Amide groups in 3.7 billion years old liquid inclusions.

Carbon with depleted dC (down to - 25.6‰ VPDB) found in > 3.7 billion year old metamorphic sediments from the Isua Supracrustal Belt, Southwestern Greenland, has been proposed to represent the oldest remains of life on Earth.

Upgrading and Enhancement of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate with Chain Extenders: In-Depth Material Characterization.

Chemical chain extenders (CEs) can be used to restore the properties of recycled low-molecular-weight polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the type and concentration of the CEs Joncryl and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) on the viscosity and other rheological properties with a unique combination of different methods based on industrial samples originating from recycled PET bottles and trays. The resulting chain-extended thermoplastics were characterized by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, viscometry, cone plate rheometry, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy, C solid-state- and H NMR liquid spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography.

Electrochemical Degradation of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Future Applications of Inflammation Sensing in Cochlear Implants.

After cochlear implant (CI) insertion, there is a possibility of postoperative inflammation, which may involve proinflammatory markers such as interleukin-6. Detecting this inflammation promptly is crucial for administering anti-inflammatory drugs, if required. One potential method for detecting inflammation is using molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs).

The influence of sample mass (scaling effect) on the synthesis and structure of non-graphitizing carbon (biochar) during the analytical pyrolysis of biomass.

The porous non-graphitizing carbon (NGC) known as biochar is derived from the pyrolytic conversion of organic precursors and is widely investigated due to its multifunctional applications. At present, biochar is predominantly synthesized in custom lab-scale reactors (LSRs) to determine the properties of carbon, while a thermogravimetric reactor (TG) is utilized for pyrolysis characterization. This results in inconsistencies in the correlation between the structure of biochar carbon and the pyrolysis process.

Thermal and Mechanical Properties of the Recycled and Virgin PET-Part I.

In various countries, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) represents one of the plastics with a very high recycling rate. Since currently there is no analytical method enabling direct distinction between recycled PET (rPET) and virgin PET (vPET), there are various attempts to differentiate these materials indirectly. One of these approaches claims that the recycling of PET leads to polymer chain degradation, which is reflected in changed thermal, mechanical and crystalline properties, and testing of these properties can therefore be used to distinguish rPET and vPET.