The Articulatory and Acoustic Representation of Second-Language French Vowels.

This study examines how L1 English-L2 French learners use L1 articulatory and acoustic categories to produce L2 vowels that are both similar to and different from their L1 vowels. Previous studies examining the relationship between L1 and L2 sound inventories have found that learners reuse L1 phone categories to produce L2 phones that are perceived as similar, but importantly, there is a lack of articulatory data included in these types of studies, which has reinforced the assumption that vowel categories can be solely represented by their acoustic properties. The present study uses ultrasound tongue imaging data and videos of lip rounding in addition to acoustic data to examine how L1 English-L2 French learners produce the French vowels /i y u e ø o/ compared with their English vowels /i u e o/.

Multitaper Spectrum Analysis of Consonants Produced by Patients With Dentofacial Disharmonies.

Purpose: This study investigates differences in American English consonants produced by patients who present with various dentofacial disharmonies (DFDs), including severe overbites (Class II), underbites (Class III), and anterior open bites. Previous studies have found that patients with these malocclusion types all produce lingual sibilants and plosives with increased spectral center of gravity and increased spectral variance relative to controls. This result is puzzling since some DFD groups differ from controls in opposite ways, and it is also difficult to interpret because spectral moment measures are affected by a wide range of speech and nonspeech factors.

DENTOFACIAL DISHARMONY PATIENTS' SIBILANTS DIFFER FROM CONTROLS' MORE IN SOURCE THAN FILTER PROPERTIES.

This study uses multitaper spectral analysis to examine the differences in consonants produced by patients who present with different dentofacial disharmonies (DFD) including severe overbites (Class II), underbites (Class III) and anterior open bites. Previous studies have found that patients with these malocclusion types all produce sibilants and plosives with increased spectral center of gravity and increased spectral spread relative to controls. This result is puzzling since some DFD groups differ from controls in opposite ways.

The Relationship between Non-Native Perception and Phonological Patterning of Implosive Consonants.

This study uses non-native perception data to examine the relationship between perceived phonetic similarity of segments and their phonological patterning. Segments that are phonetically similar to one another are anticipated to pattern together phonologically, and segments that share articulatory or acoustic properties are also expected to be perceived as similar. What is not yet clear is whether segments that pattern together phonologically are perceived as similar.

A peer interview qualitative study exploring support for carers of people with comorbid autism and eating disorders.

Background: Carers of people with eating disorders (EDs) are known to experience a lack of support, high levels of unmet needs and resulting distress. Specific support and interventions for carers may benefit both the carer, and their loved one with an ED. Individuals with co-occurring autism and EDs may present with additional needs and difficulties relating to their Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC) that impact their carers.

Carers' views on autism and eating disorders comorbidity: qualitative study.

Background: Patients with co-occurring anorexia nervosa and autism respond differently to eating disorder treatments. Previous interviews with patients with both conditions and clinicians working in eating disorder services has highlighted service and treatment adaptations might be beneficial and could improve outcomes for these individuals.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore carers' experiences of current treatment approaches for people with autism who have anorexia nervosa, and their views on how these can be improved.

Spatial offset of test field elements from surround elements affects the strength of motion aftereffects.

Static movement aftereffects (MAEs) were measured after adaptation to vertical square-wave luminance gratings drifting horizontally within a central window in a surrounding stationary vertical grating. The relationship between the stationary test grating and the surround was manipulated by varying the alignment of the stationary stripes in the window and those in the surround, and the type of outline separating the window and the surround [no outline, black outline (invisible on black stripes), and red outline (visible throughout its length)]. Offsetting the stripes in the window significantly increased both the duration and ratings of the strength of MAEs.