Experiences of Interdisciplinary Working from the Perspective of the Society of Master Saddlers Qualified Saddle Fitters.

Horse owners seek the advice and support of a number of equestrian professionals in carrying out their duty of care for their animal. In some instances, these professionals form a multi-disciplinary team (MDT). The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of the Society of Master Saddlers' qualified saddle fitters (SMSQSFs) working with other professionals and to understand the nature of inter-disciplinary working from an SMSQSF perspective.

A comprehensive nonoperative treatment protocol for developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants.

Aims: Brace treatment is the cornerstone of managing developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), yet there is a lack of evidence-based treatment protocols, which results in wide variations in practice. To resolve this, we have developed a comprehensive nonoperative treatment protocol conforming to published consensus principles, with well-defined a priori criteria for inclusion and successful treatment.

Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, longitudinal cohort study of a consecutive series of infants with ultrasound-confirmed DDH who underwent a comprehensive nonoperative brace management protocol in a unified multidisciplinary clinic between January 2012 and December 2016 with five-year follow-up radiographs.

Temporal trends in equine sperm progressive motility: a systematic review and meta-regression.

In Brief: Adverse trends in reproductive function are a concern in humans, companion, livestock, and wildlife species. This study indicates that equine populations are at risk of a comparable decline in sperm progressive motility.

Abstract: There is increasing evidence reporting geographically sensitive adverse trends in human semen quality, with parallel trends observed in the dog sentinel.

Implementing life cycle sustainability assessment for improved space mission design.

Within the space sector, the application of Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA) is beginning to emerge as a credible and compelling method for scientifically quantifying environmental impacts of space missions. However, E-LCA does not fully align with the concept of triple-bottom-line sustainability, while the combination of all three sustainability dimensions (environment, society, and economy) within a single life cycle study has thus far never been attempted within the space industry. Moving toward a Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) is, therefore, a logical next step for the space sector to allow these three sustainability dimensions to be addressed.

Testing of an Ultrasound-Limited Imaging Protocol for Pavlik harness Supervision (TULIPPS) in developmental dysplasia of the hip: a randomized controlled trial.

Aims: There is no consensus regarding optimum timing and frequency of ultrasound (US) for monitoring response to Pavlik harness (PH) treatment in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The purpose of our study was to determine if a limited-frequency hip US assessment had an adverse effect on treatment outcomes compared to traditional comprehensive US monitoring.

Methods: This study was a single-centre noninferiority randomized controlled trial.

Dignity and the provision of care and support in 'old age homes' in Tamil Nadu, India: a qualitative study.

Background: In 2016, Tamil Nadu was the first state in India to develop a set of Minimum Standards for old age homes. The Minimum Standards stipulate that that residents' dignity and privacy should be respected. However, the concept of dignity is undefined in the Minimum Standards.

Ecospheric life cycle impacts of annual global space activities.

This paper presents a first-order approximation of ecospheric life cycle impacts from annual global space activities across two scenarios using a streamlined Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). The first scenario considers all space missions launched throughout the 2018 calendar year whilst the second is a futuristic scenario where affordable access to space significantly increases the prevalence of space operations. A new space-specific life cycle database and sustainable design tool called the Strathclyde Space Systems Database (SSSD) has been used to compile the inventory of each scenario and generate results across numerous impact categories.

Femoral Lengthening in Children: A Comparison of Motorized Intramedullary Nailing Versus External Fixation Techniques.

Background: Femoral lengthening is associated with high complication rates often related to the type of surgical device used to perform the lengthening. The advent of intramedullary lengthening devices has promised a reduction in complications when compared with external fixation systems. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of femoral lengthening in children using a motorized intramedullary nail (Precice) versus an external fixation system (Taylor Spatial Frame-TSF; or Monolateral Rail System-MRS) at a single institution, single surgeon practice.

Systematic Analysis of Breed, Methodological, and Geographical Impact on Equine Sperm Progressive Motility.

Over the past five decades, there has been increasing evidence to indicate global declines in human semen quality. Parallel adverse trends measured in male animals indicate a potential environmental aetiology. This study evaluated the progressive motility (PM) of stallion ejaculate through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The lateral edge and sourcil acetabular indices for surgical decision-making in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Purpose: The acetabular index (AI) is a radiographic measure that guides surgical decision-making in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Two AI measurement methods are described; to the lateral edge of the acetabulum (AI-L) and to the lateral edge of the sourcil (AI-S). The purpose of this study was to determine the level of agreement between AI-L and AI-S on the diagnosis and degree of acetabular dysplasia in DDH.

Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders: State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries.

Background: Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care.

Methods: The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions.

Understanding increasing rates of psychiatric hospital detentions in England: development and preliminary testing of an explanatory model.

Background: The steep rise in the rate of psychiatric hospital detentions in England is poorly understood.

Aims: To identify explanations for the rise in detentions in England since 1983; to test their plausibility and support from evidence; to develop an explanatory model for the rise in detentions.

Method: Hypotheses to explain the rise in detentions were identified from previous literature and stakeholder consultation.

Expert-Based Consensus on the Principles of Pavlik Harness Management of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Unlabelled: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common orthopaedic disorder in newborns. While the Pavlik harness is one of the most frequently used treatments for DDH, there is immense variability in treatment parameters reported in the literature and in clinical practice, leading to difficulties in standardizing teaching and comparing outcomes. In the absence of definitive quantitative evidence for the optimal Pavlik harness management strategy for DDH, we addressed this problem by obtaining international expert-based consensus on the subject.

Reliability of the sourcil method of acetabular index measurement in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Purpose: The ability to monitor and study developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) requires validated radiographic outcome measures. The sourcil method of acetabular index measurement (AI-S) has not yet been shown to be a reliable measure of acetabular dysplasia in a DDH population, despite its widespread use. The aims of this study were to test the reliability of the AI-S method in a DDH population, and to compare the reliability of the AI-S method with that of the classic lateral edge method (AI-L).

Anticholinergic burden in schizophrenia and ability to benefit from psychosocial treatment programmes: a 3-year prospective cohort study.

Background: Many medications administered to patients with schizophrenia possess anticholinergic properties. When aggregated, pharmacological treatments may result in a considerable anticholinergic burden. The extent to which anticholinergic burden has a deleterious effect on cognition and impairs ability to participate in and benefit from psychosocial treatments is unknown.

STRESS-testing clinical activity and outcomes for a combined prison in-reach and court liaison service: a 3-year observational study of 6177 consecutive male remands.

Background: People with major mental illness are over-represented in prison populations however there are few longitudinal studies of prison in-reach services leading to appropriate healthcare over extended periods.

Aims: We aimed to examine measures of the clinical efficiency and effectiveness of a prison in-reach, court diversion and liaison service over a 3 year period. Secondly, we aimed to compare rates of identification of psychosis and diversion with rates previously reported for the same setting in the 6 years previously.

Study protocol: a randomised controlled trial of cognitive remediation for a national cohort of forensic mental health patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Background: Evidence is accumulating that cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) is an effective intervention for patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. To date there has been no randomised controlled trial (RCT) cohort study of cognitive remediation within a forensic hospital. The goal of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a trial of cognitive remediation for forensic mental health patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Cancer guideline development in Europe: a survey among ECCO members.

A survey was conducted among European Cancer Organisations by the European CanCer Organisation (ECCO) to evaluate initiatives on cancer guideline development. An electronic questionnaire based on the 'Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation' (AGREE) instrument was sent to different ECCO members and other Scientific European Organisations involved in cancer care. Between April 2010 and July 2010, 30 European Cancer Organisations (ECOs) were contacted and 21 responded to the questionnaire.

To know or not to know? Not the only question in familial breast cancer risk communication.

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in females, 5-10% of these breast cancers occur in women because of an inherited mutation. The term 'risk' in relation to familial cancer can have multiple meanings for both clinicians and patients. Failing to identify and address this may impair effective communication and informed decision making and adversely affect the quality of patient care.

Online information needs of cancer patients and their organizations.

Increasingly patients, relatives and carers are accessing health information via the internet. However, the health profession and people affected by cancer are becoming concerned with the quality of that information. A European survey was conducted under the auspices of the FP7 European Commission funded Eurocancercoms project during the period September 2010-March 2011.

Online information as a decision making aid for cancer patients: recommendations from the Eurocancercoms project.

A pan-European survey was conducted under the auspices of the FP7 Eurocancercoms project during the period September 2010-March 2011. It was designed to broaden public policy understanding of patients' specific needs when seeking online cancer information and aimed to identify gaps in the online cancer information provision across Europe. In this paper we describe the methodology and main findings of the Tenovus survey, and draw some recommendations on the use of online information as a decision making aid for cancer patients and their families, namely: (1) transparency and accountability of the sources of information presented online; (2) accreditation of information by different recognised forms of authority and expertise, i.

Patient perceptions of carrying their own health information: approaches towards responsibility and playing an active role in their own health - implications for a patient-held health file.

Objective: To elicit patients' views on whether they could contribute to improvements in their care by carrying their own health information to clinician encounters; and to consider the implications for the development of a patient-held health file (PHF).

Background: Increasing rates of chronic disease lead to health care being delivered by multiple care providers often at distributed geographic locations. As a way of increasing the availability of patient information to care providers our project will trial a PHF.

Functional polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 and serotonin transporter genes, and depression and fatigue induced by interferon-alpha and ribavirin treatment.

Depression and fatigue are frequent side effects of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment, and there is compelling evidence that the inflammatory response system (including interleukin-6, IL-6) and the serotonergic system is important in the pathophysiology of such symptoms. Functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene (rs1800795) and serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) have been identified as regulating these systems. The present study aimed to determine if these polymorphisms were associated with the development of depression and fatigue during IFN-alpha and ribavirin treatment.

Prevalence and predictors of mental incapacity in psychiatric in-patients.

Background: Little is known about the proportion of psychiatric in-patients who lack capacity to make treatment decisions, or the associations of lack of capacity.

Aims: To determine the prevalence of psychiatric in-patients who lack capacity to make decisions about current treatment and to identify demographic and clinical associations with lack of mental capacity.

Method: Patients (n=112) were interviewed soon after admission to hospital and a binary judgement of capacity was made, guided by the MacArthur Competence Tool for Treatment.