Grade migration and important prognostic factors in a pathology specimen for radical radiotherapy in prostate cancer patients.

The study aimed to evaluate grade migration and prognosis depending on pathologic features in patients with prostate cancer treated with radical external beam radiotherapy. The study included 139 patients with an initial Gleason score of 7 (3+4 or 4+3) i.e.

The role of endoscopic and demographic features in the diagnosis of gastric precancerous conditions.

Introduction: The diagnosis of atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a crucial screening and surveillance strategy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: The main objective was to assess the performance of endoscopic diagnosis of gastric precancerous conditions in a real‑life scenario.

Patients And Methods: A total of 2099 gastroscopies with biopsy to evaluate gastritis performed in 3 endoscopic centers from March 2018 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

The Concentration of CMKLR1 Expression on Clinicopathological Parameters of Colorectal Cancer: A Preliminary Study.

: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Angiogenesis is crucial for cancer growth, infiltration of surrounding tissues, and metastasis and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CRC. Chemerin/chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) is one of the biochemical pathways involved in the regulation of angiogenesis in solid tumors.

Assessment of sheep knee joint after ACL replacement with Achilles tendon autograft and PLA-based implant.

In this study, we propose a new approach in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) replacement to provide stability and integration with bone tunnel. A polylactide (PLA)-based tubular implant was used to support the graft stabilization in femoral and tibial bones and to stimulate the healing process after (ACL) replacement on a sheep model. The ACL was replaced with an autologous Achilles tendon split graft.

Advanced Leiomyosarcoma of the Retroperitoneal Space in a Kidney Transplant Recipient with a History of Peritoneal Dialysis: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Leiomyosarcoma frequently occurs in patients who are on immunosuppressive therapy. It is the second most common sarcoma in this population and is often associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. We present a case of advanced leiomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneal space in a kidney transplant recipient and discuss additional risk factors for oncogenesis.

Recurrence of melanoma in the scar after excised Spitz nevus in a 17-year-old child.

Melanoma in childhood is rare and its diagnosis is more difficult than in adults, as it often presents histologic features overlapping with the Spitz nevus. The authors report the case of a 17-year old boy who was first diagnosed with Spitz nevus, however, the final diagnosis made after the excision of the tumor arising in the scar was changed to melanoma. The case in this present study emphasizes the importance of the differential diagnosis of skin tumors in young patients.

Composite detection rate as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy quality measure correlating with detection of neoplasia.

Background: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is commonly used diagnostic method with no widely accepted quality measure. We assessed quality indicator-composite detection rate (CDR)-consisting of detection of at least one of the following: cervical inlet patch, gastric polyp and post-ulcer duodenal bulb deformation. The aim of the study was to validate CDR according to detection rate of upper gastrointestinal neoplasms (UGN).

Leydig cell ovarian tumor - clinical case description and literature review.

Leydig cell ovarian tumors constitute not only a medical problem for clinicians but also a social problem - which is why women with symptoms of hirsutism relatively quickly contact physicians for medical consultation. Leydig cell ovarian tumor is a rare sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor which constitutes less than 0.5% of ovarian tumors.

The new method, the old problem - role of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer among Polish women.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate spectral mammography (CESM) in diagnosing breast cancer, which is based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

Material And Methods: The study included a group of 547 women who underwent spectral mammography and histopathological verification of the lesion, previously seen in mammography and/or ultrasound. In the group of 547 women, 593 focal lesions were diagnosed.

Aggressive Angiomyxoma in an 11-Year-Old Boy - Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemmas: An Unusual Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare tumor with a high risk of local recurrence. Scrotal AAM mimics common pediatric pathologies including hernia or hydrocele. We present 11-year-old boy who underwent macroscopically radical excision of right scrotal AAM.

Effects of Polylactide Copolymer Implants and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bone Regeneration within a Large Calvarial Defect in Sheep.

The aim of this study was to verify whether L-lactide/DL-lactide copolymer 80/20 (PLDLLA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) trigger bone formation within critical-sized calvarial defects in adult sheep ( = 6). Two craniectomies, each ca. 3 cm in diameter, were created in each animal.

Protective Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Bee Pollen in a High-Fat Diet.

We have studied a preventive effect of polyphenol-rich bee pollen ethanol extract (EEP) against histological changes in the liver and cardiac blood vessels, abnormalities of lipid profile, and the levels of oxidized low density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II (ANG II) caused by a high-fat diet in CBL₆ mice. Supplementing the diet with EEP in the doses of 0.1 g/kg body mass (BM) and 1 g/kg BM resulted in a decrease of total cholesterol by 31% and 35%, respectively.

Serum interleukin‑17 levels predict inflammatory activity in patients with autoimmune hepatitis.

INTRODUCTION    The etiology of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is unclear, with molecular mimicry between host and viral/drug antigens being the most plausible mechanism initiating the immune cascade that induces hepatocyte injury. Finding a serologic parameter that closely relates to the liver histology would be beneficial for monitoring AIH activity and optimizing treatment. OBJECTIVES    We studied serum interleukin (IL)-17 levels and IL‑17 activators (IL‑6 and transforming growth factor β1 [TGF-β1]) in treatment-naive and immunosuppressed patients with AIH.

Vaspin mRNA levels in the liver of morbidly obese women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic vaspin mRNA in morbidly obese women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to look for its relationships with metabolic and histopathological features. The study included 56 severely obese women who underwent intraoperative wedge liver biopsy during bariatric surgery. Hepatic vaspin mRNA was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR.

Hepatic chemerin mRNA in morbidly obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate hepatic chemerin mRNA, serum chemerin concentration, and immunohistochemical staining for chemerin and and chemokine receptor-like 1 (CMKLR1) in hepatic tissue in 56 morbidly obese women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to search for a relationship with metabolic and histopathological features. Chemerin mRNA was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, chemerin, and CMKLR1 immunohistochemical expression with specific antibodies, while serum chemerin concentration was assessed with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum chemerin concentration reached 874.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast - a report of four cases.

Breast neuroendocrine tumours are rare, accounting for up to 5% of all breasts tumours and approximately 1% of all neuroendocrine tumours. In most cases, breast neuroendocrine tumours are histologically and moderately well differentiated. Neuroendocrine breast tumours lack characteristic imaging patterns.

Response to therapy of papillary thyroid cancer of known BRAF status.

Objective: A dynamic risk stratification with modified initial estimated risk based on response to therapy and disease course is one of the crucial changes adopted recently by the American Thyroid Association (ATA). This approach focuses on an individualized risk-adapted approach to the management of differentiated thyroid cancer. The BRAF V600E mutation is the most common genetic alteration in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Eosinophilic colitis in children.

Introduction: Eosinophilic colitis, which is a rare form of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases, occurs as primary and secondary allergic eosinophilic colitis of the gastrointestinal tract infection, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and vasculitis. The diagnosis is based on a significant amount of eosinophils in the inflammatory infiltrate of the colon wall.

Aim: To analyze the clinical picture taking into account comorbidities and endoscopic picture in children with eosinophilic colitis.

Standardized grossing protocol is useful for the pathology reporting of malignant neoplasms other than adenocarcinomas treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: There is no universally accepted protocol for gross examination of pancreaticoduodenectomy specimens. Standardized protocol (SP), known as Leeds Pathology Protocol, was previously validated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In this study we aimed to assess usefulness of SP in a series of specimens with pancreatic, ampullary, and duodenal malignant neoplasms other than adenocarcinomas.

Increase in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Incidence Is Accompanied by Changes in the Frequency of the BRAF V600E Mutation: A Single-Institution Study.

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) has one of the fastest increasing incidences worldwide and primarily involves papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The BRAF(V600E) mutation is the most common genetic alteration identified in PTC. There are few data concerning an association between the rising incidence of PTC and the increasing prevalence of BRAF-positive cases.

Visfatin and TGF-Β1 in primary biliary cirrhosis and two other common liver diseases.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study is to investigate plasma concentration of visfatin and transforming growth factor Β1 (TGF-Β1) in three groups of patients: primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and toxic cirrhosis (TC). We qualified the patients into the study and assigned them to the appropriate group according to clinical examination, laboratory tests and ultrasound imaging technic (US). We showed that plasma concentrations of visfatin in PBC, NAFLD and TC group were respectively 1.