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Kidney stone disease is rapidly increasing with a strong relationship to metabolic syndrome. This review gives a brief overview of the current state and current treatment modalities. Increasing use of CT and ultrasound scans leads to increased diagnosis of asymptomatic kidney stones, which rarely require treatment.

A prospective study on whether a tension-free urethropexy procedure affects the residual urine and flow up to 4 years after the operation.

Background: Sling procedures performed for urinary stress incontinence can be complicated by urinary retention and flow problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the flow and the residual urine before and after a tension-free vaginal urethropexy procedure performed for stress urinary incontinence.

Methods: A total of 72 women were included in the study.

Event driven electrical stimulation of the dorsal penile/clitoral nerve for management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of automatic event driven electrical stimulation on the dorsal penile/clitoral nerve for management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity in patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis.

Methods: A total of 10 patients participated in the study. Detrusor pressure was recorded during physiological filling of the bladder and electrical stimulation was applied with surface electrodes whenever the detrusor pressure exceeded 10 cm H(2)O.