Bombax ceiba calyx displays antihyperglycemic activity via improving insulin secretion and sensitivity: Identification of bioactive phytometabolomes by UPLC-QTof-MS/MS.

Vegetables are considered good food for the management of hyperglycemia. Bombax ceiba L. (family: Bombacaceae) calyces are part of traditional vegetables.

Silver Prussian Blue Analogue Nanoparticles: Rationally Designed Advanced Nanomedicine for Multifunctional Biomedical Applications.

The development of simple, cost-effective, and advanced multifunctional technology is the need of the hour to combat cancer as well as bacterial infections. There have been reports of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), silver salts, and Prussian blue (PB) being used for medicinal purposes which are clinically approved. In this context, in the present communication, we incorporated PB and silver salts (silver nitrate) to develop silver PB analogue nanoparticles (SPBANPs), a new nanomedicine formulation as a safer and effective mode of treatment strategy (2-in-1) for both cancer and bacterial infections.

Amphetamine decorated cationic lipid nanoparticles cross the blood-brain barrier: therapeutic promise for combating glioblastoma.

Combating brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme or GBM) is a formidable challenge because of the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB), a tight cellular junction that separates the central nervous system (CNS) and systemic circulation. Such a selectively permeable barrier prevents the entry of therapeutic molecules from blood circulation to brain parenchyma. Towards enhancing the efficacy of brain tumor-selective drug delivery without perturbing the BBB integrity, nanometric drug carriers are increasingly becoming an efficient therapeutic modality in preclinical studies.

Synthesis of some novel orsellinates and lecanoric acid related depsides as -glucosidase inhibitors.

Sixteen novel orsellinic esters () along with four lecanoric acid related depsides (3) were synthesized and confirmed their structures by spectroscopic data (H, C & HRMS). The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their -glucosidase () inhibitory potential. Among the tested compounds, (IC: 140.

Combating Established Mouse Glioblastoma through Nicotinylated-Liposomes-Mediated Targeted Chemotherapy in Combination with Dendritic-Cell-Based Genetic Immunization.

Accomplishing significantly enhanced overall survivability (OS) remains a formidable challenge in combating glioblastoma. The presence of the blood-brain barrier acts as the major biological barrier in delivering drugs to the brain. Herein, liposomal formulations of two novel nicotinylated amphiphiles are reported for targeting potent anticancer drugs to orthotopic mouse glioblastoma.

Free radical scavenging, α-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory constituents from Indian sedges, R.Br and L.

Background: R. Br and L are widely used in ayurvedic preparation for the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. The early literature, so far, does not indicate the presence of any bioactive principle isolated from these plants.

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Monodispersed Gold Nanoparticles: Toxicity Study, Delivery of Doxorubicin and Its Bio-Distribution in Mouse Model.

In the present article, we report the in vitro and in vivo delivery of doxorubicin using biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (b-Au-PP). Gold nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple, fast, efficient, environmentally friendly and economical green chemistry approach using an extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum (PP) leaves. Because the biosynthesized b-Au-PP was highly stable in various physiological buffers for several weeks and biocompatible in both in vitro and in vivo systems, we designed and developed a biosynthesized gold nanoparticle (b-Au-PP)-based drug-delivery system (DDS) using doxorubicin (Dox) (b-Au-PP-Dox).

Dosakaya Juice Assuages Development of Sucrose Induced Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Imbalance in Antioxidant Defense.

Objective: The objective was to explore the effect of Dosakaya (DK) (Cucumis melo var. chito) juice on sucrose induced dysglycemia and disturbances in antioxidant defense in rats.

Materials And Methods: Rats were preconditioned with DK juice before administration of sucrose beverage continuously for 1-month.

Mitigation of starch-induced postprandial glycemic spikes in rats by antioxidants-rich extract of Cicer arietinum Linn. seeds and sprouts.

Introduction: Consumption of highly processed calories dense diet leads abrupt increase in postprandial blood glucose level, which in turn induces immediate oxidative stress. Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) and resultant oxidative stress is one of the earliest detectable abnormalities in diabetes prone individuals, independent risk factor for development of cardiovascular disorders (CVD), a major pathophysiological link between diabetes and CVD and an important contributing factor in atherogenesis even in non-diabetic individuals. Therefore, dietary supplements mitigating PPHG spikes along with potent antioxidant activities may help decrease development of PPHG and oxidative stress induced pathogenesis.

Mitigation of starch and glucose-induced postprandial glycemic excursion in rats by antioxidant-rich green-leafy vegetables' juice.

Objective: Consumption of green-leafy vegetables is being advocated beneficial for type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals possibly because they are cost effective source of potent biological antioxidants. This research analyzed various phytochemicals, free radicals scavenging antioxidant potentials and starch digesting enzymes inhibitory activities in fresh juice of nine green-leafy vegetables. Furthermore, this study also investigated influence of these vegetables juice on starch and glucose induced postprandial glycemic load.

Attenuation of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and hepatic oxidative stress by resveratrol in fructose-fed rats.

Metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress are common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was designed to determine whether resveratrol, a widely used nutritional supplement, can improve insulin sensitivity, metabolic complication as well as hepatic oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (180-200 g) were divided into four groups with 8 animals each.

Anti-inflammatory potential of thienopyridines as possible alternative to NSAIDs.

The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of the new synthetic thienopyridine analogs. The anti-inflammatory activity of thienopyridines was assayed by using carrageenan; dextran and arachidonic acid induced paw edema models (acute), cotton pellet granuloma model (Sub acute) and Freund's complete adjuvant induced arthritis (chronic) in experimental rats. The compounds BN-4, BN-14 and BN-16 have shown significant inhibition of edema in carrageenan and arachidonic acid induced paw edema model at a dose of 100mg/kg compared to the dextran induced paw edema model and also showed significant inhibition in granuloma tissue formation and Freund's complete adjuvant induced arthritis in experimental rats.

Influence of antioxidant rich fresh vegetable juices on starch induced postprandial hyperglycemia in rats.

This research analyzed the major chemical components and multiple antioxidant activities present in the fresh juice of eight vegetables, and studied their influence on starch induced postprandial glycemia in rats. A SDS-PAGE based protein fingerprint of each vegetable juice was also prepared. The yields of juice, chemical components like total proteins, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and free radicals like the ABTS˙(+) cation, DPPH, H(2)O(2), scavenging activities and reducing properties for NBT and FeCl(3) showed wide variations.

alpha-Glucosidase inhibitory antihyperglycemic activity of substituted chromenone derivatives.

Series of 3,4- and 3,6-disubstituted chromenones including new chromenone derivatives were synthesized applying various synthetic strategies including Pechmann condensation, Knoevenagel condensation, Reimer-Tiemann reaction and Suzuki coupling in very good yields. Synthesized compounds (4a-z) were screened for in vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. Majority of compounds displayed varying degrees of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and DPPH scavenging activity.

New furanoflavanoids, intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and free-radical (DPPH) scavenging, activity from antihyperglycemic root extract of Derris indica (Lam.).

A bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical examination of antihyperglycemic root extract of Derris indica resulted in isolation and characterization of two new furanoflavanoids (1, 2) along with thirteen known compounds (3-15). Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR) data analysis and by comparison with the literature data. All the compounds were tested in vitro for intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and DPPH radical activity.

To catheterise or not to catheterise: study in hip and knee primary arthroplasty.

This cross sectional study examines the rate of catheterisation of patients after elective primary hip and knee arthroplasty in an English district general hospital. 50 patients were included in this study, with 19 (37%) being catheterised pre-operatively. Of the remainder, 10 went into retention and had to be catheterised, while the other 21 were managed without a catheter.

Single subcutaneous administration of RGDK-lipopeptide:rhPDGF-B gene complex heals wounds in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Development of effective therapeutics for chronic wounds remains a formidable clinical challenge. Deficiency of growth factors is of paramount importance among the multitude of factors contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetic wounds. Clinical interest has been witnessed in the past for exogenous applications of platelet derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) in chronic nonhealing wounds.