Predicting Cognitive Functioning, Activities of Daily Living, and Participation 6 Months after Mild to Moderate Stroke.

Objective: Predicting neurocognitive and functional outcomes in stroke is an important clinical task, especially in rehabilitation settings. We assessed acute predictors of cognitive and functional outcomes 6 months after mild to moderate stroke.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of acute clinical data and 6-month follow-up telephone interviews for 498 mild to moderate stroke patients.

Left caudal middle frontal gray matter volume mediates the effect of age on self-initiated elaborative encoding strategies.

Aging is associated with decreased self-initiated use of effective elaborative encoding strategies. Little is currently known regarding what factors drive age differences in self-initiated encoding strategies. The present research investigated whether age differences in prefrontal gray matter integrity contribute to age differences in self-initiated elaborative encoding strategies.

Parents Perceive Improvements in Socio-emotional Functioning in Adolescents with ASD Following Social Skills Treatment.

The current study examined the effectiveness of a social skills treatment (PEERS) for improving socio-emotional competencies in a sample of high-functioning adolescents with ASD. Neuropsychological and self- and parent-report measures assessing social, emotional, and behavioral functioning were administered before and after treatment. Following social skills treatment, adolescents with ASD exhibited decreased aggression, anxiety, and withdrawal, as well as improvements in emotional responsiveness, adaptability, leadership, and participation in activities of daily living, though no change was found in affect recognition abilities.

The effect of premorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on neuropsychological functioning in individuals with acute mild traumatic brain injuries.

Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a frequent, yet undertreated condition that typically manifests with transient neurological and cognitive symptoms that resolve over the course of several weeks. In contrast, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that presents initially in childhood but often persists into adulthood. mTBI and ADHD include overlapping symptomatology, making it difficult for clinicians to disentangle the sequelae of each condition when they co-occur in the same individual.