MetaWise: Combined Feature Selection and Weighting Method to Link the Serum Metabolome to Treatment Response and Survival in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant and devastating brain cancer characterized by its ability to rapidly and aggressively grow, infiltrating brain tissue, with nearly universal recurrence after the standard of care (SOC), which comprises maximal safe resection followed by chemoirradiation (CRT). The metabolic triggers leading to the reprogramming of tumor behavior and resistance are an area increasingly studied in relation to the tumor molecular features associated with outcome. There are currently no metabolomic biomarkers for GBM.

Correction: Tasci et al. RadWise: A Rank-Based Hybrid Feature Weighting and Selection Method for Proteomic Categorization of Chemoirradiation in Patients with Glioblastoma. 2023, , 2672.

In the original publication [...

Serum CD133-Associated Proteins Identified by Machine Learning Are Connected to Neural Development, Cancer Pathways, and 12-Month Survival in Glioblastoma.

Glioma is the most prevalent type of primary central nervous system cancer, while glioblastoma (GBM) is its most aggressive variant, with a median survival of only 15 months when treated with maximal surgical resection followed by chemoradiation therapy (CRT). CD133 is a potentially significant GBM biomarker. However, current clinical biomarker studies rely on invasive tissue samples.

MGMT ProFWise: Unlocking a New Application for Combined Feature Selection and the Rank-Based Weighting Method to Link MGMT Methylation Status to Serum Protein Expression in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal brain tumor with limited treatment options. O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status is the central molecular biomarker linked to both the response to temozolomide, the standard chemotherapy drug employed for GBM, and to patient survival. However, MGMT status is captured on tumor tissue which, given the difficulty in acquisition, limits the use of this molecular feature for treatment monitoring.

Corrigendum: Glioblastoma survival is associated with distinct proteomic alteration signatures post chemoirradiation in a large-scale proteomic panel.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.

Development and qualification of an automated capillary Western method for the identification of polysaccharide serotypes in pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV).

Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterial infection causes mortality in both adults and infants. To mitigate the impact of the disease, several Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been manufactured for the U.S.

Glioblastoma survival is associated with distinct proteomic alteration signatures post chemoirradiation in a large-scale proteomic panel.

Background: Glioblastomas (GBM) are rapidly progressive, nearly uniformly fatal brain tumors. Proteomic analysis represents an opportunity for noninvasive GBM classification and biological understanding of treatment response.

Purpose: We analyzed differential proteomic expression pre vs.

Racial and ethnic disparities in common inpatient safety outcomes in a children's hospital cohort.

Background: Emerging evidence has shown racial and ethnic disparities in rates of harm for hospitalised children. Previous work has also demonstrated how highly heterogeneous approaches to collection of race and ethnicity data pose challenges to population-level analyses. This work aims to both create an approach to aggregating safety data from multiple hospitals by race and ethnicity and apply the approach to the examination of potential disparities in high-frequency harm conditions.

RadWise: A Rank-Based Hybrid Feature Weighting and Selection Method for Proteomic Categorization of Chemoirradiation in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Glioblastomas (GBM) are rapidly growing, aggressive, nearly uniformly fatal, and the most common primary type of brain cancer. They exhibit significant heterogeneity and resistance to treatment, limiting the ability to analyze dynamic biological behavior that drives response and resistance, which are central to advancing outcomes in glioblastoma. Analysis of the proteome aimed at signal change over time provides a potential opportunity for non-invasive classification and examination of the response to treatment by identifying protein biomarkers associated with interventions.

A Serum Proteomic Signature Predicting Survival in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of brain tumor and has a uniformly poor prognosis. Development of prognostic biomarkers in easily accessible serum samples have the potential to improve the outcomes of patients with GBM through personalized therapy planning.

Material/methods: In this study pre-treatment serum samples from 30 patients newly diagnosed with GBM were evaluated using a 40-protein multiplex ELISA platform.

Radiosensitizers in the temozolomide era for newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a challenging diagnosis with almost universally poor prognosis. Though the survival advantage of postoperative radiation (RT) is well established, around 90% of patients will fail in the RT field. The high likelihood of local failure suggests the efficacy of RT needs to be improved to improve clinical outcomes.

Variability in Collection and Use of Race/Ethnicity and Language Data in 93 Pediatric Hospitals.

Objective: To describe how pediatric hospitals across the USA and Canada collect race/ethnicity and language preference (REaL) data and how they stratify quality and safety metrics using such data.

Methods: Pediatric hospitals from the Solutions for Patient Safety network (125 US, 6 Canadian) were surveyed between January and March 2018 on collection and use of patient/family race/ethnicity data and patient/family language preference data. The study team created the survey using a formal process including pre-testing.

Exploration of long-acting implant formulations of hepatitis B drug entecavir.

Alternative formulations of entecavir, a once daily oral hepatitis B antiretroviral, may improve treatment adherence by patients. We explored the use of biocompatible polymers to control entecavir dissolution in two formats suitable for subcutaneous implantation. Hot melt extrudates were prepared by extruding entecavir-polymer blends at specified weight ratios.

Late toxicity in long-term survivors from a phase 2 study of concurrent radiation therapy, temozolomide and valproic acid for newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic agent with histone deacetylase inhibitor activity shown to enhance overall survival and progression free survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM). This reports on the late toxicity of the VPA/radiotherapy (RT)/temozolomide (TMZ) combination in the long-term survivors of a phase 2 study evaluating this regimen.

Methods: 37 patients with newly diagnosed GBM were initially enrolled on this trial and received combination therapy.

Extended-Duration MK-8591-Eluting Implant as a Candidate for HIV Treatment and Prevention.

Regimen adherence remains a major hurdle to the success of daily oral drug regimens for the treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Long-acting drug formulations requiring less-frequent dosing offer an opportunity to improve adherence and allow for more forgiving options with regard to missed doses. The administration of long-acting formulations in a clinical setting enables health care providers to directly track adherence.

Differentiating pseudoprogression from true progression: analysis of radiographic, biologic, and clinical clues in GBM.

Introduction: Pseudoprogression (PsP) is a diagnostic dilemma in glioblastoma (GBM) after chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features may fail to distinguish PsP from early true progression (eTP), however clinical findings may aid in their distinction.

Methods: Sixty-seven patients received CRT for GBM between 2003 and 2016, and had pre- and post-treatment imaging suitable for retrospective evaluation using RANO criteria.

Re-irradiation for recurrent glioma- the NCI experience in tumor control, OAR toxicity and proposal of a novel prognostic scoring system.

Purpose/objectives: Despite mounting evidence for the use of re-irradiation (re-RT) in recurrent high grade glioma, optimal patient selection criteria for re-RT remain unknown. We present a novel scoring system based on radiobiology principles including target independent factors, the likelihood of target control, and the anticipated organ at risk (OAR) toxicity to allow for proper patient selection in the setting of recurrent glioma.

Materials/methods: Thirty one patients with recurrent glioma who received re-RT (2008-2016) at NCI - NIH were included in the analysis.

Mixed Reality Meets Pharmaceutical Development.

As science evolves, the need for more efficient and innovative knowledge transfer capabilities becomes evident. Advances in drug discovery and delivery sciences have directly impacted the pharmaceutical industry, though the added complexities have not shortened the development process. These added complexities also make it difficult for scientists to rapidly and effectively transfer knowledge to offset the lengthened drug development timelines.

Efficacy, long-term toxicity, and mechanistic studies of gold nanorods photothermal therapy of cancer in xenograft mice.

Gold nanorods (AuNRs)-assisted plasmonic photothermal therapy (AuNRs-PPTT) is a promising strategy for combating cancer in which AuNRs absorb near-infrared light and convert it into heat, causing cell death mainly by apoptosis and/or necrosis. Developing a valid PPTT that induces cancer cell apoptosis and avoids necrosis in vivo and exploring its molecular mechanism of action is of great importance. Furthermore, assessment of the long-term fate of the AuNRs after treatment is critical for clinical use.

In vitro investigations of gold nanocages: Toxicological profile in human keratinocyte cell line.

Gold nanocages (AuNCs) are comparatively novel nanostructures, as many of their characteristics are still to be exploited. The purpose of present study was to systematically investigate the toxicological effects of AuNCs on human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) utilizing Dark Field (DF)/Bright Field (BF) imaging and flow cytometry cell cycle techniques. We have applied surface modification, concentration, and incubation time of AuNCs as variables to investigate their effect on the cellular imaging and cell cycle response of HaCaT cells.

Biological Targeting of Plasmonic Nanoparticles Improves Cellular Imaging via the Enhanced Scattering in the Aggregates Formed.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) demonstrate great promise in biomedical applications due to their plasmonically enhanced imaging properties. When in close proximity, AuNPs plasmonic fields couple together, increasing their scattering cross-section due to the formation of hot spots, improving their imaging utility. In the present study, we modified the AuNPs surface with different peptides to target the nucleus and/or the cell as a whole, resulting in similar cellular uptake but different scattering intensities.

The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery.

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing area of research in part due to its integration into many biomedical applications. Within nanotechnology, gold and silver nanostructures are some of the most heavily utilized nanomaterial due to their unique optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties. In this review, common colloid synthesis methods and biofunctionalization strategies of gold and silver nanostructures are highlighted.