Breaching Confidentiality in Genetic and Non-Genetic Cases: Two Problematic Distinctions.

Ethical questions about confidentiality arise when patients refuse to inform relatives who are at risk of a genetic condition. Specifically, healthcare providers may struggle with the permissibility of breaching confidentiality to warn patients' at-risk relatives. In exploring this issue, several authors have converged around the idea that genetic cases differ from non-genetic cases (e.

Test-takers' perspectives on consumer genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk.

Purpose: With few exceptions, research on consumer genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk has focused on tests with limited predictive value and clinical utility. Our study advances the existing literature by exploring the experiences and behaviors of individuals who have taken modern consumer genetic tests for cancer susceptibility that, unlike earlier tests, screen for medically significant variants.

Methods: We interviewed 30 individuals who had undergone consumer genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk between 2014 and 2019.

Evaluating Web-Based Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests for Cancer Susceptibility.

Purpose: Recent years have seen direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing for cancer susceptibility change dramatically. For one, a new model now dominates the market where tests are advertised to consumers but ordered by physicians. For another, many of today's tests are distinguished from earlier DTC offerings for cancer susceptibility by their scope and potential clinical significance.

Dying at home of Covid-19: Meeting the need for home-based care.

Despite the increased burden of Covid-19 on older adults, ethical and public health frameworks lack adequate guidance for elderly patients who manage severe, even fatal, illness at home. The U.S.

In vitro fertilisation with preimplantation genetic testing: the need for expanded insurance coverage.

Technological advances in genetic testing have enabled prospective parents to learn about their risk of passing a genetic condition to their future children. One option for those who want to ensure that their biological children do not inherit a genetic condition is to create embryos through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and use a technique called preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to screen embryos for genetic abnormalities before implantation. Unfortunately, due to its high cost, IVF-with-PGT is out of reach for the vast majority of Americans.

Longitudinal follow-up after telephone disclosure in the randomized COGENT study.

Purpose: To better understand the longitudinal risks and benefits of telephone disclosure of genetic test results in the era of multigene panel testing.

Methods: Adults who were proceeding with germline cancer genetic testing were randomized to telephone disclosure (TD) with a genetic counselor or in-person disclosure (IPD) (i.e.

The Need to Improve the Clinical Utility of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests: Either Too Narrow or Too Broad.

genetic testing for disease susceptibility is largely dominated by 2 extremes—narrow tests that only screen for a few variants and broad tests that include dozens of genes. These tests may lack clinical utility for consumers wanting to understand their disease risks. In the context of genetic testing, clinical utility refers to the ability of a test to generate results that can be used to reduce morbidity and mortality through the adoption of medical management strategies, including screening and surgery.

When variants are reclassified-the importance of personalized communication.

Thinking the e-mail was a system error, she almost didn’t learn that her genetic test result had been revised. With the advent of commercial genomic screening, who is ethically responsible for communicating variant reclassification?

Genetic Privacy, Disease Prevention, and the Principle of Rescue.

Suppose that you have deeply personal information that you do not want to share. Further suppose that this information could help others, perhaps even saving their lives. Should you reveal the information or keep it secret? With the increasing prevalence of genetic testing, more and more people are finding themselves in this situation.