The effect of anterior support screw (AS2) in unstable femoral trochanteric fractures: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study was conducted to verify the effectiveness of Anterior Support Screw (AS2) for unstable femoral trochanteric fractures.

Design: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial SETTING: This study was conducted across 15 academic medical centers in Japan PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: We enrolled 240 cases of femoral trochanteric fractures with posterior crushing and intramedullary displacement of proximal bone fragments across 15 institutions in Japan.

Intervention: All patients were subjected to a reduction in which the anterior cortex was brought into contact.

Semaphorin 6D tunes amygdalar circuits for emotional, metabolic, and inflammatory outputs.

Regulated neural-metabolic-inflammatory responses are essential for maintaining physiological homeostasis. However, the molecular machinery that coordinates neural, metabolic, and inflammatory responses is largely unknown. Here, we show that semaphorin 6D (SEMA6D) coordinates anxiogenic, metabolic, and inflammatory outputs from the amygdala by maintaining synaptic homeostasis.

Mechanical Evaluation of Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft Fixation to the Tibia in ACL Reconstruction: Bone Plug Tensioning and Fixation System versus Interference Screw.

This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of bone plug fixation to the tibia with a novel device, the Bone plug Tensioning and Fixation (BTF) system.Forty bone-tendon-bone grafts consisting of the whole patella-patellar tendon-tibial bone plug of 10-mm width and tibiae from the porcine were prepared. After creating a 10-mm tibial tunnel, the tibial bone plug was fixed to the tibia with the BTF system or the interference screw (IFS) to prepare a test specimen of the patella-patellar tendon-tibial bone plug fixed to the tibia.

Vibration acceleration enhances proliferation, migration, and maturation of C2C12 cells and promotes regeneration of muscle injury in male rats.

Vibration acceleration (VA) using a whole-body vibration device is beneficial for skeletal muscles. However, its effect at the cellular level remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of VA on muscles in vitro and in vivo using the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line and cardiotoxin-induced injury in male rat soleus muscles.

Factors affecting the post-operative over-constraint after anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective: Initial tension at graft fixation is one of key factors for good outcomes in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Identifying the pre-operative factors that influence postoperative knee laxity under the anterior tibial load is useful in determining the initial tension at graft fixation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to clarify the pre-operative factors affecting the side-to-side difference in anterior laxity immediately after the anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction with a constant initial tension.

Deep Infection After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Diagnosed by Intratunnel Suspensory Fixation Device Migration: A Case Report.

Case: A 43-year-old woman sustained an anterior cruciate ligament injury while kickboxing and underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft with suspensory fixation. Lateral thigh wound was superficially infected at 2 weeks postoperatively with resolution of signs and symptoms after debridement. Three months later, posterolateral knee pain developed and radiographs revealed intratunnel migration of the device.

Glenoid rim morphology in young athletes with unstable painful shoulders: primarily painful vs. frankly unstable.

Background: To investigate the characteristics of glenoid rim morphology in young athletes (<40 yr) with unstable painful shoulder.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) shoulder pain during sports activity, (2) traumatic onset, (3) no complaint of shoulder instability, and (4) soft tissue or bony lesions confirmed on imaging examinations (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging).

Ultrasonic Technique for Femoral Tunnel Creation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Bone tunnel creation in the anatomical location is essential in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with an autogenous graft and is commonly performed with a drill bit matched to graft diameter. Anatomic rectangular tunnel ACL reconstruction with a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft has been developed to anatomically create bone tunnels inside the ACL footprints and has been reported to achieve excellent outcomes. To make the rectangular tunnel, the surgeon needs to dilate 2 adjacent bone tunnels after creation of 2 round tunnels with a drill bit, while the tunnel wall occasionally cracks during dilating.

Immunolocalization of Enzymes/Membrane Transporters Related to Bone Mineralization in the Metaphyses of the Long Bones of Parathyroid-Hormone-Administered Mice.

The present study aimed to demonstrate the immunolocalization and/or gene expressions of the enzymes and membrane transporters involved in bone mineralization after the intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The study especially focused on TNALP, ENPP1, and PHOSPHO1, which are involved in matrix vesicle-mediated mineralization, as well as PHEX and the SIBLING family, which regulate mineralization deep inside bone. Six-week-old male mice were subcutaneously injected with 20 μg/kg/day of human PTH (1-34) two times per day ( = 6) or four times per day ( = 6) for two weeks.

Geriatric nutritional risk index as the prognostic factor in older patients with fragility hip fractures.

Unlabelled: This study investigated the long-term survival and incidence of secondary fractures after fragility hip fractures. The 5-year survival rate was 62%, and the mortality risk was seen in patients with GNRI < 92. The 5-year incidence of secondary fracture was 22%, which was significantly higher in patients with a BMI < 20.

Glenoid defect size increases but the bone fragment rarely resorbs in shoulders with recurrent anterior instability.

Background: With recurrent anterior instability the bone fragment of a bony Bankart lesion is often small compared to the glenoid defect. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the changes to both the bone fragment and glenoid defect over time in a single subject.

Methods: Participants were patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) at least twice after an instability event between 2004 and 2021 and had a fragment-type glenoid at first CT.

Current status and future prospects of the Japanese orthopaedic association national registry (JOANR), Japan's first national registry of orthopaedic surgery.

The Japanese Orthopaedic Association National Registry (JOANR) is Japan's first national registry of orthopaedic surgery, which has been developed after having been selected for the Project for Developing a Database of Clinical Outcome approved by the Health Policy Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Its architecture has two levels of registration, one being the basic items of surgical procedure, disease, information on surgeons, surgery-related information, and outcome, and the other being detailed items in the affiliated registries of partner medical associations. It has a number of features, including the facts that, because it handles medical data, which constitute special care-required personal information, data processing is conducted entirely in a cloud environment with the imposition of high-level data security measures; registration of the implant data required to assess implant performance has been automated via a bar code reader app; and the system structure enables flexible collaboration with the registries of partner associations.

Knot location in arthroscopic inside-out meniscal repair: Cadaveric evaluation.

Background: The inside-out repair technique is the gold standard for treatment of meniscal tears, while some soft tissues can be hung as the sutures are tied outside the capsule. The purpose was to clarify the association between the suture site and knot location in the arthroscopic inside-out technique.

Methods: Inside-out meniscal suture was arthroscopically performed on medial and lateral menisci in twenty-three cadaveric knees, on the assumption that longitudinal tear existed.

Is preoperative glenoid defect size a reliable indicator of postoperative recurrence after arthroscopic Bankart repair in teenage competitive athletes?

Background: Being younger than 20 years of age at the time of arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) is known to be one of the most important risk factors for postoperative recurrence of instability. When deciding on the appropriate surgical approach, surgeons generally consider only the size of a critical glenoid defect, and most of them do not take into account factors such as the size of bone fragments and possible bone union after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair (ABBR). Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to clarify the risk factors for postoperative recurrence after ABR in teenage competitive athletes by focusing on glenoid rim morphologies and bone union.

Perpendicular probing and screwing technique: A simple method for accurate pedicle screw placement based on the human internal reference frame for angle estimation.

The pedicle screw (PS) is widely used for spinal fixation surgery. However, PS malpositioning can cause critical complications; thus, the accuracy of ascertaining PS trajectory is paramount. This study aimed to demonstrate the accuracy and safety of a simple and cost-effective PS placement technique using a human internal reference frame for angle estimation.

The process of bone union after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair in younger athletes with a subcritical glenoid defect: An advantage of remained large bone fragment.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the bone union process after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair (ABBR) in shoulders with a subcritical glenoid defect of 13.5% or larger.

Methods: Bone union process after ABBR performed from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively investigated in 47 athletes younger than 30 years with a subcritical glenoid defect, who underwent CT at least twice postoperatively.

The counteracting effect of the friction moment against the tibial rotational moment driven by the ground reaction force in an early stance phase of cutting maneuver among healthy male athletes.

The ground reaction force (GRF) is known to produce tibial internal rotation loading associated with the stress in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). However, it is unclear whether the friction moment (FM; the moment due to horizontal shoe-floor friction, acting around the vertical axis at the GRF acting point) facilitates or restrains the effect of GRF-driven tibial rotation loading during cutting. The 45° cutting motions with forefoot/rearfoot strikes were captured simultaneously with GRF and FM data from 23 healthy males.

Contribution of the grain size QTL to yield properties and physiological nitrogen-use efficiency in the large-grain rice cultivar 'Akita 63'.

The development of crop varieties with high nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) is thought to be important in achieving sustainable cereal crop production. The high yield large-grain rice cultivar L. 'Akita 63' ( ) has high physiological NUE (PNUE) for grain yield (GY).

New bone formation after arthroscopic Bankart repair for unstable shoulders with an erosion-type glenoid defect.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate new bone formation after arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) and the influence of new bone formation on recurrence in shoulders with an erosion-type glenoid defect.

Methods: We analyzed data on shoulders with an erosion-type glenoid defect. Participants were patients who underwent computed tomography to evaluate new bone formation after ABR performed from 2004 to 2021 and were followed for a minimum of 2 years.

The allele from a large-grain rice cultivar, Akita 63, increases yield and improves nitrogen-use efficiency.

The Green Revolution allowed a large amount of nitrogen (N) fertilization to increase crop yield but has led to severe environmental pollution. Therefore, increasing the crop grain yield must be achieved without such considerable input of N fertilization. A large-grain rice cultivar, Akita 63, significantly increased grain yield and improved N-use efficiency (NUE) for yield per amount of N absorbed by plants.

Isolated trochlea osteochondral fracture of the distal humerus in a 6-year-old patient surgically fixed using biodegradable pins: A case study with over 3 years of follow-up.

Isolated humeral trochlea fracture, particularly in skeletally immature children, is extremely rare. The exact mechanism of this injury remains unknown because the humeral trochlea is embraced within the olecranon fossa without any muscular or ligamentous attachment. We report the treatment of a 6-year-old boy who sustained an isolated trochlea osteochondral fracture when he fell with his elbow in a flexed position while skateboarding.

Comparison of anterior knee laxity immediately after anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Manual tensioning vs tensioning boot techniques.

Purpose: Tensioning technique at graft fixation is one of key factors for successful outcomes in ACL reconstruction. The tensioning boot, which had two tensioners and was fixed to the tibia with a bandage, was developed for precise graft tensioning. The purpose was to compare the anterior knee laxity between the manual tensioning and the tensioning boot techniques immediately after ACL reconstruction under anesthesia in order to elucidate the effectiveness of using the tensioning boot.

Meniscal Displacement and Loss of Load-Transmission Function After Radial Tear of the Lateral Meniscus in a Porcine Model: New Insights Into the Functional Dynamics of the Injured Meniscus.

Background: Meniscal extrusion/translation has been used as an index for meniscal treatment. However, the relationship between meniscal displacement and the degree of meniscal tear or load-transmission function of the lateral meniscus (LM) remains unclear.

Purpose: To clarify the relationship between the width of the radial tear of the LM and (1) meniscal displacement or (2) resultant force through the meniscus under axial compressive load in the porcine model.