Tailoring the Heterointerfaces of Earth-Abundant Transition-Metal Nanoclusters on Nickel Oxide Nanosheets for Enhanced Overall Water Splitting through Electronic Structure Optimization.

Evolving highly competent and economical electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrolysis is crucial in renewable hydrogen energy technologies. The slow hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)/oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics under alkaline electrolytes, still, has troubled developments in high-performance green hydrogen production systems. Herein, we demonstrate the tailoring of the interface of earth-abundant transition-metal nanoclusters (MNCs), including iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) nanoclusters on nickel oxide nanosheets (M NCs|NiO NS) through metal-support interaction for enriched overall water splitting under an alkaline electrolyte.

MOF-Based Platform for Kidney Diseases: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects.

Kidney diseases are important diseases that affect human health worldwide. According to the 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) report, kidney diseases have become the top 10 causes of death. Strengthening the prevention, primary diagnosis, and action of kidney-related diseases is of great significance in maintaining human health and improving the quality of life.

Advances in drug delivery-based therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis treatment.

Renal fibrosis is the result of all chronic kidney diseases and is becoming a major global health hazard. Currently, traditional treatments for renal fibrosis are difficult to meet clinical needs due to shortcomings such as poor efficacy or highly toxic side effects. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target the kidneys are needed to overcome these shortcomings.

Metal-organic frameworks for biomedical applications: A review.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emergent materials in diverse prospective biomedical uses, owing to their inherent features such as adjustable pore dimension and volume, well-defined active sites, high surface area, and hybrid structures. The multifunctionality and unique chemical and biological characteristics of MOFs allow them as ideal platforms for sensing numerous emergent biomolecules with real-time monitoring towards the point-of-care applications. This review objects to deliver key insights on the topical developments of MOFs for biomedical applications.

Ni(OH) nanosheets decorated with FeCoPi on NiO heterostructures: tunable intrinsic electronic structures for improved overall water splitting.

Herein, we demonstrate the rational design of 3-dimensional nickel double hydroxide nanosheets decorated with iron-cobalt phosphide on nickel oxide (Ni(OH)@FeCoPi|NiO) heterostructures for achieving improved overall water splitting. The as-optimized Ni(OH)@FeCoPi|NiO heterostructures exhibited an overpotential () of ∼133 mV and ∼173 mV at 10 mA cm for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively, in an alkaline electrolyte through a tunable electronic interaction and stabilization of the active Ni(OH) and FeCoPi interface.

Enzyme-free electrochemical sensor platforms based on transition metal nanostructures for clinical diagnostics.

The detection of emergent biomarkers is of key significance in numerous clinical, biological, and biomedical fields. Specifically, the design and development of potent electrochemical lactic acid and glucose sensing platforms are especially in great demand in a variety of industries, including those involved in clinical analysis, biomedicine, biological, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, leather, sports, and chemical industries. Nanostructured transition metal-derived materials have opened the door to electrochemical sensors and biosensors due to their advantages of high surface-to-volume ratio, surface reaction activity, catalytic activity, and strong adsorption capability.

Metal Oxides Nanomaterials and Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Healthcare Applications.

Wide-ranging research efforts have been directed to prioritize scientific and technological inventions for healthcare monitoring. In recent years, the effective utilization of functional nanomaterials in various electroanalytical measurements realized a rapid, sensitive, and selective detection and monitoring of a wide range of biomarkers in body fluids. Owing to good biocompatibility, high organic capturing ability, strong electrocatalytic activity, and high robustness, transition metal oxide-derived nanocomposites have led to enhancements in sensing performances.

Carbon Nanocomposites-based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Biomedical Diagnostics.

Detection of emergent biomolecules or biomarkers remains crucial for early diagnosis in advancing healthcare monitoring and biomedicine. The possibility for rapid detection, real-time monitoring, high sensitivity, low detection limit, good selectivity, and low cost is central, among other significant issues for advancing point-of-care diagnosis. Carbon-based nanocomposites have been employed as sensing materials for various biomarkers due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and biocompatibility.

FeCoP nanosheets on NiO nanoparticles as electrocatalysts: tuning and stabilizing active sites for water splitting.

Herein, we demonstrate a novel strategy for tailoring and stabilizing the interface of active sites on hierarchical three-dimensional (3D) iron-cobalt phosphide (FeCoP) nanosheets on nickel oxide nanoparticles for overall water splitting. The developed bifunctional electrode required an overpotential of only ∼158 mV and ∼74 mV to attain 10 mA cm for oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions, respectively, with excellent durability over 100 h in 1.0 M KOH engineering interfacial active sites, revealing the progress in the development of electrocatalytic activity.

Gold Nanoclusters Dispersed on Gold Dendrite-Based Carbon Fibre Microelectrodes for the Sensitive Detection of Nitric Oxide in Human Serum.

Herein, gold nanoclusters (Au NC) dispersed on gold dendrite (Au DS)-based flexible carbon fibre (AuNC@AuDS|CF) microelectrodes are developed using a one-step electrochemical approach. The as-fabricated AuNC@AuDS|CF microelectrodes work as the prospective electrode materials for the sensitive detection of nitric oxide (NO) in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (PB) solution.

Nanostructured Transition Metal Sulfide-based Glucose and Lactic Acid Electrochemical Sensors for Clinical Applications.

Engineered nanostructures of mixed transition metal sulfides have emerged as promising nanomaterials (NMs) for various electrochemical sensors and biosensors applications, including glucose sensors (GS) and lactic acid sensors (LAS) in clinical aspects. Electrochemical sensors based on nanostructured materials, such as transition metal sulfides and their nanocomposites, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, molecularly imprinted polymers, and metal-organic frameworks, have emerged as potent tools for the monitoring and quantification of biomolecules. Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection systems have generally been established credibly by providing new functional surfaces, miniaturization processes, and different nanostructured materials with exceptional characteristics.

Direct growth of three-dimensional nanoflower-like structures from flat metal surfaces.

Here we report on a facile top-down approach for the direct growth of CoO hierarchical nanoflowers from a bulk Co surface chemical etching and thermal annealing. The effect of the annealing temperature was investigated, showing that amorphous CoO was formed at 250 °C, while crystalline CoO with notable oxygen vacancies was created at 550 °C. The formed 3D nanostructures exhibited excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activities with a low overpotential of 0.

Gold-dispersed hierarchical flower-like copper oxide microelectrodes for the sensitive detection of glucose and lactic acid in human serum and urine.

Herein, we report self-supported gold-dispersed copper oxide microflowers (Au@CuO MFs) on copper microelectrodes (CMEs) as a sensitive platform for the sensing of glucose and lactic acid in human serum and urine samples. The direct growth of a new class of gold-dispersed copper oxide microflowers on Cu microelectrodes involves growing flower-like passivated copper microelectrodes in nitric acid followed by the galvanic replacement of copper atoms with gold atoms without employing any surfactant or polymer or without the use of any catalysts or complicated procedures. The as-fabricated gold-dispersed copper oxide microflower microelectrodes (Au@CuO MFs|CME) were employed as potential signal transducers for the sensitive detection of glucose and lactic acid in practical samples.

Bimetallic Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Clinical Applications.

Diabetes is a foremost health issue that results in ~4 million deaths every year and ~170 million people suffering globally. Though there is no treatment for diabetes yet, the blood glucose level of diabetic patients should be checked closely to avoid further problems. Screening glucose in blood has become a vital requirement, and thus the fabrication of advanced and sensitive blood sugar detection methodologies for clinical analysis and individual care.

Iron sulphide rice grain nanostructures as potential electrocatalysts for an improved oxygen evolution reaction.

Iron based chalcogenides are considered a promising group of electro-active materials for various electrochemical technologies. Herein we demonstrate a facile fabrication of various iron sulphide (FeS) nanostructures, including rice grains (RGS)-, nanoflowers (NFS)- and nanoparticles (NPS)-like surface morphologies electrochemical, solvothermal and chemical strategies, respectively. The as-developed FeS nanostructures have been employed as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline electrolyte.

Simultaneous electrochemical detection of guanine and adenine using reduced graphene oxide decorated with AuPt nanoclusters.

A rapid and sensitive electrochemical sensing platform is reported based on bimetallic gold-platinum nanoclusters (AuPtNCs) dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for the simultaneous detection of guanine and adenine using square wave voltammetry (SWV). The synthesis of AuPtNCs-rGO nanocomposite was achieved by a simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and metal ions (Au and Pt) in an aqueous solution. The developed AuPtNCs-rGO electrochemical sensor with the optimized 50:50 bimetallic (Au:Pt) nanoclusters exhibited an outstanding electrocatalytic performance towards the simultaneous oxidation of guanine and adenine without the aid of any enzymes or mediators in physiological pH.

Non-Enzymatic Glucose Detection Based on NiS Nanoclusters@NiS Nanosphere in Human Serum and Urine.

Herein, we report a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing platform based on NiS nanoclusters dispersed on NiS nanosphere (NC-NiS@NS-NiS) in human serum and urine samples. The NC-NiS@NS-NiS are directly grown on nickel foam (NF) (NC-NiS@NS-NiS|NF) substrate by a facile, and one-step electrodeposition strategy under acidic solution. The as-developed nanostructured NC-NiS@NS-NiS|NF electrode materials successfully employ as the enzyme-mimic electrocatalysts toward the improved electrocatalytic glucose oxidation and sensitive glucose sensing.

Hollow sphere nickel sulfide nanostructures-based enzyme mimic electrochemical sensor platform for lactic acid in human urine.

An enzyme-free electrochemical sensor platform is reported based on hollow sphere structured nickel sulfide (HS-NiS) nanomaterials for the sensitive lactic acid (LA) detection in human urine. Hollow sphere nickel sulfide nanostructures directly grow on the nickel foam (NiF) substrate by using facile and one-step electrochemical deposition strategy towards the electrocatalytic lactic acid oxidation and sensing for the first time. The as-developed nickel sulfide nanostructured electrode (NiF/HS-NiS) has been successfully employed as the enzyme mimic electrode towards the enhanced electrocatalytic oxidation and detection of lactic acid.

Two-Dimensional Earth-Abundant Transition Metal Oxides Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Application in Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Development of a universal synthetic strategy for two-dimensional (2D) Earth-abundant transition metal oxides nanomaterials is highly vital toward numerous electrochemical applications. Herein, a facile and general synthesis of highly ordered two-dimensional metal oxides nanomaterials includes CoO, NiO, CuO, and FeO nanosheets as an electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is demonstrated. Among the synthesized 2D transition metal oxides, the CoO nanosheet exhibits smallest overpotential (η) of ∼384.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Study of Mesoporous Nickel-Cobalt Oxides for Efficient Oxygen Reduction.

Development of a cost-effective and efficient electrocatalyst for the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a crucial challenge for clean energy technologies. In this study, we have synthesized various Ni and Co oxide (NCO) nanomaterials via a facile coprecipitation, followed by the calcination method. The morphology of the formed NCO nanomaterials was controlled by varying the percentage of the Ni and Co precursors, leading to the formation of a template-free mesoporous spinel phase structure of Ni CoO.

Electrochemical sensor and biosensor platforms based on advanced nanomaterials for biological and biomedical applications.

Introduction of novel functional nanomaterials and analytical technologies signify a foremost possibility for the advance of electrochemical sensor and biosensor platforms/devices for a broad series of applications including biological, biomedical, biotechnological, clinical and medical diagnostics, environmental and health monitoring, and food industries. The design of sensitive and selective electrochemical biological sensor platforms are accomplished conceivably by offering new surface modifications, microfabrication techniques, and diverse nanomaterials with unique properties for in vivo and in vitro medical analysis via relating a sensibly planned electrode/solution interface. The advantageous attributes such as low-cost, miniaturization, energy efficient, easy fabrication, online monitoring, and the simultaneous sensing capability are the driving force towards continued growth of electrochemical biosensing platforms, which have fascinated the interdisciplinary research arenas spanning chemistry, material science, biological science, and medical industries.

Hierarchical oxygen-implanted MoS nanoparticle decorated graphene for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide in alkaline media.

Owing to the extensive applications of hydrogen peroxide (HO) in biological, environmental and chemical engineering, it is of great importance to investigate sensitive and selective sensing platform towards the detection of HO. Herein, oxygen-implanted MoS nanoparticles decorated graphene nanocomposite is synthesized via a facile one-pot solvothermal method for the sensitive detection of HO in alkaline media. The structure and morphology of the MoS/graphene nanocomposites were systematically characterized, showing that Mo-O bonds are formed and oxygen is implanted into the crystal structure in the nanocomposite.

Design and Electrochemical Study of Platinum-Based Nanomaterials for Sensitive Detection of Nitric Oxide in Biomedical Applications.

The extensive physiological and regulatory roles of nitric oxide (NO) have spurred the development of NO sensors, which are of critical importance in neuroscience and various medical applications. The development of electrochemical NO sensors is of significant importance, and has garnered a tremendous amount of attention due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, rapid response, low cost, miniaturization, and the possibility of real-time monitoring. Nanostructured platinum (Pt)-based materials have attracted considerable interest regarding their use in the design of electrochemical sensors for the detection of NO, due to their unique properties and the potential for new and innovative applications.

Novel cobalt quantum dot/graphene nanocomposites as highly efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting.

A cost-effective, non-noble metal based high-performance electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical to energy conversion and storage processes. Here, we report on a facile and effective in situ strategy for the synthesis of an advanced nanocomposite material that is comprised of cobalt quantum dots (Co QDs, ∼3.2 nm), uniformly dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a highly efficient OER electrocatalyst platform.

Carbon Nanomaterials Based Electrochemical Sensors/Biosensors for the Sensitive Detection of Pharmaceutical and Biological Compounds.

Electrochemical sensors and biosensors have attracted considerable attention for the sensitive detection of a variety of biological and pharmaceutical compounds. Since the discovery of carbon-based nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, C60 and graphene, they have garnered tremendous interest for their potential in the design of high-performance electrochemical sensor platforms due to their exceptional thermal, mechanical, electronic, and catalytic properties. Carbon nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors have been employed for the detection of various analytes with rapid electron transfer kinetics.