Soft palate angle and basihyoid depth increase with tongue size and with body condition score in horses.

Background: Obesity has been associated with human obstructive sleep apnoea and canine brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. The effect of body condition score (BCS) on structures of the oropharynx, nasopharynx and upper airway of the horse has not been investigated.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of BCS on tongue measurements, soft palate angle and basihyoid depth in horses.

Automated differentiation of wide QRS complex tachycardia using QRS complex polarity.

Background: Wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) differentiation into ventricular tachycardia (VT) and supraventricular wide complex tachycardia (SWCT) remains challenging despite numerous 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria and algorithms. Automated solutions leveraging computerized ECG interpretation (CEI) measurements and engineered features offer practical ways to improve diagnostic accuracy. We propose automated algorithms based on (i) WCT QRS polarity direction (WCT Polarity Code [WCT-PC]) and (ii) QRS polarity shifts between WCT and baseline ECGs (QRS Polarity Shift [QRS-PS]).

Toward an artificial intelligence code of conduct for health and healthcare: implications for the biomedical informatics community.

Introduction: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to significant transformations in health and healthcare. As AI technologies continue to evolve, there is an urgent need to establish a unified framework that guides the design, implementation, and evaluation of AI-driven interventions across individual and population health contexts.

Approach: In response to this need, the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) has initiated the development of an AI code of conduct (AICC) through its Digital Health Action Collaborative.

Perspectives of Key Stakeholders on Integrating Wearable Sensor Technology into Rehabilitation Care: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Introduction: Rehabilitation is facing a critical practice gap: Patients seek out rehabilitation services to improve their activity in daily life, yet recent work demonstrates that rehabilitation may be having a limited impact on improving this outcome due to lack of objective data on patients' activity in daily life. Remote monitoring using wearable sensor technology is a promising solution to this address this gap. The purpose of this study was to understand patient and clinician awareness of the practice gap and preferences for integrating wearable sensor technology into rehabilitation care.

Redesigning the Hospital Environment to Improve Restfulness.

Importance: Hospital wards are often not conducive to patient sleep, negatively affecting patient health and experience.

Objectives: To assess determinants of in-hospital restfulness and to design and test rest-promoting interventions on the wards in partnership with clinicians, staff, and patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This rapid-sequential mixed-methods quality improvement study was performed at a large urban academic hospital in St Louis, Missouri, from May 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, with follow-up through hospitalization.

Elemental composition and potential toxicity of the riverine macrophyte Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx. reflects land use in eastern North America.

Land use influences surface water quality, often alleviating stoichiometric constraints on primary production and altering biogeochemical cycling. However, land use effects on nutrient content and potential trace metal accumulation in aquatic plants remain unclear, and high concentrations of metals and altered nutrient ratios could impact the health of herbivores and detritivores. We tested for land use effects on nutrient and trace metal accumulation in a widespread riverine macrophyte, Podostemum ceratophyllum, collected from 91 locations from Georgia to Maine, USA in 2014-2016.

Twelve-month results for a randomized sham-controlled effectiveness trial of an in-home skills-based virtual reality program for chronic low back pain.

Introduction: Low-risk, accessible, and long-term effective nonpharmacologic behavioral interventions for chronic low back pain (cLBP) are needed. Pain education and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are recommended first-line treatments, but access is poor, treatment effectiveness is variable, and long-term effectiveness is inconsistent. In-home virtual reality (VR)-delivered therapies might address these shortcomings because therapeutic content can be delivered in a consistent and quality-controlled manner.

Agreement of Pain Assessment Using the Short Form of the Canine Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale between Veterinary Students, Veterinary Nurses, Veterinary Surgeons, and ECVAA-Diplomates.

Several pain scoring systems have been validated to measure pain in dogs. However, pain may not be adequately assessed since these tools are associated with high-level inter-observer variation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the agreement of pain assessment using the CMPS-SF between veterinary students, veterinary nurses, veterinary surgeons, and European College of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia (ECVAA) diplomates.

INNOVATIONS IN DIGITAL HEALTH TO IMPROVE CARE DELIVERY: THE BJC HEALTHCARE/WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE HEALTHCARE INNOVATION LAB.

The Healthcare Innovation Lab, established by BJC HealthCare and Washington University School of Medicine, has catalyzed care delivery innovations since 2017. Focusing on digital health to enhance care delivery and patient outcomes, the Lab emphasizes predictive analytics, digital point-of-care tools, and remote patient monitoring. The Lab identifies innovative ideas that align with the health system mission and deliver empiric value to its patients and care teams.

Corrigendum: Magnetic resonance imaging prognostic factors for survival and relapse in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.

Direct Comparison of Methods to Differentiate Wide Complex Tachycardias: Novel Automated Algorithms Versus Manual ECG Interpretation Approaches.

Background: Differentiating wide complex tachycardias (WCTs) into ventricular tachycardia (VT) and supraventricular wide tachycardia via 12-lead ECG interpretation is a crucial but difficult task. Automated algorithms show promise as alternatives to manual ECG interpretation, but direct comparison of their diagnostic performance has not been undertaken.

Methods: Two electrophysiologists applied 3 manual WCT differentiation approaches (ie, Brugada, Vereckei aVR, and VT score).

Assessment of right ventricular function in healthy Great Danes and in Great Danes with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a significant negative prognostic indicator in human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Many RV indices are weight-dependent, and there is a lack of reference values for the right heart in giant breed dogs (over 50 kg), including Great Danes (GDs). This study aimed to compare indices of RV function in echocardiographically normal GDs, those with preclinical DCM (PC-DCM), and those with DCM and congestive heart failure (DCM-CHF).

Correction: A multi-proxy assessment of the impact of environmental instability on Late Holocene (4500-3800 BP) Native American villages of the Georgia coast.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Feasibility of In-Home Virtual Reality for Chronic Pain in Sickle Cell Disease.

Purpose: This study assessed the feasibility of an in-home virtual reality intervention for chronic pain in adults with sickle cell disease.

Design: Two-group, parallel, randomized, multiple methods design with surveys, and interviews.

Methods: Participants were randomized to virtual reality or audio control, with 2-16-minute daily modules for 8 weeks, a daily pain diary survey, and a post study interview.

Prognosis in meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in dogs: Risk factors associated with survival, clinical relapse, and long-term disability.

Background: Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) comprises a group of noninfectious inflammatory diseases affecting the central nervous system of dogs. Previous studies have reported individual risk factors for survival but prognostication for MUO remains challenging.

Objectives: Identify clinical prognostic variables in dogs with MUO.

Magnetic resonance imaging prognostic factors for survival and relapse in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.

Introduction: Canine meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is a debilitating disease associated with high mortality. The prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for predicting survival at 12 months and long-term relapse remains uncertain.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study evaluating the prognostic value of different MRI variables using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards analysis.

Effect of Medial Opening Wedge and External Rotational Humeral Osteotomies on Medial Elbow Compartment Pressure: An Ex Vivo Study.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to assess if the level of osteotomy (50 or 75% the length of the humerus), osteotomy angle (5, 10, or 20 degrees), direction of bone alteration (external rotational or medial opening wedge osteotomies), or orientation of osteotomy (perpendicular to the humeral long axis or perpendicular to the weight-bearing axis of the limb) affect pressure through the medial compartment of the elbow.

Study Design:  Humeral osteotomies were performed at 50 and 75% the length of the humerus on 12 canine cadaver thoracic limbs and patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) printed plates applied to induce the desired alteration. Sensors were placed into the medial and lateral aspects of the elbow joint and the limb compressed to 90 N in a universal testing system.

Enlargement of the hepatic artery is present in dogs with a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and is independent of shunt insertion into the systemic circulation.

The accurate diagnosis of portovascular anomalies has been facilitated by improvements in diagnostic imaging technology. In humans, hepatic arterial blood flow changes in response to the reduction in portal blood flow. The hepatic arterial buffer response characterizes an intrinsic regulatory mechanism in response to reduced portal venous blood flow, which results in hepatic arterial enlargement.