Exploring the relationship of salivary pH and flow rate with tooth wear severity: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Tooth wear is the loss of dental hard tissue due to chemical and mechanical processes, and its prevalence ranges from 13 to 80 % in the general population. Management depends on understanding potential risk factors; however, the role of saliva as one of them is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between salivary pH and flow, and tooth wear in patients referred to a specialized dental clinic for tooth wear management.

Diminished pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and reduced learning from pain.

Individuals with elevated psychopathic traits exhibit decision-making deficits linked to a failure to learn from negative outcomes. We investigated how reduced pain sensitivity affects reinforcement-based decision-making in individuals with varying levels of psychopathic traits, as measured by the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-Short Form. Using computational modelling, we estimated the latent cognitive processes in a community non-offender sample (n = 111) that completed a task with choices leading to painful and non-painful outcomes.

Unpacking the relationship between Big Five personality traits and experimental pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pain is essential for survival, but individual responses to painful stimuli vary, representing a complex interplay between sensory, cognitive, and affective factors. Individual differences in personality traits and in pain perception covary but it is unclear which traits play the most significant role in understanding the pain experience and whether this depends on pain modality. A systematic search identified 1534 records (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, PubMed and Web of Science), of which 22 were retained and included in a systematic review.

Association between salivary characteristics and tooth wear: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Literature was systematically reviewed to identify salivary characteristics and their association with tooth wear.

Data: A protocol was developed a priori (PROSPERO CRD42022338590). Established systematic review methods were used for screening, data extraction, and synthesis.

Association between Self-Reported Pain, Cognition, and Neuropathology in Older Adults Admitted to an Outpatient Memory Clinic-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Cognitive impairment has been linked to self-reporting of pain. However, it is unclear whether the various cognitive functions are similarly and/or independently associated with such pain report measures. In the present study, we explored how executive functioning (EF), memory, and global cognition relate to self-reported pain and investigated whether underlying neuropathology partially accounts for these results.

Myogenous temporomandibular disorders and salivary markers of oxidative stress-A cross-sectional study.

Background: The clinical care of chronic pain requires personalised understanding of the mechanisms involved. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are the most common chronic orofacial pain conditions, and oxidative stress has been proposed to be implicated in their pathophysiology, especially in arthrogenous TMD. However, few studies have explored oxidative stress in myogenous TMD (TMDM).

Psychophysical characterisation of burning mouth syndrome-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is an oro-facial disease with neuropathic characteristics. Psychophysics, such as quantitative sensory testing (QST), is used to sub-classify neuropathic pain syndromes, but their usefulness in characterising BMS is not yet clear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to summarise and to quantitatively and qualitatively analyse the available information about QST findings in BMS, and to reflect on possible mechanisms of disease.

A randomized comparison of pupil-centered versus vertex-centered ablation in LASIK correction of hyperopia.

Purpose: To compare visual and optical outcomes of pupil-centered vs vertex-centered ablation in patients undergoing laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia.

Design: Randomized, double-masked, prospective, single-center trial.

Setting: Institutional practice.

[Comparison of 2 methods for inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the use of threshold and resistive load devices for inspiratory muscle training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A randomized prospective trial was designed to compare use of the 2 devices under training or control conditions.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-three patients with moderate or severe COPD were randomly assigned to home treatment with a threshold device, a resistive load device, or a control situation in which either of those devices was maintained at a minimum load throughout the study.

[Magnetic stimulation of the quadriceps: analysis of 2 stimulators used for diagnostic and therapeutic applications].

Compromised muscle function can be evaluated in respiratory disease patients by supramaximal magnetic stimulation (isometric twitch) of the quadriceps, a technique that is reproducible and objective. We validated the technique, comparing a device used in our laboratory with another reference electromagnet. We also assessed whether the technique could potentially be used to train the muscle by repetitive stimulation.