Benthic habitat selection in juvenile European eel Anguilla anguilla: implications for coastal habitat management and restoration.

The critically endangered European eel Anguilla anguilla is dependent on suitable habitat qualities over a vast geographic area. Even though a significant proportion of the population never enters fresh water, the preferred benthic habitat is largely unknown in the marine environment. Examining substratum selection in A.

High source levels and small active space of high-pitched song in bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus).

The low-frequency, powerful vocalizations of blue and fin whales may potentially be detected by conspecifics across entire ocean basins. In contrast, humpback and bowhead whales produce equally powerful, but more complex broadband vocalizations composed of higher frequencies that suffer from higher attenuation. Here we evaluate the active space of high frequency song notes of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in Western Greenland using measurements of song source levels and ambient noise.

Evidence for simultaneous sound production in the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus).

Simultaneous production of two harmonically independent sounds, the two-voice phenomenon, is a well-known feature in bird song. Some toothed whales can click and whistle simultaneously, and a few studies have also reported simultaneous sound production by baleen whales. The mechanism for sound production in toothed whales has been largely uncovered within the last three decades, whereas mechanism for sound production in baleen whales remains poorly understood.