Anticestodal activity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis sp. on protoscoleces of hydatid cyst Echinococcus granulosus.

Surgery is still the main treatment in hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus, which is a global health problem in human and animals. So, there is need for some natural protoscolicidal agents for instillation to prevent their reoccurrence at therapeutic doses. In this present investigation, anticestodal activity of one of the endophytic fungi Pestalotiopsis sp.

Serous goblet cells: the protein secreting cells in the oral cavity of a catfish, Rita rita (Hamilton, 1822) (Bagridae, Siluriformes).

Serous goblet cells in the oral epithelium of Rita rita are characterized by the presence of distinct eosinophilic granules occupying large parts of the cytoplasm. In R. rita, a range of histochemical results reveal that these cells are involved in proteinaceous secretions, and thus likely contribute to various functions analogous to those of mammalian saliva.

Toxic effects of repeated oral exposure of silver nanoparticles on small intestine mucosa of mice.

As the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is increasing fast in industry, food, medicines, etc., exposure to AgNPs is increasing in quantity day by day. So, it is imperative to know the adverse effects of AgNPs in man.

Synthesis, growth mechanism and characterization of single crystalline alpha-Fe2O3 spherical nanoparticles.

In the present report, we proposed a simple and efficient method for synthesizing single crystalline alpha-Fe2O3 spherical nanoparticles array into hexagonal dipyramid (HGDP) hierarchical structures using urea as a surface-active agent to control the growth and nucleation of the iron species. Growth mechanisms for the formation of HGDP hierarchical structures have been also proposed. Single crystalline feature, structural morphology and size of the nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning and Transmission electron microscopy (SEM).

Synthesis of superparamagnetic bare Fe₃O₄ nanostructures and core/shell (Fe₃O₄/alginate) nanocomposites.

In this article we report about the synthesis of superparamagnetic bare Fe3O4 nanostructures and core/shell (Fe3O4/alginate) nanocomposites by simple low-temperature based method at pH values 5, 9, and 14. The structural morphology and magnetic behavior of Fe3O4 nanostructures and core/shell (Fe3O4/alginate) nanocomposites (Fe3O4/alg NCs) have been investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy (RS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The particle size was calculated by TEM measurements and it turns out to be ∼10 nm and ∼14 nm for bare Fe3O4 nanoparticle and Fe3O4/alg NCs with core/shell structure, respectively.

Rapid detection of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli gene using bio-conjugated gold nano-particles.

In this study, a simple gold nanoparticle based colorimetric detection system for on site diagnostics of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) has been developed. The developed assay could detect LT1 gene as evident from UV-visible spectra, the broadening of peak on hybridization of GNP probes with different copy numbers of the target gene. The present study suggests that hybridization induced changes in optical properties of GNPs can be translated into a rapid and simple colorometric" spot and read test detection method for ETEC.

Nanoparticle-induced controlled biodegradation and its mechanism in poly(epsilon-caprolactone).

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL)/layered silicate nanocomposites have been prepared via solution route. Two different organically modified nanoclays were used to compare the variation in properties based on organic modifications. The nanostructures, as observed from wide-angle X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, indicate intercalated and partially exfoliated hybrids depending on the nature of organic modification in nanoclay.

Histochemical analysis of glycoproteins in the secretory cells in the gill epithelium of a catfish, Rita rita (Siluriformes, Bagridae).

Glycoproteins (GPs) were visualised histochemically in the secretory cells - the mucous goblet cells (the type A and the type B), the serous goblet cells, the club cells and the epithelial cells in the gill epithelium of Rita rita. The type A mucous goblet cells, the type B mucous goblet cells and the epithelial cells elaborate GPs with oxidizable vicinal diols and GPs with sialic acid residue without O-acyl substitution. In addition, GPs with O-sulphate esters are elaborated by the type A and GPs with O-acyl sugars by the type B mucous goblet cells.

Morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp Cirrhinus mrigala: a scanning electron microscopic investigation.

The buccal cavity of an herbivorous fish, Cirrhinus mrigala, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy to determine its surface ultrastructure. The buccal cavity shows significant adaptive modifications in relation to food and feeding ecology of the fish. The buccal cavity of the fish is of modest size and limited capacity, which is considered an adaptation with respect to the small-sized food items primarily consumed by the fish that could be accommodated in a small space.

Histochemical characterization of glycoproteins in the buccal epithelium of the catfish, Rita rita.

Glycoproteins (GPs) elaborated by the buccal epithelium of the catfish, Rita rita, were analysed by a range of histochemical methods. These included methods for the characterization and simultaneous visualization of GPs with oxidizable vicinal diols, with O-acyl sugars, with O-sulphate esters and with sialic acid residues with and without O-acyl substitution at C7, C8 or C9. GPs elaborated at the surface of the buccal epithelium are primarily from two sources, the epithelial cells and the mucous goblet cells.

Morphology of the pharyngeal cavity, especially the surface ultrastructure of gill arches and gill rakers in relation to the feeding ecology of the catfish Rita rita (Siluriformes, Bagridae).

Gill arches and the gill rakers of a sluggish, carnivorous catfish, Rita rita, show significant differences of their surface ultrastructure, which are recognized adaptive modifications in relation to food and feeding ecology of fish. Gill rakers on the first and second pairs of gill arches are borne on the oral side and are long and stout at the epi-ceratobranchial union. Gill rakers on the third and fourth pairs of gill arches, in contrast, are borne on the oral and aboral sides and are relatively delicate and short.