Characterization of colonization of macrophages under distinct polarization states and nutrients environment.

is a uniquely adapted human pathogen and the etiological agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease. has developed numerous mechanisms to avoid and actively suppress innate and adaptive immune responses. successfully colonizes and establishes topologically distinct colonies in human macrophages and avoids phagocytic killing.

Characterization of colonization of macrophages under distinct polarization states and nutrients environment.

is a uniquely adapted human pathogen and the etiological agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease. has developed numerous mechanisms to avoid and actively suppress innate and adaptive immune responses. successfully colonizes and establishes topologically distinct colonies in human macrophages and avoids phagocytic killing.