Historical Perspective on Lung Cancer Screening.

Lung cancer represents a large burden on society with a staggering incidence and mortality rate that has steadily increased until recently. The impetus to design an effective screening program for the deadliest cancer in the United States and worldwide began in 1950. It has taken more than 50 years of numerous clinical trials and continued persistence to arrive at the development of modern-day screening program.

Quantitative myocardial T2 mapping adds value to Japanese circulation society diagnostic criteria for active cardiac sarcoidosis.

Noninvasive identification of active myocardial inflammation in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis plays a key role in management but remains elusive. T2 mapping is a proposed solution, but the added value of quantitative myocardial T2 mapping for active cardiac sarcoidosis is unknown. Retrospective cohort analysis of 56 sequential patients with biopsy-confirmed extracardiac sarcoidosis who underwent cardiac MRI for myocardial T2 mapping.

Computed Tomography Assessment of Gastric Band Slippage.

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate reliable computed tomography (CT) imaging criteria for the diagnosis of gastric band slippage.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 67 patients for gastric band slippage using CT. Of these, 14 had surgically proven gastric band slippage (study group), 22 had their gastric bands removed for reasons other than slippage (control group 1), and 31 did not require removal (control group 2).

Diagnostic accuracy and performance of artificial intelligence in measuring left atrial volumes and function on multiphasic CT in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for fully automated measurement of left atrial (LA) volumes and function using cardiac CT in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: We included 79 patients (mean age 63 ± 12 years; 35 with atrial fibrillation (AF) and 44 controls) between 2017 and 2020 in this retrospective study. Images were analyzed by a trained AI algorithm and an expert radiologist.

Tumor burden of lung metastases at initial staging in breast cancer patients detected by artificial intelligence as a prognostic tool for precision medicine.

Background: Determination of the total number and size of all pulmonary metastases on chest CT is time-consuming and as such has been understudied as an independent metric for disease assessment. A novel artificial intelligence (AI) model may allow for automated detection, size determination, and quantification of the number of pulmonary metastases on chest CT.

Objective: To investigate the utility of a novel AI program applied to initial staging chest CT in breast cancer patients in risk assessment of mortality and survival.

Added value of iodine-specific imaging and virtual non-contrast imaging for gastrointestinal assessment using dual-energy computed tomography.

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has become increasingly available and can be readily incorporated into clinical practice. Although DECT can provide a wide variety of spectral imaging reconstructions, most clinically valuable information is available from a limited number of standard image reconstructions including virtual non-contrast and iodine overlay. The combination of these standard reconstructions can be used for specific diagnostic tasks that provide added value over traditional CT protocols.

Antiseptic-Mediated Colloid Labeling as a Potential Source of Abnormal Liver and Spleen Uptake with Tc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid.

Altered biodistribution can be a source of diagnostic error in the interpretation of nuclear medicine studies. This case reports an instance of increased liver and spleen uptake with Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid believed to be a result of chlorhexidine-mediated colloid labeling. This finding underscores the principle that certain constituents of antiseptics may adversely affect the purity of radiopharmaceuticals during their preparation.

Automated detection of lung nodules and coronary artery calcium using artificial intelligence on low-dose CT scans for lung cancer screening: accuracy and prognostic value.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic radiology is undergoing rapid development. Its potential utility to improve diagnostic performance for cardiopulmonary events is widely recognized, but the accuracy and precision have yet to be demonstrated in the context of current screening modalities. Here, we present findings on the performance of an AI convolutional neural network (CNN) prototype (AI-RAD Companion, Siemens Healthineers) that automatically detects pulmonary nodules and quantifies coronary artery calcium volume (CACV) on low-dose chest CT (LDCT), and compare results to expert radiologists.

Mapping the Ultrasound Landscape to Define Point-of-Care Ultrasound and Diagnostic Ultrasound: A Proposal From the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound and ACR Commission on Ultrasound.

Current descriptions of ultrasound evaluations, including use of the term "point-of-care ultrasound" (POCUS), are imprecise because they are predicated on distinctions based on the device used to obtain images, the location where the images were obtained, the provider who obtained the images, or the focus of the examination. This is confusing because it does not account for more meaningful distinctions based on the setting, comprehensiveness, and completeness of the evaluation. In this article, the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound and the members of the American College of Radiology Ultrasound Commission articulate a map of the ultrasound landscape that divides sonographic evaluations into four distinct categories on the basis of setting, comprehensiveness, and completeness.

Predictive value of initial imaging and staging with long-term outcomes in young adults diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate how initial abdominopelvic CT findings and staging correlate with outcomes in a cohort of patients aged 18-40 years.

Methods: We evaluated all young adult patients at a single tertiary center diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed CRC who also had CT of the abdomen and pelvis at the time of initial diagnosis. Demographics, symptoms, CT findings, staging, treatments, and outcomes at 1 year and 5 years were recorded.

The use of MRI digital subtraction technique in the diagnosis of traumatic pancreatic injury.

Traumatic pancreatic injuries are relatively uncommon in the setting of trauma, however, early detection of these injuries can alter patient management and overall prognosis. Computed tomography is the first line imaging modality in major trauma. Because failure to recognize pancreatic or main pancreatic duct injuries can lead to mismanagement, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be a useful adjunct study in appropriate patients.

Colonic metastasis from infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma in a male patient: A case report.

Introduction: A colonic metastasis from infiltrating breast ductal carcinoma is a rare phenomenon in the literature, especially in a male.

Presentation Of Case: We present a rare case of a 55-year-old male with a past medical history of breast cancer who presented with signs and symptoms of appendicitis. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed acute appendicitis in addition to a 2.

Pretreatment 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Standardized Uptake Values and Tumor Size in Medically Inoperable Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Is Prognostic of Overall 2-Year Survival After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine prognostic value of tumor size and metabolic activity on survival for patients with early stage nonsmall cell lung cancer receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the patients who underwent positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan before stereotactic body radiation therapy treatment. Tumor diameter, tumor volume, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), standardized uptake value (SUV) average, and SUV volume were obtained.

Diagnosis of abnormally invasive posterior placentation: the role of MR imaging.

Abnormally invasive placentation is becoming more common with a recent increase in cesarean sections and maternal age, among other risk factors. Ultrasonography is the first line-imaging, but it can be difficult to diagnose when limiting factors are present. Failure to recognize this serious placental abnormality precludes us from making the appropriate plan for the delivery and consequently can lead to fatal results.