Exploring faculty perspectives on competency-based medical education: A report from India.

Introduction: Medical education in India is experiencing a paradigm shift from traditional curriculum to competency-based medical education (CBME). It de-emphasizes time-based training and promises greater accountability, flexibility, and learner centeredness. Faculty development is integral in the context of CBME.

Role of Zinc in Neonatal Sepsis.

Sepsis emerges as a complex clinical syndrome with activation of an innate host response to infections. Despite advancement in therapeutic approaches, infants with sepsis remain hospitalized for longer durations and it remains to be a major health problem in today's world. Zinc as a trace element, has the potential to improve the host's defence mechanism against various pathogenic diseases.

Effect of zinc supplementation on relative expression of immune response genes in neonates with sepsis: A preliminary study.

Background & Objectives: Zinc alters gene expression mainly by binding to a site on the transcription factor. Genome-wide expression studies have shown early repression of genes related to zinc and immunity in adult patients with sepsis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of zinc supplementation on relative expression of immune response genes in neonatal sepsis.

Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Diabetic Foot Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

Background: The impact of diabetic foot infections is enormous in India. Studies on vitamin D levels in diabetes mellitus foot infections are scarce. The primary objective of the present study was to compare the serum vitamin D level between diabetics with foot infections and those without foot infections and the secondary objective was to assess the association between the vitamin D level and the severity of foot infections and outcomes.

WITHDRAWN: Soy isoflavones (from Glycine max) preserves hepatocellular free radical defense system potential and ameliorates inflammatory response in high fat fed ovariectomised Wistar rats: The molecular mechanisms.

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Clomiphene citrate increases nitric oxide, interleukin-10 and reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: Matrix metalloproteinase-9, Nitric oxide and inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Even though these parameters are altered in PCOS, the effect of clomiphene citrate on them has not been studied till date. The present study was done to assess the effect of clomiphene citrate on matrix metalloproteinase-9, nitric oxide and interleukin-10 levels in women with PCOS.

Effect of 12 Weeks of Yoga Therapy on Quality of Life and Indian Diabetes Risk Score in Normotensive Indian Young Adult Prediabetics and Diabetics: Randomized Control Trial.

Introduction: India has become the epicentre for diabetes, a stress-related disorder affecting the working skills and day-to-day lifestyle management of younger population. Most of the studies have reported the effect of yoga on improving Quality of Life (QoL) in diabetic patients with other comorbidities. Till date, no randomized control trial reports are available to show the effect of yoga therapy on QoL and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in normotensive prediabetic and diabetic young individuals.

Short Term Oral Zinc Supplementation among Babies with Neonatal Sepsis for Reducing Mortality and Improving Outcome - A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of short term zinc supplementation on the mortality rate and neurodevelopment outcome in neonates with sepsis at 12 mo corrected age.

Methods: The clinical trial was undertaken in the neonatal intensive care unit of JIPMER during the time period from September 2013 through December 2016. Neonates with clinical manifestations of sepsis who exhibited two positive screening tests (microESR, C- reactive protein, band cell count) were included and randomized into no zinc and zinc group.

Soy isoflavones (Glycine max) ameliorate hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic steatosis in high fat-fed ovariectomized Wistar rats (an experimental model of postmenopausal obesity).

Obesity emerged as the major risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Postmenopausal women are more prone to develop obesity than premenopausal women. The absence of safe and effective conventional treatments for postmenopausal obesity has changed the focus to natural products as alternative remedy.

Efficacy of zinc supplementation on serum calprotectin, inflammatory cytokines and outcome in neonatal sepsis - a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To find out the efficacy of zinc supplementation in decreasing the levels of serum calprotectin and inflammatory cytokines with improvement in outcome in neonatal sepsis.

Methods: Neonates with clinical signs suggestive of sepsis and at least two screening tests positive were randomized into two groups - zinc group and control group. The zinc group received 3 mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate twice a day orally for 10 days along with antibiotics.

Predicting Severity of Acute Kidney Injury in Term Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia Using Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker for predicting Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and its severity among neonates with perinatal asphyxia.

Methods: This descriptive study included 120 term neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Renal parameters of neonates were monitored and AKI was ascertained as per Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria.

Curcumin inhibits hyperlipidemia and hepatic fat accumulation in high-fructose-fed male Wistar rats.

Context: Curcumin, an active principal of Curcuma longa Linn. (Zingiberaceae), has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of curcumin on hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis in high-fructose-fed Wistar rats.

Hydroxycitric acid ameliorates high-fructose-induced redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases in male Wistar rats.

Background: Excess fructose consumption causes dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and various complications. Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), one of the principal components of the fruit Garcinia cambogia, has been shown to possess antiobesity properties. The objective was to investigate the effects of HCA on redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases in high fructose-fed rats.

Preventive effect of curcumin on inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high-fat fed obese rats.

Background: The present study investigated the beneficial effects of curcumin on inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high-fat fed male Wistar rats.

Methods: Five-month-old male Wistar rats (n=20) were divided into two groups (10 rats in each group). Among the two groups, one group received 30 % high-fat diet (HFD) and another group received 30 % HFD with curcumin (200 mg/kg body weight).

Curcumin Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Activation of Redox-Sensitive Kinases in High Fructose- and High-Fat-Fed Male Wistar Rats.

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of curcumin on oxidative stress and redox-sensitive kinases in high fructose- and high-fat-fed rats. Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups with ten animals each. Rats were fed with a standard rodent diet, high fructose diet (60%), and high-fat diet (30%).

Curcumin prevents inflammatory response, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high fructose fed male Wistar rats: Potential role of serine kinases.

Emerging evidence suggests that high fructose consumption may be a potentially important factor responsible for the rising incidence of insulin resistance and diabetes worldwide. The present study investigated the preventive effect of curcumin on inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high fructose fed male Wistar rats at the molecular level. Fructose feeding for 10 weeks caused oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance.

Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of Garcinia cambogia on high fat diet-fed rats.

Background: The study investigated the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of Garcinia cambogia on high fat diet-fed rats.

Methods: The phytochemical constituents, total polyphenol content and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were estimated in the G. cambogia extract (GE).

Attenuated baroreflex sensitivity in normotensive prediabetes and diabetes in Indian adults.

Purpose/aim Of The Study: Though attenuated baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is known to promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in diabetics, its status in prediabetes has not been reported. Also, the link of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive diabetics has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the association of BRS to CVD risk in normotensive prediabetics and diabetics.

Single nucleotide polymorphism of CYP3A5*3 contributes to clopidogrel resistance in coronary artery disease patients among Tamilian population.

Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug. It is used for the treatment as well as for the prophylaxis of coronary artery disease. Clopidogrel resistance is an emerging problem in clinical settings.

Can protein carbonyl/glutathione ratio be used as a potential biomarker to assess oxidative stress in alcoholic hepatitis?

Context: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD).

Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the significance of protein carbonyl/glutathione ratio as a biomarker to assess the oxidative stress in alcoholic hepatitis.

Settings And Design: The study included 30 patients with alcoholic hepatitis and 30 age-sex- matched controls.

Increased glycation of hemoglobin in chronic renal failure: [corrected] potential role of oxidative stress.

Among the various mechanisms proposed, the process of non-enzymatic glycation of proteins is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic complications associated with renal failure. The two traditional factors found to modulate the early glycation of proteins are the prevailing concentration of glucose and half life of the protein. Among the various proteins that are known to undergo nonenzymatic glycation in vivo, hemoglobin has been the most thoroughly investigated.

Association between oxidative stress and coronary lipid risk factors in hypothyroid women is independent of body mass index.

Hypothyroidism enhances the progression of atherogenesis. Furthermore, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity are known risk factors for atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.

Increased glycation of hemoglobin and plasma proteins in normotensive, non-diabetic obese Indian subjects: putative role of lipid peroxides.

Background: Glycation and lipid peroxidation are spontaneous reactions believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of many clinical disorders. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the levels of lipid peroxides and glycated proteins in normotensive, non-diabetic obese Indian subjects and to assess possible associations between them.

Methods: A total of 28 obese male subjects and 20 non-obese subjects were included in the present study.