.

Objectives: French Guiana, the least-vaccinated French territory, also has the lowest COVID-19 vaccination coverage in Latin America. We aimed to estimate how many deaths, hospitalizations and costs the vaccines had and could have avoided.

Methods: We calculated the Number Needed to Vaccinate to prevent one death per year, 1 standard hospitalization, 1 Intensive Care Unit admission given the mean incidence numbers of the past 6 months, and divided the number of persons vaccinated to estimate how many deaths and hospitalizations had been avoided in French Guiana at that time.

Development of a New Index to Assess Small Bowel Inflammation Severity in Crohn's Disease Using Magnetic Resonance Enterography.

Background: The severity of small bowel (SB) inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients is a key component of the therapeutic choice. We aimed to develop a SB-CD Magnetic Resonance Enterography (MRE) index of Inflammation Severity (CDMRIS).

Methods: Each gastroenterologist/radiologist pair in 13 centers selected MREs from 6 patients with SB-CD stratified on their perceived MRE inflammation severity.

A Preclinical Validation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease.

Fistulizing anoperineal lesions are severe complications of Crohn's disease (CD) that affect quality of life with a long-term risk of anal sphincter destruction, incontinence, permanent stoma, and anal cancer. Despite several surgical procedures, they relapse in about two-thirds of patients, mandating innovative treatments. Ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO) have been described to achieve in vivo rapid healing of deep wounds in the skin and liver of rats thanks to their nanobridging capability that could be adapted to fistula treatment.

Magnetic Resonance Enterography and Histology in Patients With Fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is useful for detecting bowel strictures, whereas a number of imaging biomarkers may reflect severity of fibrosis burden in Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to verify the association of MRE metrics with histologic fibrosis independent of inflammation.

Methods: This prospective European multicenter study performed MRE imaging on 60 patients with CD with bowel strictures before surgical resection.

Imaging as predictor of clinical response to teduglutide in adult patients with short bowel syndrome with chronic intestinal failure.

Background: Teduglutide (TED) is a glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue approved in patients with short bowel syndrome with chronic intestinal failure. Bowel epithelial hyperplasia has been reported after TED treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe small bowel modifications at imaging in patients with SBS-CIF receiving TED and to assess their predictive value for clinical response.

Infliximab Exposure Associates With Radiologic Evidence of Healing in Patients With Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: Higher infliximab trough levels are associated with clinical and endoscopic remission in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated pharmacodynamic features of infliximab and radiological healing.

Methods: We performed a substudy of the TAILORIX trial (patients with active luminal CD in Europe, treated with infliximab), analyzing baseline and week 54 magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) data.

Preclinical Model of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease.

Background: Fistulizing anoperineal lesions (FAPLs) are common and severe complications of Crohn's disease (CD), exposing patients to the risk of anal sphincter alteration and permanent stoma. Due to the limited efficacy of current treatments, identifying new local therapies is mandatory. However, testing new treatments is currently limited because no relevant preclinical model of Crohn's-like FAPL is available.

Lipiodol retention pattern after TACE for HCC is a predictor for local progression in lesions with complete response.

Background: To evaluate the predictive value of the lipiodol retention pattern for local progression of HCC with a complete response (CR) on CT according to mRECIST criteria after a first session of conventional chemoembolization (cTACE).

Methods: From January 2014 to May 2016 all consecutive patients undergoing a first cTACE session for HCC were identified. Inclusion criteria were the presence of ≤3 HCCs and available pre- and post-cTACE CT.

Is magnetic resonance imaging useful for the management of patients with rectal villous adenoma? A study of 45 consecutive patients treated by transanal endoscopic microsurgery.

Purpose: Very few data are available about the clinical relevance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in preoperative evaluation of rectal villous adenoma. The aim is to evaluate the impact of MR imaging for the surgical management of rectal villous adenoma treated by transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM).

Methods: All patients with histologically proven rectal villous tumours operated by TEM who had a preoperative MR imaging between 2009 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Clinical and Biomarker Evaluations of Sunitinib in Patients with Grade 3 Digestive Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Background/aims: Angiogenesis is extensively developed in well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNET) where sunitinib was shown to prolong progression-free survival, leading to nationwide approval. However, clinical experience in patients with grade 3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEPNEN-G3) remains limited. This prospective phase II trial evaluated potential predictive biomarkers of sunitinib activity in patients with advanced GEPNEN-G3.

Quantitative MRI in murine radiation-induced rectocolitis: comparison with histopathological inflammation score.

Murine radiation-induced rectocolitis is considered to be a relevant animal model of gastrointestinal inflammation. The purpose of our study was to compare quantitative MRI and histopathological features in this gastrointestinal inflammation model. Radiation rectocolitis was induced by localized single-dose radiation (27 Gy) in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Anastomotic leakage after side-to-end anastomosis for rectal cancer: does leakage location matter?

Aim: To assess outcome according to location of anastomotic leakage (AL) after side-to-end stapler or manual low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis following laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer.

Methods: All patients presenting with symptomatic or asymptomatic AL after TME and side-to-end low anastomosis for rectal cancer performed from 2005 to 2014 were identified from our prospective database. CT-scans with contrast enema were reviewed to assess location of AL origin.

Liver transarterial embolizations in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.

The management of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and non-resectable liver metastases is challenging. Liver-directed transarterial embolization (TAE), transarterial chemo-embolization (TACE) and selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) have a place of choice among other treatment modalities. However, their utilization relies on a low level of proof, due to the lack of prospective data, the absence of comparative studies and considerable heterogeneity between local practices.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma complicating Crohn's disease: a single-centre experience emphasizing the importance of screening for dysplasia.

Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) complicating Crohn's disease (CD) is rare and generally found incidentally on surgical specimens. We report our experience in CD-associated SBA observed this last decade in a tertiary referral centre in order to update its incidence, clinical presentation and pathological features. All SBAs diagnosed in patients who underwent surgery for CD between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively included.