Prevalence and predictors of suboptimal peak inspiratory flow rates in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the role of peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) in the management of inhalation therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine at a tertiary care institute from July 2021 to January 2022, this study included a total of 351 patients who were clinically diagnosed with stable COPD and currently receiving inhaler therapy. Participants underwent comprehensive assessments that included demographic data collection, the use of the ABCD assessment tool to evaluate disease severity, the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) for quality of life measurement, and assessments for adherence to inhaler therapy and inhaler technique proficiency.

Exploring the role of Aspergillus galactomannan antigen in assessing the risk factor of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a cross-sectional study.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by permanent airflow obstruction due to abnormalities of the airways and alveoli. This study investigated the potential role of Aspergillus species in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) and evaluated the diagnostic utility of serum Aspergillus galactomannan antigen. This cross-sectional study, carried out at the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research from January 2021 to June 2022, involved COPD patients aged ≥40 years.

Can combined non-invasive methods improve diagnosis of lung cancer?

Background: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy in both gender. Early diagnosis is needed to reduce morbidity and mortality. There is a debate about the most accurate investigating modality for the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Fungal pneumonia concealing bacterial pneumonia: a diagnostic dilemma.

We describe the case of a 61-year-old diabetic man affected by Achromobacter denitrificans. He was immunocompetent and did not have any past history of chronic lung disease. The patient was treated with sensitive antibiotic meropenem 1 g, three times daily.

Active Case Finding for Tuberculosis among Health Care Workers in a Teaching Hospital, Puducherry, India.

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of acquiring tuberculosis (TB) infection and disease due to occupational exposure. But there are no national guidelines on routine screening for TB (active case finding (ACF)) among HCWs and understand its implementation and feasibility.

Methods: This study was conducted among HCWs in a teaching hospital in India.

All necrotizing nodes are not tuberculosis - A report of two cases.

Introduction: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a benign and self-limiting systemic disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by fever, superficial lymphadenopathy and leukopenia. In highly endemic & low-resource country like India, it is frequently misdiagnosed as tuberculosis.

Case Report: Both the cases were diagnosed as necrotizing lymphadenitis by fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Comparison of efficacy of autologous blood patch pleurodesis versus doxycycline pleurodesis in the management of persistent air leak in patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. A randomized control trial.

Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) patients sometimes have a persistent air leak (PAL) that leads to increased morbidity and increased hospital stay. Further, these patients also need pleurodesis to prevent a recurrence. Autologous blood patch pleurodesis (ABPP) has been successfully tried in post lobectomy air leak cases.

Pulmonary melioidosis complicating foreign body aspiration in a young adult.

Melioidosis is caused by an environmental Gram-negative bacilli . Diabetes mellitus, occupational exposure to soil and water, pre-existing renal diseases and thalassemia are significant independent risk factors for melioidosis. A 30-year-old male carpenter and smoker had a history of accidental aspiration of foreign body 2 months prior.

Varied foci of primary benign schwannoma of the thorax: a case series.

Schwannomas are the most common tumor of peripheral nerves. It comprises 1 to 2% of total thoracic tumor. Posterior mediastinum is the most common site in thorax.

Streptomyces pneumonia in an immunocompetent adult - a rare isolate.

Streptomyces belongs to the Actinomycetes group of bacteria which are gram-positive non acid-fast bacilli, widely recognised for their potential to produce antimicrobials active against bacterial, mycobacterial, parasitic and fungal infections. They commonly cause cutaneous infections following traumatic inoculation. Visceral infections are relatively rare and limited to immunocompro-mised hosts.

HIV status among presumptive tuberculosis cases attending tertiary care centre in South India.

Introduction: In India, to increase human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) case detection, the National Technical Working Group on TB /HIV had made it mandatory to screen for HIV infection among presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases.

Material And Methods: Our study was a cross-sectional study, conducted between June 2015 and December 2016 in a tertiary care institute (JIPMER), in South India, to estimate the prevalence of HIV among presumptive TB cases.

Results: Among the 964 presumptive TB cases who attended pulmonary medicine OPD, 189 patients were sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive.

Clinical, Radiological and Bacteriological Profile of Lung Abscess - An Observational Hospital Based Study.

Background: The incidence of lung abscess acquired in the community is unknown, but this is a common clinical problem encountered in developing countries. The incidence of lung abscess was high in the pre-antibiotic era but the advent of susceptible antibiotics it has reduced with an equal fall in mortality to 8.7%.

Arthritis in sarcoidosis: A multicentric study from India.

Introduction: Ten to 15% of patients with sarcoidosis have associated arthritis. Chronic arthritis is fairly uncommon. There is a paucity of data on articular manifestations of the disease from India.

Filarial breast lump.

Lymphatic filariasis is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring scourges among all diseases. This report presents a case of a woman with recurrent breast nodularity after being previously operated for a suspected breast neoplasm. We would like to highlight the issue of similar clinical presentation of a filarial breast lump and other breast lesions leading to inappropriate therapy.

Breast filariasis or inflammatory breast carcinoma? Reaching a diagnosis.

Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the parasite Wuchereria bancrofti. Involvement of the breast is relatively uncommon and may affect only 10% of individuals with lymphatic filariasis. We present a case of an elderly woman with breast pathology.