[A role of some intracellular signaling cascades in planarian regeneration activated under irradiation with low-temperature argon plasma].

Using inhibitory analysis the role of some intracellular signaling pathways in activation of planarian regeneration under the influence of low-temperature argon plasma (LTAP) has been investigated. Inactivation of specific inhibitors of intracellular signaling enzymes such as the receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR), TGF β receptor, calmodulin, adenylate cyclase, phospholipase A2, phospholipase C, cyclin-dependent protein kinase, JAK2-protein kinase, JNK-protein kinase MEK-protein kinase led to inhibition of the head growth during its regeneration in planarians. Pretreatment with LTAP irradiation provided no inhibitory action of some cascades regulating proliferation.

[The role of energy substrates in regulation of the force-frequency relationship in the rat myocardium: effect of ambiocor].

The effect of ambiocor (15 mg/100 ml), which contains natural substrates of energy metabolism, on the contractility of papillary muscles (PM) of the right ventricle of the rat heart was studied at stimulation frequencies from 0.1 to 3.0 Hz at a temperature of 30 +/- 1 degrees C (n = 7).

[Autoimmune states correction for pathologic component (link) elimination that hinder physiologic osteogenesis].

Technological progress widens the possibility to treat patients with serious diseases influencing the reparative processes in human organism. In their clinical practice stomatologists come across with the failure of healing up processes in bone and soft tissues of post operational wounds. Big group of patients was with autoimmune diseases.

Accelerated utilization of lactate under the effect of hypoxen after intensive exercise.

Administration of substrates of energy metabolism in combination with hypoxen (sulfur-containing oligoquinone) promoted the increase in blood lactate concentration during maximum exercise, accelerated lactate utilization, and reduced the lactate/pyruvate ratio during recovery. The in vivo effects are in line with hypoxen capacity to accelerate in vitro oxidation of exogenous NADH in mitochondria by the non-rotenone-dependent pathway realized with participation of cytochrome C.

[Oxidative stress in victims with heavy combined cranium-facial trauma].

For acute posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma (CFT) considerable activation of peroxide lipids oxidation in the liquor is typical beginning from the 1st day of posttraumatic period on the background of speedy and drastic depletion of fermentative and low-molecular antioxidant liquor system (in spite of introduction of antioxidants particularly a-tocopherol acetate). Non-adequate functioning of the system of antioxidant defense on the background of free radical activity splash can be considered as breakdown of the process of adaptive reaction forming. It leads to weighting the course of posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma and its outcome as a whole.

Succinate-based preparation alleviates manifestations of the climacteric syndrome in women.

Clinical placebo-controlled study of Enerlit-Clima (bioactive succinate-based food additive) a showed positive effect of the preparation on general clinical and psychoemotional manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. A trend to an increase in estradiol level in early pathological climacteric and normalization of the endometrial status were observed.

Composition of energy metabolism substrates increases the efficiency of pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular diseases.

The substrate composition containing succinic acid, substrates for succinate synthesis, and antioxidants increased the efficiency of pharmacotherapy in patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension. We revealed an increase in the quality of life and decrease in the functional class of heart failure, incidence of arrhythmias and exercise-related pain, and blood cholesterol concentration.

Comparative study of vasaprostan and alprostan in spontaneous platelet aggregation test in mice.

We propose a method for evaluation of spontaneous aggregation of mouse platelets based on routine clinical blood tests for humans. Comparative analysis of Vasaprostan and Alprostan drugs showed that this test can be used for testing of new drugs on animals.

Histological method for evaluation of the efficiency of Enerlit-Clima.

We propose a method of evaluation of anticlimacteric efficiency of a drug by its effect on the estrous cycle. The study was carried out on 9-month-old mice with retained, but notably reduced reproductive function. Analysis of the cell components of the estrous cycle was carried out on histological preparations of vaginal smears.

[Evaluation of glucose utilization in patients with insulin-independent diabetes mellitus by using breathing test].

Commonly used clinical and biochemical parameters, such as the content of glucose, insulin, somatotropic hormone, triglycerides, lactate, pyruvate, and free fatty acids (FFA) in blood of practically healthy subjects and in patients with insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IIDM), were compared with the parameters obtained by mass-spectrometric analysis of 13CO2 in expired air after 13C-glucose loading. It was shown that, as opposed to healthy subjects, the content of blood glucose and free fatty acids in patients with IIDM increased, the level of glucose dropped in progression upon short-term fasting, and the concentration of lactate changed both upon fasting and after the administration of small test doses of glucose. The use of the 13C-glucose breathing test (13C-GBT), which presupposes the loading of safe small doses of glucose enriched in 13C-isotope permitted one to reveal a number of novel quantitative diagnostic criteria for the evaluation of glucose metabolism in patients with IIDM: a decrease in the rate of 13C withdrawal as a constituent of expired carbon dioxide after the administration of 13C-glucose; a reduction in the amount of exogenous glucose metabolized to carbon dioxide; and increased oxidation of endogenous substrates participating in carbon dioxide formation.

[New artificial blood: sensation without any sensation (comments to the article in the journal New Scientist of 13 March, 2004)].

In the article of Sylvia P. Westphal "New artificial blood shows promise" the sensational, at first sight, contention is adduced that numerous researchers engaged in the development of artificial blood substituents have many years followed the false pathway and did not understand the mechanisms of action of gas-transporting blood substituents, and now this understanding is available. In the paper being commented, the author gives three criteria that gas-transporting blood substituents must meet.

[Effects of blood substitutes of different pharmacological groups and the mode of their injection on the bloodflow of rats].

Central and peripheral bloodflow before and after intramuscular and intravenous injections of 0.9% NaCl (control groups, n=20) and perfluothane (n=20) in a dose of 5 ml/kg was studied in 40 Wistar rats. Dopplerographic study of the bloodflow was carried out on a diagnostic device Biomedical AU-5 (Italy).

[Anaerobic formation of succinate and facilitation of its oxidation -- possible mechanisms of cell adaptation to oxygen deficiency].

An important role of anaerobic formation of succinate in anoxic and hypoxic states and the activation of succinate oxidation under hypoxia were shown. It was concluded that, for maintaining the energetics of animal cells under conditions of oxygen deficiency, it is advisable to use substrates capable of participating in the anaerobic formation of succinate, whereas under hypoxia it is reasonable to use succinate itself.

[Concentration of macroergic phosphates and oxidative potential of skeletal muscles].

It is known that a long-duration decline of high-energy phosphate (HP) level in skeletal muscles, induced by administration of beta-guanidinpropionic acid (beta-GPA), is followed by an increase in mitochondrial enzyme activities (MEA). The same increase in MEA was observed in the course of physical exercise training. Under gravitational inloading decrease in MEA and increase in the level of high-energy phosphates occurred.

[Quantitative analysis of mechanical characteristics of pathologically altered soft biological tissues].

The diagnostic importance of the mechanical properties of pathologically altered soft biological tissues is substantiated. The data on elastic properties of prostate and mammary gland obtained on postoperational material are presented. The methods of treating the experimental data used to determine these characteristics are described.

[A new method to determine the type of scar-changed tissue].

The mechanical parameters of the skin and scarring tissues were assessed in children aged 3-14 years who had various scar types, by using an ACA apparatus, which measures the propagation rates of superficial acoustic waves in the skin. It was found that the types (atrophic, hypertrophic, keloid) of scars could be significantly differentiated from the value of this parameter. The comparison of clinical and acoustic data shows high (as high as 90%) significance of the latter.

[Activation of oxidative phosphorylation and energy-dependent absorption of Ca2+ and K+ ions by liver mitochondria of hibernating ground squirrels in hypotonic media].

Activation of initially suppressed oxidative phosphorylation and energy-dependent uptake of Ca2+ and K+ ions by liver mitochondria of hibernating gophers which is prevented by phospholipase A2 inhibitors, has been shown to occur in hypotonic media. Partial inhibition of the respiratory chain of liver mitochondria of active gophers by antimycin A which causes a decrease in the uncoupled respiration rate and delta psi down to values typical of mitochondria of hibernating gophers, practically exactly reproduced the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and energy-dependent uptake of cations observed during hibernation. It was concluded that partial deenergization arising as a result of inhibition of the respiratory chain is the main and unique cause of suppression of energy-dependent functions of liver mitochondria of hibernating gophers.

[Oxidative activity and Delta(Psi) of liver mitochondria of active and hibernating ground squirrels during various incubation conditions].

A comparative analysis of delta psi of liver mitochondria of active and hibernating gophers was carried out, and the effect of the decrease of the medium tonicity on the oxidase activity and delta psi of liver mitochondria of both animal groups was studied. The delta psi of hibernating gopher liver mitochondria was shown to be lower than that of active animals mitochondria and displayed a higher sensitivity to the uncoupler and some different restoration dynamics after the decline following the ADP addition. Swelling of liver mitochondria of hibernating gophers in hypotonic media or in media containing potassium acetate and a 3-fold freeze-thawing procedure resulted in the enhancement of the oxidase activities accompanied (in case of hypotonicity) by an delta psi increase and a decrease of its sensitivity to the uncoupler, 2.

[The effect of medium tonicity on the rate of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in liver mitochondria of active and hibernating ground squirrels].

The rate of respiration and ATP synthesis in liver mitochondria (M) isolated from hibernating ground squirrels and incubated in the medium with normal tonicity (250 mosm) was shown to be considerably lower than the rate of respiration and ATP synthesis in liver M from active animals. The increase of the medium tonicity to 600 mosm simulated the state of M from hibernating animals, resulting in a decrease of the respiration rate of M from active ground squirrels. On the contrary, the decrease of the tonicity to 60 mosm caused the activation of the respiration and increase of the ATP synthesis in M from hibernating ground squirrels.

[Phospholipase A activity determines the rate of respiration of the mitochondria in hibernating animals].

The mechanisms for regulating the rate of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in liver mitochondria from hibernating ground squirrels were studied. The microviscosity of the mitochondrial membrane in hibernating squirrels was found to be higher than that in active animals. Probably, a high microviscosity of the membrane causes a decreases in the rate of the transport of oxidation substrates into the mitochondrial matrix, which in turn may be one of the main reasons for the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in hibernating squirrels.