Attitudes and beliefs about vaccination among adults in the United States: A real-world, cross-sectional, web-based survey study.

Background: Approaches best suited for encouraging adults to vaccinate themselves may differ from those for encouraging parents to vaccinate their children.

Objectives: To describe vaccine hesitancy and literacy among the US adult population.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey assessed vaccine hesitancy and literacy among the US adult population (aged 18-60), grouped by their role as decision makers (parents for their children aged <18 vs.

Attitudes and beliefs of healthcare providers toward vaccination in the United States: A cross-sectional online survey.

Background: Healthcare providers' (HCPs') beliefs and practices regarding vaccination influence vaccine acceptance in patients.

Objective: To describe HCPs' beliefs and practices regarding vaccines and perceptions of patient perspectives related to vaccine hesitancy.

Methods: This was a non-interventional, cross-sectional, online survey administered to 1213 HCPs based in the United States from December 2021 through January 2022.

Treatment Preferences Among Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results from a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Introduction: The treatment landscape for advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) has evolved quickly with the introduction of immunotherapies as a first-line treatment option. This study examined the preferences of patients with aRCC to better understand the characteristics of preferred treatments and the tradeoffs patients are willing to make when choosing treatment.

Methods And Materials: An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted in the US from May to August 2022 with adult patients with aRCC.

Patient Preferences Influencing Treatment Decision-Making in Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Purpose: Patients with early breast cancer (eBC) are increasingly provided with different options, which may involve a sequence of different treatments and treatment modalities, and eligibility for certain adjuvant treatments depending upon pre-surgical and surgical outcomes. This study examined patient preferences around aspects of treatment decision-making in eBC.

Patients And Methods: A total of 452 patients with self-reported eBC in Germany (n=151), Italy (n=151), and Japan (n=150) completed an online survey about physician interactions and treatment side effects.

Weight-Reduction Preferences Among OBSERVE Study Participants With Obesity or Overweight: Opportunities for Shared Decision-Making.

Objective: Limited recent evidence exists regarding weight-reduction preferences among people with obesity in the United States (US). We assessed preferred magnitudes of weight reduction among adults with obesity and how these preferences differ by participant characteristics.

Methods: The Perceptions, Barriers, and Opportunities for Anti-obesity Medications in Obesity Care: A Survey of Patients, Providers and Employers was a cross-sectional study assessing perceptions of obesity and anti-obesity medications among people with obesity, healthcare providers, and employers in the US.

Measurement of Spiritual Wellbeing in an Australian Hospital Population Using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy: Spiritual Wellbeing Scale (FACIT-Sp-12).

Spiritual wellbeing is known to be a predictor of increased patient coping in hospital settings. Therefore, access to a valid and reliable measure of spiritual wellbeing amongst general hospital patients is highly recommended. The aim of this study was to investigate the dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Wellbeing scale (FACIT-Sp-12) in a heterogeneous cohort of hospital patients.

A Novel Approach to Computing Preference Estimates for Different Treatment Pathways: An Application in Oncology.

Background: Patients with cancer may progress through multiple treatments with differing adverse effect profiles. Moreover, pathways may be fixed or flexible in allowing for escalation or de-escalation of treatment depending on interim outcomes. We sought to develop a methodology capable of estimating preferences for the entirety of a pathway involving a sequence of different treatments.

Evaluating Oncologists' Practice Patterns and Decision-Making in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: The US Physician PARADIGM Study.

Background: The treatment landscape for locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) has evolved. This study examined US prescribing patterns and clinical decision-making for first-line (1L) and first-line maintenance (1LM) treatment.

Materials And Methods: US-based oncologists (N = 150) completed an online survey on patient demographics, practice patterns, and important factors considered in 1L/1LM selection.

Fuel-Driven Redox Reactions in Electrolyte-Free Polymer Actuators for Soft Robotics.

Polymers that undergo shape changes in response to external stimuli can serve as actuators and offer significant potential in a variety of technologies, including biomimetic artificial muscles and soft robotics. Current polymer artificial muscles possess major challenges for various applications as they often require extreme and non-practical actuation conditions. Thus, exploring actuators with new or underutilized stimuli may broaden the application of polymer-based artificial muscles.

The burden of anxiety among a nationally representative US adult population.

Background: Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and are associated with a significant humanistic and economic burden. This study evaluates the impact of anxiety symptoms on direct and indirect costs and quality of life in individuals with self-reported and unrecognized anxiety symptoms.

Methods: The 2019 US National Health and Wellness Survey database was analyzed to compare individuals with anxiety symptoms to individuals without symptoms, stratified by responses to a yes/no question about experiencing anxiety symptoms, and further stratified by severity of symptoms based on GAD-7 scores.

Does Fever Response to Acetaminophen Predict Bloodstream Infections in Febrile Neutropenia?

Background: There is a need to identify clinical parameters for early and effective risk stratification and prediction of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients with febrile neutropenia (FN). Acetaminophen is used widely to treat fever in FN; however, little research exists on whether fever response to acetaminophen can be used as a predictor of BSIs.

Objectives: Investigate the relationship between fever response to acetaminophen and bacteremia in FN.

The economic and humanistic burden of bipolar disorder in adults in the United States.

Background: Bipolar disorder is associated with functional impairment and diminished health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The purpose of this study was to estimate the annual per patient direct healthcare costs, indirect costs, and HRQoL of patients with bipolar disorder by depressive symptom severity and overall compared to the general population in the US.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used self-reported data from the 2020 US National Health and Wellness Survey.

Do associated proximal fibula fractures help predict the severity of tibial plateau fractures?

Purpose: Proximal fibula fractures are often associated with tibial plateau fractures, but their relationship is poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to better define the relationship between tibial plateau injury severity and presence of associated soft tissue injuries.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on all operatively treated tibial plateau fractures at a Level 1 trauma center over a 5-year period.

Australian Patient Preferences for Discussing Spiritual Issues in the Hospital Setting: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study.

While there is high patient acceptance for clinical staff discussing issues regarding spirituality with hospital inpatients, it is not clear which staff member patients prefer for these discussions. This unique exploratory study investigated inpatient preferences regarding which staff member should raise the topic of spirituality. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with inpatients at six hospitals in Sydney, Australia (n = 897), with a subset invited to participate in qualitative interviews (n = 41).

Burden, Control, and Treatment of Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis in 2021: A United States Patient Survey Study.

Background: Recent data on unmet needs in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in the US are not available.

Objective: To describe disease control, quality of life (QoL), and treatment satisfaction in a United States population with moderate-to-severe AD.

Methods: Cross-sectional 2021 survey conducted among US patients recruited to an online survey from Kantar e-profiles, their panel partners, and Global Perspectives.

Australian Patient Preferences for the Introduction of Spirituality into their Healthcare Journey: A Mixed Methods Study.

While patients value engagement concerning their spirituality as a part of holistic healthcare, there is little evidence regarding the preferred way to engage in discussions about spirituality. This study investigated inpatient preferences regarding how they would like spirituality to be raised in the hospital setting. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with inpatients at six hospitals in Sydney, Australia (n = 897), with a subset invited to participate in qualitative interviews (n = 41).

A global perspective in second-line treatment patterns for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal cancer is a highly prevalent cancer associated with low survival, especially among those with advanced disease. Second-line (2L) treatment patterns and related clinical outcomes of patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (advESCC) treated in routine clinical care were examined globally and regionally.

Methods: A retrospective, noninterventional study collected physician-provided chart data of patients aged ≥20 years receiving either 2L active systemic therapy or BSC following first-line active therapy for advESCC from 11 countries in Asian and Western regions (September-October 2018).

Lattice Strain and Surface Activity of Ternary Nanoalloys under the Propane Oxidation Condition.

The ability to harness the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons is critical for both clean energy production and air pollutant elimination, which requires a detailed understanding of the dynamic role of the nanophase structure and surface reactivity under the reaction conditions. We report here findings of an in situ/operando study of such details of a ternary nanoalloy under the propane oxidation condition using high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction coupled to atomic pair distribution function (HE-XRD/PDF) analysis and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The catalysts are derived by alloying Pt with different combinations of second (Pd) and third (Ni) transition metals, showing a strong dependence of the catalytic activity on the Ni content.

Spectrum of Viral Pathogens Identified in Children with Clinical Myocarditis (Pre-Coronavirus Disease-2019, 2000-2018): Etiologic Agent Versus Innocent Bystander.

Objective: To identify the etiologies of viral myocarditis in children in the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 era.

Study Design: This was a retrospective review of all patients (age <18 years) diagnosed with myocarditis and hospitalized at Rady Children's Hospital San Diego between 2000 and 2018.

Results: Twenty-nine patients met inclusion criteria.

Patient and Neurologist Preferences in the United States for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Treatments: Findings from a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background And Objective: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with central nervous system dysfunction and accelerated brain volume loss (BVL). There exists a paucity of research examining the importance of BVL to patients and neurologists and exploring whether such preferences may differ between these two groups. This study sought to evaluate the preferences of patients and neurologists for RRMS treatments by considering benefits and risks associated with novel and common disease-modifying therapies (DMTs).

Patient and neurologist preferences in the UK for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treatments: findings from a discrete choice experiment.

Objective: To evaluate and compare patient and neurologist preferences for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treatments with respect to benefits and risks associated with common and novel disease-modifying therapies, including brain volume loss (BVL).

Methods: Patients with non-highly-active RRMS and neurologists in the United Kingdom completed an online cross-sectional survey. Patients completed one discrete choice experiment (DCE) exercise and providers completed two, one focusing on treatment for non-highly-active RRMS and another focused on highly active RRMS.

Heart Transplantation of a Preterm Infant With HLHS.

A 33-week gestation, 1.75-kg female infant with mitral stenosis/aortic atresia variant of hypoplastic left heart syndrome and severe ventriculo-coronary connections underwent surgical septectomy and bilateral pulmonary artery banding at five weeks of age (2.10 kg).