[HLA-haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using FluMelTBI conditioning for an elderly patient with fulminant aplastic anemia during treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) due to the finding of leukocytosis and started acalabrutinib and obinutuzumab (AO) therapy. After three cycles of AO therapy, she developed severe pancytopenia with hypoplastic bone marrow and was diagnosed with fulminant aplastic anemia (AA) due to neutropenia with no response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. One month after the onset of AA, she received HLA-haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) from a daughter using FluMelTBI (fludarabine 180 mg/m, melphalan 80 mg/m, total body irradiation 4 Gy) as the conditioning regimen and tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis.

Clinical performance of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition for perivascular soft-tissue cuffing suspected to be extravascular migratory metastases of pancreatic or bile duct cancer (with video).

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) for perivascular soft-tissue cuffing (PSTC).

Methods: This single-center, retrospective study evaluated patients in whom EUS-TA was performed for PSTC in pancreatic or bile duct cancer lesions between October 2017 and March 2024. PSTC was defined as a perivascular soft-tissue area contiguous with nearby blood vessels from the suspected primary tumor.

Philadelphia Chromosome as a Clinically Favorable Prognostic Factor of B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoblastic Lymphoma in Transplant-Ineligible Elderly Patients in the Era of Molecular-Targeted Therapy.

Background and objective There is scarce data on the treatment outcomes of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-ALL/LBL) in elderly patients in the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), blinatumomab, and inotuzumab ozogamicin. In light of this, we aimed to address this gap in data by conducting this retrospective study. Methods Treatment outcomes were retrospectively evaluated by using data from transplant-ineligible patients aged 65 years or older with newly diagnosed B-ALL/LBL (n=29) at two hospitals in Oita, Japan between 2013 and 2023.

Loss of Tob1 promotes muscle regeneration through muscle stem cell expansion.

Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) play an indispensable role in postnatal muscle growth and hypertrophy in adults. MuSCs also retain a highly regenerative capacity and are therefore considered a promising stem cell source for regenerative therapy for muscle diseases. In this study, we identify tumor-suppressor protein Tob1 as a Pax7 target protein that negatively controls the population expansion of MuSCs.

Precise immunofluorescence canceling for highly multiplexed imaging to capture specific cell states.

Cell states are regulated by the response of signaling pathways to receptor ligand-binding and intercellular interactions. High-resolution imaging has been attempted to explore the dynamics of these processes and, recently, multiplexed imaging has profiled cell states by achieving a comprehensive acquisition of spatial protein information from cells. However, the specificity of antibodies is still compromised when visualizing activated signals.

Factors influencing delayed referral of oral cancer patients from family dentists to the core hospital.

Background/purpose: Most oral cancer (OC) cases are identified by family dentists in Japan. However, a significant number of patients with OC in Japan are referred to core hospitals at advanced stages. Therefore, identifying the factors that contribute to delayed referrals from family dentists to core hospitals is crucial for detecting OC in its earlier stages.

Comparison of hemostatic ability between spray coagulation and forced coagulation modes in endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with early gastric neoplasms: a study protocol for multicenter randomized controlled trial (Spray-G trial).

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard treatment for early gastric neoplasms (EGN). Controlling intraoperative bleeding is crucial for ensuring safe and reliable procedures. ESD using the spray coagulation mode (SCM-ESD) has been developed to control bleeding more effectively than ESD using the conventional forced coagulation mode (FCM-ESD).

Genome-wide mapping and cryo-EM structural analyses of the overlapping tri-nucleosome composed of hexasome-hexasome-octasome moieties.

The nucleosome is a fundamental unit of chromatin in which about 150 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around a histone octamer. The overlapping di-nucleosome has been proposed as a product of chromatin remodeling around the transcription start site, and previously found as a chromatin unit, in which about 250 base pairs of DNA continuously bind to the histone core composed of a hexamer and an octamer. In the present study, our genome-wide analysis of human cells suggests another higher nucleosome stacking structure, the overlapping tri-nucleosome, which wraps about 300-350 base-pairs of DNA in the region downstream of certain transcription start sites of actively transcribed genes.

Prospective clinical trial of EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy without fistula dilation for malignant distal biliary obstruction.

Background And Objectives: During EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS), fistula dilation before stent insertion is associated with adverse events (AEs), such as bile leakage and peritonitis. We hypothesized that EUS-CDS without fistula dilation using a novel self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) with a thin delivery system could overcome this problem, and we conducted this study to evaluate its feasibility and safety.

Methods: This was an open-label, single-arm, phase II study at a single institution.

Simulation of ultrasonically induced electrical potentials in bone.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment is known to shorten the healing period of bone fractures by 30%-40%, but the initial mechanism of the healing process remains unknown. One possible mechanism is related to the piezoelectricity of bone. However, the complex geometry of bones results in inherent challenges to evaluating electric fields induced therein.