Persistence, dissipation, and risk assessment of a combination formulation of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole fungicides in/on tomato.

Multi-locational supervised field trials were conducted in different agro-climatic regions in India to study dissipation of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in tomato after spraying a combination formulation (trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50%, 75WG) at recommended doses: (i) single (trifloxystrobin 87.5 g a.i.

Persistence, dissipation and consumer risk assessment of a combination formulation of flubendiamide and deltamethrin on cucumber.

Multi-location supervised field trials were conducted in India at four locations of the All India Network Project (AINP) on Pesticide Residues to study the persistence, dissipation and risk assessment of flubendiamide and deltamethrin on cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Residues of flubendiamide and deltamethrin on cucumber resulting from three spray applications of a combination formulation (flubendiamide 90% + deltamethrin 60%, 150 SC) at recommended (22.5 + 15 g a.

Development of chitosan nanocapsules for the controlled release of hexaconazole.

Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals. Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP). The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.

Effect of Nanohexaconazole on Nitrogen Fixing Blue Green Algae and Bacteria.

Nanohexaconazole is a highly efficient fungicide against Rhizoctonia solani. Nanoparticles are alleged to adversely affect the non-target organisms. In order to evaluate such concern, the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of nanohexaconazole and its commercial formulation on sensitive nitrogen fixing blue green algae (BGA) and bacteria.

Development and Quality Control of Nanohexaconazole as an Effective Fungicide and Its Biosafety Studies on Soil Nitifiers.

The study was aimed to develop a nano form of an existing fungicide for improving plant protection and reducing crop losses caused by fungal pathogens. The protocol for the preparation and estimation of nanohexaconazole was developed. Technically pure hexaconazole was converted into its nanoform using polyethyleneglycol-400 (PEG) as the surface stabilizing agent.

Development and evaluation of alginate-chitosan nanocapsules for controlled release of acetamiprid.

Smart formulations based on nanomaterials have the capability to reduce the consumption of hazardous pesticides and their impact on human health and environment. Nanoformulations of agrochemicals have the potential to improve food productivity without compromising with the ecosystem. In the present work, controlled release nanocapsules containing acetamiprid were prepared by polyelectrolyte complexation of two natural macromolecules, i.

Bioefficacy evaluation and dissipation pattern of nanoformulation versus commercial formulation of pyridalyl in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

A study was undertaken to evaluate the decline of the residues of pyridalyl in tomatoes grown in two different cultivation systems: open field (conventional cultivation) and net house (pot experiment). Field experiment was conducted with commercial (10 EC) and nanoformulation of pyridalyl on tomato crop. Tomato plants were subjected to pesticide spray, when fruits were close to ripeness.

Residue, dissipation, and safety evaluation of pyridalyl nanoformulation in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus [L] Moench).

A comparative study on residues and rate of dissipation of a new nanoformulation of pyridalyl and commercial pyridalyl was carried out on okra under net house and field conditions. Okra crop was sprayed with commercial and nanoformulation of pyridalyl at recommended (75 g a. i.

Sensitive and rapid determination of elemental nanosulfur/sulfur by liquid chromatography.

In order to identify the most suitable method for the estimation of nanosulfur for studying its residue dynamics, the present work was taken up. HPLC and GC methods were explored for its analysis. A comparative study of the existing analytical methods for the quality control of nanosulfur was undertaken.

Comparative persistence of thiacloprid in Bt-transgenic cabbage (Brassica oleracea cv. capitata) vis-à-vis non-transgenic crop and its decontamination.

Thiacloprid is a systemic neonicotinoid. The study hypothesized that difference may be seen in the rate of dissipation of thiacloprid when applied on non-transgenic and transgenic cabbage. Thiacloprid was estimated by HPLC.

Synthesis of 2-furyl-4-arylidene-5(4H)-oxazolones as new potent antibacterial agents against phyto-pathogenic and nitrifying bacteria.

Crop losses due to bacterial pathogens are a major global concern. Most of the available pesticides for these pathogens suffer from various drawbacks such as complicated synthesis, high cost, high toxicity, pesticide resistance and environmental hazards. To overcome these drawbacks, the present study was undertaken to find a potent bactericide.

Isolation and characterization of alkalotolerant Pseudomonas sp. strain ISTDF1 for degradation of dibenzofuran.

An alkalotolerant Pseudomonas strain was enriched and isolated from effluent of the pulp and paper industry. This strain was able to degrade dibenzofuran and utilize it as a sole source of energy and carbon. The GC-MS based detection of various intermediary metabolites of biodegradation suggested the involvement of angular as well as lateral pathway of dibenzofuran biodegradation.

Evaluation of performance and community dynamics of microorganisms during treatment of distillery spent wash in a three stage bioreactor.

The ability of Emericella nidulans var. lata, Neurospora intermedia and Bacillus sp. to treat distillery spent wash in a three stage bioreactor was investigated.

Determination of pesticide residues in integrated pest management and nonintegrated pest management samples of apple (Malus pumila Mill.).

Studies were undertaken to analyze the residues of commonly used pesticides viz. chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, dicofol, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, propargite, malathion, phorate, carbendazim, carbosulfan, thiamethoxam, and mancozeb in apple of integrated pest management (IPM) and non-IPM samples collected from the IPM and non-IPM fields of Shimla. We also present a method for the determination of these pesticides in apple samples.

An analysis of the persistence and potency of film-coated seed protectant as influenced by various storage parameters.

Background: An efficient delivery system for seed-protectant chemicals is needed in light of several disadvantages of conventional seed treatment methods. This study evaluates the efficacy of film-coat application in maintaining the persistence and potency of imidacloprid on Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill.

Application of indoxacarb for managing shoot and fruit borer of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its decontamination.

Indoxacarb was applied at 75 and 150 g a.i. ha(-1) for two years to an eggplant (Solanum melongena L.

Risk assessment of thiacloprid and its chemical decontamination on eggplant, Solanum melongena L.

Background: Thiacloprid [(Z)-3-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidenecyanamide; Calypso] is a systemic insecticide having persistence in the plant system. It was chosen for the management of the eggplant shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. Management of this insect pest is difficult because it harbours inside the shoot and fruit portions of eggplant.

Analytical method for estimation of a new insecticide flubendiamide and its safety evaluation for usage in rice crop.

The paper presents a method for residue analysis of flubendiamide in rice (Oryza sativa), which includes improved extraction, cleanup and determination of flubendiamide in rice seeds, husk and straw by using LC with UV detection. Safety evaluation of this insecticide in rice has been carried out after applying its soluble concentrate (SC) formulation at recommended dose (30 g a.i.

Determination of pesticide residues in IPM and non-IPM samples of mango (Mangifera indica).

Studies were conducted to analyze the residue of commonly used pesticides viz. methyl parathion, chloropyrifos, endosulfan, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, carbendazim, imidacloprid and carbaryl in mango, Dashehari variety, integrated pest management (IPM) and non-IPM samples were collected from the IPM and non-IPM orchards, Lucknow, India. We also present a method for the simultaneous determination of these pesticides in mango samples.

Soil amendment: a technique for soil remediation of lactofen.

Lactofen, a member of the diphenyl ether chemical family, shows great potential for the control of broadleaf weeds associated with leguminous crops. It presents a high degree of selectivity when applied post-emergence to soybean and peanut crops. This paper presents the persistence of lactofen under a soybean crop under various conditions, including without remediation techniques, under soil solarization with polyethene sheets, and soil solarization followed by straw amendment.

Bioefficacy of iprodione against two desapers, its compatibility with T. harzianum and residues on cabbage crop.

Iprodione (3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-N-isopropyl-2,4-dioxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamide) bio-assayed against fungi Alternaria brassicicola and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was found to be highly effective for inhibiting these desapers. Inhibition of A. brassicicola was 100% up to the dose of 75 ppm and for S.

Biodegradation of beta-cyfluthrin by Pseudomonas stutzeri strain S1.

beta-Cyfluthrin [alpha-cyano-4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzyl-3(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate] pesticide has been in agricultural use in the recent years for controlling Lepidopteran pests affecting solanaceous crops. The extensive use of synthetic pyrethroids like beta-cyfluthrin has resulted in wide spread environmental contamination. The purpose of this study was to isolate bacteria from soil and to determine their ability to degrade beta-cyfluthrin and identify the intermediates in culture broth using spectroscopy.

Dissipation of chlorpyrifos in two soil environments of semi-arid India.

The dissipation of chlorpyrifos (20 EC) at environment-friendly doses in the sandy loam and loamy sand soils of two semi-arid fields and the presence of pesticide residues in the harvested groundnut seeds, were monitored. The movement of chlorpyrifos through soil and its binding in the loamy sand soil was studied using 14C chlorpyrifos. Chlorpyrifos was moderately stable in both loamy sand and sandy loam soils, with half-life of 12.