Trends in HIV Testing Among US Adults, Aged 18-64 Years, 2011-2017.

In 2006, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended HIV screening in healthcare or clinical settings for all persons aged 13-64 years and annual rescreening for populations at high risk for HIV. We used the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to describe the prevalence and trends of ever tested for HIV and tested for HIV in the past 12 months among US adults. The percentage of ever tested increased from 42.

Assessing Differences in CDC-Funded HIV Testing by Urbanicity, United States, 2016.

HIV prevention efforts have contributed to a decline in annual HIV infections in the United States. However, progress has been uneven and certain groups and geographic areas continue to be disproportionately affected. Subsequent to implementation of CDC's high-impact HIV prevention approach to reducing new infections, we analyzed national-level CDC-funded HIV test data from 2016 to describe the population being reached in three urbanicity settings (metropolitan: ≥ 1,000,000 population; urban: 50,000-999,999; rural: < 50,000).

The Detroit Community-Academic Urban Research Center: development, implementation, and evaluation.

There is increasing research evidence that stressors in the social and physical environment (e.g., poverty, inadequate housing, air pollution, and racism) are associated with poor health outcomes.

Establishing LA VIDA: a community-based partnership to prevent intimate violence against Latina women.

LA VIDA--the Southwest Detroit Partnership to Prevent Intimate Violence Against Latina Women--evolved in response to community concern about the problem of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the lack of culturally competent preventive and support services for Latino women and men in southwest Detroit. Since 1997, diverse organizations have mobilized as a community-academic partnership to ensure the availability, accessibility, and utilization of IPV services. This article describes and analyzes the evolution of LA VIDA within a community-based participatory research framework using a case study approach that draws on multiple data sources including group and individual interviews and field notes.

Preventing Halloween arson in an urban setting: a model for multisectoral planning and community participation.

Arson is a violent crime and a public health problem that causes injuries and deaths, destroys homes, and destabilizes neighborhoods. During the late 1970s, pre-Halloween pranks in Detroit, Michigan, turned destructive when hundreds of fires were set deliberately throughout the city; in 1984, a record of 810 fires were set during the Halloween period. In 1985, a city wide anti-arson campaign that involved the mobilization and training of thousands of community volunteers was begun in Detroit.

Conducting a participatory community-based survey for a community health intervention on Detroit's east side.

This article describes a participatory action research process that brought together community members, representatives from community-based organizations and service providers, and academic researchers to collect, interpret, and apply community information to address issues related to the health of women and children in a geographically defined urban area. It describes the development and administration of a community-based survey designed to inform an intervention research project; discusses the establishment of a community/research partnership and issues that the partnership confronted in the process of developing and administering the survey; and examines the contributions of participants, and implications for research and collective action.

Management of diarrhoea at the household level: a population-based survey in Suleja, Nigeria.

Home management of diarrhoea was studied in 1,638 children under 5 years of age whose 1,160 mothers we randomly selected in Suleja local government area (LGA) in November 1991. The sampling method used was a cluster scheme based on "probability proportionate to size", with 40 clusters randomly selected. Prevalence of diarrhoea during the two preceding weeks was 20.

Zinc status of children with sickle cell disease: relationship to poor growth.

We examined the zinc status of 80 children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and 44 disease-free sibling controls aged 3 to 18 years. For both patients and controls, variations in serum zinc by age, type of hemoglobinopathy, and growth status were measured. The mean serum zinc concentration of patients was significantly lower than for controls (77.

Pregnancy and birth rates among sexually experienced US teenagers--1974, 1980, and 1983.

We examined pregnancy rates and birth rates among United States teenagers aged 15 to 19 years in 1974, 1980, and 1983. Pregnancy rate refers to live births plus induced abortions per 1000 women; birth rate refers to live births per 1000 women. We present these rates for all teens aged 15 to 19 years and for teens aged 15 to 19 years who were sexually experienced.

Growth patterns by age and sex in children with sickle cell disease.

We examined growth patterns by age and sex in 133 children and adolescents with sickle cell disease. These patients are estimated to be representative of the total population aged 1 to 18 years with sickle cell disease in a large metropolitan area. Median height and weight curves constructed from serial growth data available for all 133 children demonstrated impairment in height and weight at all ages and in both sexes.