Female sex and ipsilateral reoperation risk following mesh-based inguinal hernia repair: a cohort study including 131,626 repairs in adults from an integrated healthcare system over a 10-year period.

Purpose: We sought to compare females and males for the risk of reoperation following different inguinal hernia repair approaches (open, laparoscopic, and robotic).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all patients aged ≥ 18 who underwent first inguinal hernia repair with mesh within a US integrated healthcare system (2010-2020). Data were obtained from the system's integrated electronic health record.

Comparative study of extraction methods for the GC and GC-MS screening of urine for beta-blocker abuse.

Comparison is made between conventional liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction techniques using Extrelut-1, Extrelut-3 and C18-RP cartridges respectively for the screening of several beta-blockers in urine. Generally, using GC with nitrogen specific detection as the screening technique, liquid-liquid extraction and Extrelut-1 solid-phase extraction seem to be the methods of choice. However, when the screening and confirmation are performed by GC-MS, solid phase extractions with C18 or Extrelut-1 are valuable alternatives to conventional extraction.