Sonographic Pulmonary Abnormalities in Fetuses With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Intact Atrial Septum Undergoing Attempted Atrial Septostomy In Utero.

Fetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and intact atrial septum are a particular subset of HLHS neonates with high perinatal mortality. The reported mortality in these patients is 50% to 70%, even with prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal left atrial and pulmonary venous hypertension results in abnormal pulmonary vascular and parenchymal development.

Effect of Training on Qualitative Mammographic Density Assessment.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of visual mammographic breast density assessment and determine if training can improve this assessment, to compare the accuracy of qualitative density assessment before and after training with a quantitative assessment tool, and to evaluate agreement between qualitative and quantitative density assessment methods.

Methods: Consecutive screening mammograms performed over a 4-month period were visually assessed by two study breast radiologists (the leads), who selected 200 cases equally distributed among the four BI-RADS density categories. These 200 cases were shown to 20 other breast radiologists (the readers) before and after viewing a training module on visual density assessment.

Breast density: clinical implications and assessment methods.

Breast density assessment is an important component of the screening mammography report and conveys information to referring clinicians about mammographic sensitivity and the relative risk for developing breast cancer. These topics have gained substantial attention because of recent legislation in several states that requires patients to be informed of dense breast tissue and the potential for associated breast cancer risk and decreased mammographic sensitivity. Because of the considerable implications of diagnosing a woman with dense breast tissue, radiologists should strive to be as consistent as possible when assessing breast density.

Immunosuppressant-induced acneiform eruption of the breast.

Acneiform eruptions are dermatoses that resemble true acne. They are almost always drug induced (Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2009;75:255). Unlike true acne, acneiform eruptions have sudden onset, widespread involvement, occur in unusual locations, occur beyond typical acne age, consist of monomorphous lesions, and clear after the offending drug has been discontinued.

Forecasting survival in the medical intensive care unit: a comparison of clinical prognoses with formal estimates.

Physicians often need to make prognostic judgments. In the present study, the accuracy was explored of survival estimates for patients in the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU). Estimates were made by physicians and nurses several times during each patient's stay in the MICU and were compared to those of the APACHE II scale, a widely used quantitative index for critically ill patients.