Crossectional Study on the Performance of Screening Questionnaires for Prediction of Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Women.

 The clinical manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are different between genders. Though there are several screening questionnaires for OSA, their performance in females is not fully understood, as women have been historically underrepresented in research studies.  To assess the performance of screening questionnaires and their capacity to identify a moderate to severe apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in women.

Formulas to predict continuous positive airway pressure level using a home auto-adjusting device for obstructive sleep apnea treatment.

Purpose: To develop equations to predict therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) based on home-based CPAP titration, including the type of interface used.

Method: Retrospective study conducted in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who used home-based autoCPAP titration (AutoSet S10, ResMed). CPAP was obtained manually through a visual analysis of autoCPAP data (CPAP) and automatically using the 95th percentile pressure (CPAP).

Performance of the NOSE Questionnaire in Mask Selection for Home CPAP Titration.

 Many patients abandon CPAP treatment because they find the mask uncomfortable. Therefore, specialists may benefit from the predictive value of airway assessment tools.  To identify nasal ventilation failure through the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who undergo home-based auto-adjusting CPAP titration and to determine whether there is a correlation between NOSE score and the type of mask selected.

Traffic-related air pollution and dementia incidence in the Adult Changes in Thought Study.

Background: While epidemiologic evidence links higher levels of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) to decreased cognitive function, fewer studies have investigated links with traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), and none have examined ultrafine particles (UFP, ≤100 nm) and late-life dementia incidence.

Objective: To evaluate associations between TRAP exposures (UFP, black carbon [BC], and nitrogen dioxide [NO]) and late-life dementia incidence.

Methods: We ascertained dementia incidence in the Seattle-based Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) prospective cohort study (beginning in 1994) and assessed ten-year average TRAP exposures for each participant based on prediction models derived from an extensive mobile monitoring campaign.

Exposure Disparities by Income, Race and Ethnicity, and Historic Redlining Grade in the Greater Seattle Area for Ultrafine Particles and Other Air Pollutants.

Background: Growing evidence shows ultrafine particles (UFPs) are detrimental to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory health. Historically, racialized and low-income communities are exposed to higher concentrations of air pollution.

Objectives: Our aim was to conduct a descriptive analysis of present-day air pollution exposure disparities in the greater Seattle, Washington, area by income, race, ethnicity, and historical redlining grade.

[Compliance with CPAP treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apneas during the COVID-19 pandemic in two hospitals in the Federal Capital].

Introduction: CPAP therapy is the first line treatment for sleep apnea and its effectiveness depends on adherence. Face to face control and follow-up was limited due to the fact that our country was immersed in social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic as of March 2020. In order to assess whether CPAP adherence was maintained in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in two hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare it with the pre-pandemic situation on a historical control basis in the city of Buenos Aires.

Characterizing Ultrafine Particle Mobile Monitoring Data for Epidemiology.

Mobile monitoring is increasingly used to assess exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs), including ultrafine particles (UFPs). Due to the rapid spatial decrease in the concentration of UFPs and other TRAPs with distance from roadways, mobile measurements may be non-representative of residential exposures, which are commonly used for epidemiologic studies. Our goal was to develop, apply, and test one possible approach for using mobile measurements in exposure assessment for epidemiology.

Exposure assessment for air pollution epidemiology: A scoping review of emerging monitoring platforms and designs.

Background: Both exposure monitoring and exposure prediction have played key roles in assessing individual-level long-term exposure to air pollutants and their associations with human health. While there have been notable advances in exposure prediction methods, improvements in monitoring designs are also necessary, particularly given new monitoring paradigms leveraging low-cost sensors and mobile platforms.

Objectives: We aim to provide a conceptual summary of novel monitoring designs for air pollution cohort studies that leverage new paradigms and technologies, to investigate their characteristics in real-world examples, and to offer practical guidance to future studies.

[Life care of a cohort of patients with home chronic ventilatory support].

Introduction: Home mechanical ventilation in chronic respiratory failure improves quality of life and decreases hospitalizations. In order to know clinical characteristics, resource consumption and survival, we proposed an analysis of the vital trajectory during six years.

Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study.

Impact of Mobile Monitoring Network Design on Air Pollution Exposure Assessment Models.

Short-term mobile monitoring campaigns are increasingly used to assess long-term air pollution exposure in epidemiology. Little is known about how monitoring network design features, including the number of stops and sampling temporality, impacts exposure assessment models. We address this gap by leveraging an extensive mobile monitoring campaign conducted in the greater Seattle area over the course of a year during all days of the week and most hours.

Characterization of Annual Average Traffic-Related Air Pollution Concentrations in the Greater Seattle Area from a Year-Long Mobile Monitoring Campaign.

Growing evidence links traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) to adverse health effects. We designed an innovative and extensive mobile monitoring campaign to characterize TRAP exposure levels for the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study, a Seattle-based cohort. The campaign measured particle number concentration (PNC) to capture ultrafine particles (UFP), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO), fine particulate matter (PM), and carbon dioxide (CO) at 309 roadside sites within a large, 1200 land km (463 mi) area representative of the cohort.

Compliance to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea - long-term assessment.

Introduction: To assess CPAP acquirement, compliance, and dropout rates among OSA patients three years after the prescription.

Material And Methods: We assessed CPAP acquirement (Acq), compliance (Comp), and dropout (Dout) through a telephone survey. We interviewed 156 patients; ESS: 9.

Publicly available low-cost sensor measurements for PM exposure modeling: Guidance for monitor deployment and data selection.

High-resolution, high-quality exposure modeling is critical for assessing the health effects of ambient PM in epidemiological studies. Using sparse regulatory PM measurements as principal model inputs may result in two issues in exposure prediction: (1) they may affect the models' accuracy in predicting PM spatial distribution; (2) the internal validation based on these measurements may not reliably reflect the model performance at locations of interest (e.g.

Fine Particulate Matter and Dementia Incidence in the Adult Changes in Thought Study.

Background: Air pollution may be associated with elevated dementia risk. Prior research has limitations that may affect reliability, and no studies have evaluated this question in a population-based cohort of men and women in the United States.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between time-varying, 10-y average fine particulate matter () exposure and hazard of all-cause dementia.

Contribution of pulse oximetry in relation to respiratory flow events in a home-based approach aimed at diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To compare pulse oximetry with manual analysis against all signals of respiratory polygraphy.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study estimated sensitivity (S), specificity (Sp) and positive/negative likelihood ratio (LR+/-) of the oxygen desaturation index (ODI-test) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI-reference).

Results: 3854 patients (61.

[Prevalence and characteristics of obstructive sleep apneas according to severity].

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition. OSA is defined as very severe when the apneas/ hypopneas index (AHI) is greater than 60 events/hour. However, its prevalence remains uncertain.

[Sleep efficiency in level II polysomnography of hospitalized and outpatients].

Polysomnography without real-time technical supervision (sleep test level II) h as been described with adequate quality of neurological and respiratory signals. We compare the efficiency and quality of sleep in hospitalized patients and in the sleep laboratory. The study was retrospective, in a consecutive sample of systematic collection based on PSG level II.

Performance of Epworth Sleepiness Scale and tiredness symptom used with simplified diagnostic tests for the identification of sleep apnea.

Objective: To compare the performance of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and tiredness symptom with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in a population referred to home sleep tests.

Materials And Methods: This correlational study assessed adult patients through questionnaires and respiratory polygraphy (RP). We estimated sensitivity (S), specificity (Sp), predictive values (PV), odds ratio (OR) adjusted multivariate model and area under ROC curve for each sex and severity.

Increase in the frequency of obstructive sleep apnea in elderly people.

Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases with age. However, older adults have limited perception of the symptoms related with poor sleep quality.

Objectives: To know the frequency and characteristics of age-related OSA in a large population with clinical suspicion of sleep apnea.

Spray Drift from Three Airblast Sprayer Technologies in a Modern Orchard Work Environment.

Pesticide spray drift represents an important exposure pathway that may cause illness among orchard workers. To strike a balance between improving spray coverage and reducing drift, new sprayer technologies are being marketed for use in modern tree canopies to replace conventional axial fan airblast (AFA) sprayers that have been used widely since the 1950s. We designed a series of spray trials that used mixed-effects modeling to compare tracer-based drift volume levels for old and new sprayer technologies in an orchard work environment.

Indication of CPAP without a sleep study in patients with high pretest probability of obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of clinical criteria (CC) for diagnosis and initiation of empirical treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with the treatment decision based on sleep studies (polysomnography or respiratory polygraphy), guidelines, and experience of participating physicians.

Methods: This was a simulated intention-to-treat study in a retrospective (G1) and prospective (G2) cohort. Four observers (two per group) called CC1 and CC2 reviewed the sleep questionnaires and indicated CPAP if the patients presented snoring, frequent apneas (≥ 3-4/week), body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m, sleepiness (Epworth > 11), or tiredness (at least 3-4 times per week) and some comorbidity (hypertension, coronary/cerebrovascular event, diabetes).

Impact of Mask Type on the Effectiveness of and Adherence to Unattended Home-Based CPAP Titration.

Objectives: To compare interfaces performance during home-based automatic titration (APAP).

Methods: Retrospective study based on APAP titration from Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSA) patients.

Results: 707 patients, 513 men (70.

Patients' preferences and the efficacy of a hybrid model of a minimal contact nasal mask in patients with sleep apnea treated with CPAP.

Objectives: To evaluate patient's satisfaction, efficacy and adherence to CPAP with a hybrid nasal mask (DW) we tested patients with OSA in unattended setting under real-life conditions.

Material And Methods: Prospective, comparative study using DW mask 7 days against habitual mask in patients adapted to CPAP therapy.

Results: We analyzed 52 patients: 35 men (67%) with IAH mean; 24.

Real-Time Monitoring of Spray Drift from Three Different Orchard Sprayers.

In Washington State, half of all pesticide-related illnesses in agriculture result from drift, the off-target movement of pesticides. Of these, a significant proportion involve workers on another farm and orchard airblast applications. We compared the spray drift exposure reduction potential of two modern tower sprayers - directed air tower (DAT) and multi-headed fan tower (MFT), in relation to a traditional axial fan airblast (AFA) sprayer.