Drug-induced musical hallucination.

Musical hallucination is a rare perceptual phenomenon wherein individuals hear music in the absence of external auditory stimuli. This phenomenon occurs across diverse medical conditions and can be triggered by some drugs. The underlying mechanism of drug-induced hallucination is unknown.

Systematic evidence mapping of potential correlates of exposure for per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) based on measured occurrence in biomatrices and surveys of dietary consumption and product use.

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely observed in environmental media and often are found in indoor environments as well as personal-care and consumer products. Humans may be exposed through water, food, indoor dust, air, and the use of PFAS-containing products. Information about relationships between PFAS exposure sources and pathways and the amounts found in human biomatrices can inform source-contribution assessments and provide targets for exposure reduction.

Retrospective review of the toxicities and change in dosing patterns for pegaspargase in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma.

Introduction: Pegaspargase (PEG) is a key component of standard regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL) and extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). Emerging evidence suggests an opportunity to decrease incidence of PEG-associated toxicities with dose capping, but evidence is limited. This study aims to evaluate whether a significant difference in PEG-associated toxicities related to dosing strategy exists and to identify patient-specific or regimen-specific factors for PEG-related toxicity.

The role of pharmacist in community palliative care-a scoping review.

Objectives: Dynamic and adaptive services that provide timely access to care are pivotal to ensuring patients with palliative needs experience high-quality care. Patients who have palliative care needs may require symptomatic relief with medicines and, therefore, may engage with community pharmacists frequently. However, there is limited evidence for pharmacists' involvement in community palliative care models.

Evidence for an event-integration window: A cognitive temporal window supports flexible integration of multimodal events.

Just as the perception of simple events such as clapping hands requires a linkage of sound with movements that produce the sound, the integration of more complex events such as describing how to give an injection requires a linkage between the instructor's utterances and their actions. However, the mechanism for integrating these complex multimodal events is unclear. For example, it is possible that predictive temporal relationships are important for multimodal event understanding, but it is also possible that this form of understanding arises more from meaningful causal between-event links that are temporally unspecified.

Assessing community pharmacy services in health professional shortage areas across Wisconsin.

Background: Primary care health professional shortage areas (HPSAs) lack sufficient primary care providers to meet their health care needs, which contributes to worse health outcomes within underserved populations. Community pharmacies are commonly located in HPSAs and provide nondispensing services that can help address unmet health care needs. However, there is limited data on the nature, scope, and reimbursement for community pharmacy services.

When searching helps you see: Bridging the gap between incidental and intentional change detection.

Participants in incidental change detection studies often miss large changes to visually salient or conceptually relevant objects such as actor substitutions across video cuts, but there are competing explanations of why participants fail to detect these changes. According to an integrative processing account, object-based attention typically induces integrated representation and comparison processes sufficient to detect changes to that object. On this view, participants miss changes in incidental paradigms because those paradigms fail to elicit the level of attention necessary to trigger integrated representation and comparison processes.

Mechanism underlying follicular hyperproliferation and oncogenesis in hidradenitis suppurativa.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a skin disorder that causes chronic painful inflammation and hyperproliferation, often with the comorbidity of invasive keratoacanthoma (KA). Our research, employing high-resolution immunofluorescence and data science approaches together with confirmatory molecular analysis, has identified that the 5'-cap-dependent protein translation regulatory complex eIF4F is a key factor in the development of HS and is responsible for regulating follicular hyperproliferation. Specifically, eIF4F translational targets, Cyclin D1 and c-MYC, orchestrate the development of HS-associated KA.

Role of hair follicles in the pathogenesis of arsenical-induced cutaneous damage.

Arsenical vesicants cause skin inflammation, blistering, and pain. The lack of appropriate animal models causes difficulty in defining their molecular pathogenesis. Here, Ptch1 /C57BL/6 mice were employed to investigate the pathobiology of the arsenicals lewisite and phenylarsine oxide (PAO).

Hepatitis C Virus Reflex Testing Protocol in an Emergency Department.

Introduction: Our aim was to measure hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening and linkage-to-care rates in an urban emergency department (ED) before and after implementing an HCV viral RNA (vRNA) reflex testing protocol within a HCV screening program for at-risk patients. Our hypothesis was that using a reflex testing protocol would increase HCV testing rates of at-risk patients in the ED, which would increase the linkage-to-care rate.

Methods: In August 2018, our institution implemented an automated, electronic health record-based HCV screening protocol in the ED for at-risk patients.

Ex Vivo Culture Models of Hidradenitis Suppurativa for Defining Molecular Pathogenesis and Treatment Efficacy of Novel Drugs.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a complex and debilitating inflammatory skin disease for which no effective treatment is available currently. This is partly because of the lack of adequate human or animal models for defining the pathobiology of the disease. Here, we describe the development of air-liquid (A-L) interface, liquid-submersion (L-S), and bioreactor (Bio) ex vivo skin culture models.

A Functional Precision Medicine Pipeline Combines Comparative Transcriptomics and Tumor Organoid Modeling to Identify Bespoke Treatment Strategies for Glioblastoma.

Li Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations in TP53. TP53 is the most common mutated gene in human cancer, occurring in 30-50% of glioblastomas (GBM). Here, we highlight a precision medicine platform to identify potential targets for a GBM patient with LFS.

Occupational health outcomes among sanitation workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sanitation workers are essential to global public health and societal wellbeing. However, the health risks and outcomes associated with exposure to occupational risk factors among sanitation workers are neither well understood nor well quantified. We undertook a systematic review to (1) identify occupational risk factors among sanitation workers and (2) assess the effect of occupational exposure to human fecal sludge and wastewater on selected health outcomes among these workers.

Genomic and Transcriptomic Profiling of Brain Metastases.

Brain metastases (BM) are the most common brain tumors in adults occurring in up to 40% of all cancer patients. Multi-omics approaches allow for understanding molecular mechanisms and identification of markers with prognostic significance. In this study, we profile 130 BM using genomics and transcriptomics and correlate molecular characteristics to clinical parameters.

Pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy for previously irradiated tumors in the brain and spine.

Background: Patients with unresectable locoregional cancer recurrences have limited management options. Reirradiation increases the risk of toxicity, particularly when perilesional dose-volume constraints are exceeded. We present and discuss two cases of previously irradiated tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) that was reirradiated using the pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy (PRDR) technique.

Presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in proliferating and involuting infantile hemangiomas.

Background: Studies in the literature have demonstrated the presence of sex hormone receptors in infantile hemangiomas (IHs), but further investigation is needed to determine the role of these receptors in their proliferation and involution. To date, there are no studies in the literature that aimed to quantitatively examine the expression of sex hormone receptors throughout the different phases of hemangioma development.

Objective: The objective of our study was to quantitatively evaluate the expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in the proliferative and involuting phases of IHs through the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Brain Tumor Biobank Development for Precision Medicine: Role of the Neurosurgeon.

Neuro-oncology biobanks are critical for the implementation of a precision medicine program. In this perspective, we review our first year experience of a brain tumor biobank with integrated next generation sequencing. From our experience, we describe the critical role of the neurosurgeon in diagnosis, research, and precision medicine efforts.

Lactobacillus rescues postnatal neurobehavioral and microglial dysfunction in a model of maternal microbiome dysbiosis.

Increasing reports of pregnancy events leading to maternal microbiome dysbiosis (MMD) show strong correlates with atypical neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the mechanism(s) driving microbiome-mediated behavioral dysfunction in offspring remain understudied. Here, we demonstrate the presence of a novel gut commensal bacterium strain, Lactobacillus murinus HU-1, was sufficient to rescue behavioral deficits and brain region-specific microglial activationobserved in MMD-reared murine offspring.

Abnormal elastin and collagen deposition is present in extracranial arteriovenous malformations: A comparison to intracranial disease.

Background: Vascular malformations are characterized by anomalous vascular channels with fragile walls and a propensity to bleed. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in particular have disorganized vascular spaces with intervening fibrosis. Characterization of the structural abnormalities of these vessels has not been comprehensively evaluated.

Retinoic acid receptor gamma impacts cellular adhesion, Alpha5Beta1 integrin expression and proliferation in K562 cells.

The interplay between cellular adhesion and proliferation is complex; however, integrins, particularly the α5β1 subset, play a pivotal role in orchestrating critical cellular signals that culminate in cellular adhesion and growth. Retinoids modify the expression of a variety of adhesive/proliferative signaling proteins including α5β1 integrins; however, the role of specific retinoic acid receptors involved in these processes has not been elucidated. In this study, the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonists on K562 cellular adhesion, proliferation, and α5β1 integrin cell surface expression was investigated.

Privileged scaffolds for blocking protein-protein interactions: 1,4-disubstituted naphthalene antagonists of transcription factor complex HOX-PBX/DNA.

Structure-based-design studies, with the crystal structure of the HOXB1-PBX1/DNA transcription factor complex, were used to identify 1,4-disubstituted naphthalenes as potential antagonists. An initial library of 32 analogs was synthesized, two of which were found to be more potent than the reported activity for a 12 amino acid peptide antagonist. Antagonists were also identified of the related BRN1/DNA and BRN2/DNA transcription factor complexes indicating that a 1,4-disubstituted naphthalene may be a privileged scaffold for preparing screening libraries targeting this family of transcription factor complexes.