Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-bound extracellular vesicle as novel therapy for osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint condition that causes significant impairment of the chondrocyte. The gradual degradation of the cartilage lining of one or more freely moving joints, as well as persistent inflammation, are the causes of osteoarthritis. Current medications focus on alleviating symptoms rather than curing the condition.

Pathological fracture of the femur in Alagille Syndrome: A case report.

Alagille Syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder, occur only 1:70,000 in population, and characterized by reduced interlobular bile ducts, and resultant nutritional deficiencies associated with the inability to absorb fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin D. Patients are at risk for secondary osteoporosis, rickets/osteomalacia, and ultimately may result in fracture. The majority of patients suffer from chronic cholestasis, which can have a variety of adverse effects on bone metabolism.