Emerging perspectives on 3D printed bioreactors for clinical translation of engineered and bioprinted tissue constructs.

3D printed/bioprinted tissue constructs are utilized for the regeneration of damaged tissues and as models. Most of the fabricated 3D constructs fail to undergo functional maturation in conventional settings. There is a challenge to provide a suitable niche for the fabricated tissue constructs to undergo functional maturation.

Additive manufacturing of peripheral nerve conduits - Fabrication methods, design considerations and clinical challenges.

Tissue-engineered nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are a viable clinical alternative to autografts and allografts and have been widely used to treat peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). Although these NGCs are successful to some extent, they cannot aid in native regeneration by improving native-equivalent neural innervation or regrowth. Further, NGCs exhibit longer recovery period and high cost limiting their clinical applications.

Advances in electrospinning and 3D bioprinting strategies to enhance functional regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue.

Skeletal muscles are essential for body movement, and the loss of motor function due to volumetric muscle loss (VML) limits the mobility of patients. Current therapeutic approaches are insufficient to offer complete functional recovery of muscle damages. Tissue engineering provides viable ways to fabricate scaffolds to regenerate damaged tissues.