α-Synuclein (aSyn) accumulation within the extra-nigral neuronal populations in the brainstem, including the gigantocellular nuclei (GRN/Gi) of reticular formation, is a recognized feature during the prodromal phase of Parkinson disease (PD). Accordingly, there is a burgeoning interest in animal model development for understanding the pathological significance of extra-nigral synucleinopathy, in relation to motor and/or non-motor symptomatology in PD. Here, we report an experimental paradigm for the induction of aSyn aggregation in brainstem, with stereotaxic delivery of pre-formed fibrillar (PFF) aSyn in the pontine GRN of transgenic mice expressing the mutant human Ala53Thr aSyn (M83 line).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor any organism, survival is enhanced by the ability to sense and respond to threats in advance. For bacteria, danger sensing among kin cells has been observed, but the presence or impacts of general danger signals are poorly understood. Here we show that different bacterial species use exogenous peptidoglycan fragments, which are released by nearby kin or non-kin cell lysis, as a general danger signal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeople with an outward peristomal body profile can experience difficulties obtaining a secure seal with a flat baseplate to the peristomal skin. Baseplates with a concave contour have been designed to provide a better fit to curved body profiles and reduce the risk of leakage. In this 4-week product evaluation, 110 individuals with an outward peristomal body profile using flat one-piece pouching systems were enrolled to evaluate the impact of a concave one-piece pouching system on wear time, unplanned changes of pouching systems and use of accessories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the fit of a two-piece pouching system with a concave-shaped skin barrier on people with an outward peristomal body profile and its effect on leakage, wear time, and quality of life (QoL) related to using an ostomy product.
Design: Randomized, controlled, open-label, cross-over trial.
Subjects And Settings: The sample comprised 53 subjects with outward peristomal body profiles and problems with leakage of ostomy effluent from their pouching system.
This review delves into the application and effectiveness of Very Brief Advice (VBA) for smoking cessation in Denmark's healthcare system. Despite some evidence, VBA's support remains limited, adopted by only a few hospitals and overlooked by many healthcare professionals. To enhance cessation efforts, we recommend elevating its status from optional to mandatory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Conscious
June 2024
A recent advancement in consciousness science has been the introduction of a multidimensional framework of consciousness. This framework has been applied to global states of consciousness, including psychedelic states and disorders of consciousness, and the consciousness of non-human animals. The multidimensional framework enables a finer parsing of both various states of consciousness and forms of animal consciousness, paving the way for new scientific investigations into consciousness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Reducing growth and limiting metabolism are strategies that allow bacteria to survive exposure to environmental stress and antibiotics. During infection, uropathogenic (UPEC) may enter a quiescent state that enables them to reemerge after the completion of successful antibiotic treatment. Many clinical isolates, including the well-characterized UPEC strain CFT073, also enter a metabolite-dependent, quiescent state that is reversible with cues, including peptidoglycan-derived peptides and amino acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to develop and validate "the Imprint method,", a technique for sampling microbes from chronic wounds while preserving their two-dimensional spatial organization. We used nylon filters to sample bacteria and compared with sampling using Eswabs in 12 patients. The Imprint method identified a mean of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Sb compounds with = Cr, Fe, Ru, and Os have been investigated under high pressures by synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. All compounds, except CrSb, were found to retain the marcasite structure up to the highest pressures (more than 50 GPa). In contrast, we found that CrSb has a structural phase transition around 10 GPa to a metastable, MoP-type structure with Cr coordinated to seven Sb atoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany companies in the food industry apply reverse osmosis (RO) membranes to ensure high-quality reuse of water. Biofouling is however, a common, recalcitrant and recurring problem that blocks transport over membranes and decreases the water recovery. Microorganisms adhering to membranes may form biofilm and produce an extracellular matrix, which protects against external stress and ensures continuous attachment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe majority of ecological, industrial and medical impacts of bacteria result from diverse communities containing multiple species. This diversity presents a significant challenge as co-cultivation of multiple bacterial species frequently leads to species being outcompeted and, with this, the possibility to manipulate, evolve and improve bacterial communities is lost. Ecological theory predicts that a solution to this problem will be to grow species in structured environments, which reduces the likelihood of competitive exclusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe microbial world represents a phenomenal diversity of microorganisms from different kingdoms of life, which occupy an impressive set of ecological niches. Most, if not all, microorganisms once colonize a surface develop architecturally complex surface-adhered communities, which we refer to as biofilms. They are embedded in polymeric structural scaffolds and serve as a dynamic milieu for intercellular communication through physical and chemical signalling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImage translation with convolutional autoencoders has recently been used as an approach to multimodal change detection (CD) in bitemporal satellite images. A main challenge is the alignment of the code spaces by reducing the contribution of change pixels to the learning of the translation function. Many existing approaches train the networks by exploiting supervised information of the change areas, which, however, is not always available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is cerebral dysfunction caused by liver failure and inflicts 30-40% of patients with liver cirrhosis during their disease course. Clinically manifest HE is often preceded by minimal HE (MHE) - a clinically undetectable cognitive disturbance closely associated with loss of quality of life. Accordingly, detecting and treating MHE improve the patients' daily functioning and prevent HE-related hospital admissions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHorizontal gene transfer via plasmids is important for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among medically relevant pathogens. Specifically, the transfer of IncHI1A plasmids is believed to facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes, such as carbapenemases, within the clinically important family Enterobacteriaceae. The microbial community of urban wastewater treatment plants has been shown to be highly permissive towards conjugal transfer of IncP1 plasmids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacteria commonly live in spatially structured biofilm assemblages, which are encased by an extracellular matrix. Metabolic activity of the cells inside biofilms causes gradients in local environmental conditions, which leads to the emergence of physiologically differentiated subpopulations. Information about the properties and spatial arrangement of such metabolic subpopulations, as well as their interaction strength and interaction length scales are lacking, even for model systems like colony biofilms grown on agar-solidified media.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe arms race between (bacterio)phages and their hosts is a recognised hot spot for genome evolution. Indeed, phages and their components have historically paved the way for many molecular biology techniques and biotech applications. Further exploration into their complex lifestyles has revealed that phages are often parasitised by distinct types of hyperparasitic mobile genetic elements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe first general excitation level implementation of the time-dependent vibrational coupled cluster (TDVCC) method introduced in a recent publication [J. Chem. Phys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe develop time-dependent vibrational coupled cluster with time-dependent modals (TDMVCC), where an active set of one-mode basis functions (modals) is evolved in time alongside coupled-cluster wave-function parameters. A biorthogonal second quantization formulation of many-mode dynamics is introduced, allowing separate biorthogonal bases for the bra and ket states, thus ensuring complex analyticity. We employ the time-dependent bivariational principle to derive equations of motion for both the one-mode basis functions and the parameters describing the cluster (T) and linear de-excitation (L) operators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a new in situ synthesis method effective for discovery of high-oxidation-state materials using laser-heated diamond anvil cells. The issue of chemical reduction during thermally induced phase transitions that occur spontaneously in a noble gas pressure transmitting media (PTM) can be overcome by thermal decomposition of an oxygen-rich solid PTM (NaCl + NaClO). To illustrate the technical challenges the method overcomes, we applied this new method for two known pentavalent ABO postperovskite compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Treatment of multi-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer represents a clinical challenge with limited choices. Anti-angiogenic therapy has shown great potential in combination with frontline-therapy. Studies investigating heavily pre-treated patients are few.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor the first time, equations are derived for computing stationary vibrational states with extended vibrational coupled cluster (EVCC) and for propagating nuclear wave packets using time-dependent EVCC (TDEVCC). Expressions for energies, properties, and auto-correlation functions are given. For TDEVCC, convergence toward the ground state for imaginary-time propagation is shown, as well as separability in the case of non-interacting subsystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) for large molecular systems is a complicated task due to the inherent exponential scaling of the problem. One of the most successful and versatile methods for obtaining numerically converged solutions for small to medium-sized systems is multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH). In a recent publication [ , , 084101] we introduced a hierarchy of approximations to the MCTDH method which mitigate the exponential scaling by truncating the configuration space based on a maximum excitation level w.
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