Publications by authors named "Machiko Kawamura"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of venetoclax plus azacitidine (VEN+AZA) in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), considering factors affecting treatment success and continuation.
  • In a review of 39 patients, the results showed a 61.5% rate of composite complete remission, with median overall survival at 7.7 months and significant treatment discontinuation at 76.9%.
  • The findings highlighted that better outcomes were correlated with factors like lower cytogenetic risk and appropriate treatment timing, underscoring the importance of selecting suitable candidates for this treatment to enhance prognosis.
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  • An 84-year-old woman was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and initially treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), achieving complete hematological remission.
  • After refusing consolidation therapy, she experienced a hematological relapse and was treated with arsenite (ATO), resulting in complete molecular remission.
  • Following further relapses and treatments, including tamibarotene and a combination of venetoclax and azacitidine, she ultimately succumbed to gastrointestinal hemorrhage, highlighting the complexities of treating CD56-positive APL resistant to standard therapies.
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  • - A patient with FLT3-mutated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) relapsed despite treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy, as well as re-induction therapy with arsenic trioxide and high-dose cytarabine, which failed to achieve remission.
  • - The leukemic cells resisted conventional therapies; therefore, the medical team opted for gilteritinib, a selective FLT3 inhibitor, as an alternative treatment option.
  • - The patient achieved complete hematologic remission with gilteritinib, highlighting its potential effectiveness as a single-agent therapy for patients with resistant FLT3-mutated APL prior to transplantation.
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  • After 8 cycles of treatment, she achieved a complete response, leading to maintenance therapy with atezolizumab.
  • Despite initial recovery, her platelet count decreased, prompting a diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia, for which she was successfully treated with prednisolone.
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  • A study was conducted using Raman spectroscopy (RS) to detect cancer in unstained esophageal and gastric tissue specimens post-surgery, demonstrating that histological differences affect the Raman-scattered light spectrum.
  • The researchers developed a Raman device for live tissue observation, successfully capturing spectra from 6 esophageal and 12 gastric samples without damaging the tissues.
  • The results led to the establishment of diagnostic cut-off values and an algorithm for identifying esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma based on molecular-level data analysis.
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Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a poor prognostic subtype of pediatric leukemia. However, the detailed characteristics of many genetic abnormalities are yet to be established in this disease. Although TP53 and RB1 are established as representative tumor suppressor genes in various cancers, alterations of these two genes, especially RB1, have not been characterized in pediatric AML.

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  • A 76-year-old woman with diabetes and Hashimoto's disease was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after discovering swollen neck lymph nodes.
  • She also had Russell body gastritis (RBG), confirmed through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, but there were no signs of lymphoma spread in her stomach, and tests for Helicobacter pylori were negative.
  • After receiving 6 cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy, she achieved complete remission by November of the same year, and a follow-up endoscopy showed no signs of RBG, indicating a potential link between the two conditions.
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JAK2 rearrangements can occur in Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL). Here, we performed functional analysis of the SPAG9::JAK2 fusion, which was identified in a pediatric patient with Ph-like ALL, to establish molecular targeted therapy. Ba/F3 cells expressing SPAG9::JAK2 generated by retroviral transduction (Ba/F3-SPAG9-JAK2), proliferated in the absence of IL-3, and exhibited constitutive phosphorylation of the tyrosine residues in the JAK2 kinase domain of the fusion protein and STAT3/STAT5.

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A 76-year-man presented with generalized lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy led to the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization (EBER)-positive angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). He was initiated on treatment with oral prednisolone (PSL) at the dose of 50 mg/day; however, he was diagnosed as having right pleural effusion.

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  • * Due to worsening kidney function, she later received bendamustine and rituximab, but developed hemodialysis needs after Cr levels peaked at 8.41 mg/dL.
  • * After developing nephrotic syndrome, she was treated with tirabrutinib, leading to significant improvement and a complete response, marking the first use of tirabrutinib in a patient on hemodialysis.*
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Purpose: Minimally invasive examinations are particularly important in pediatric patients. Although the significance of urinary N,N-diacetylspermine (DiAcSpm) as a tumor marker (TM) has been reported in many types of adult cancers, its usefulness in pediatric cancers has not been reported. This may be due to urinary DiAcSpm level variations with age.

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important disease worldwide, accounting for the second highest number of cancer-related deaths and the third highest number of new cancer cases. The blood test is a simple and minimally invasive diagnostic test. However, there is currently no blood test that can accurately diagnose CRC.

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Kasumi-1 has played an important role in an experimental model with t(8;21) translocation, which is a representative example of leukemia cell lines. However, previous studies using Kasumi-1 show discrepancies in the genome profile. The wide use of leukemia cell lines is limited to lines that are well-characterized.

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In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), () rearrangements are among the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities; however, knowledge of the genetic landscape of -rearranged AML is limited. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing (n = 9) and targeted sequencing (n = 56) of samples from pediatric -rearranged AML patients enrolled in the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group AML-05 study. Additionally, we analyzed 105 pediatric t(8;21) AML samples and 30 adult -rearranged AML samples.

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High PRDM16 (also known as MEL1) expression is a representative marker of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with NUP98-NSD1 and is a significant predictive marker for poor prognosis in pediatric AML. However, the clinical features of adult AML with PRDM16 expression remain unclear. PRDM16 is highly homologous to MDS1/EVI1, which is an alternatively spliced transcript of MECOM (also known as EVI1).

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Background: Emerging evidence has suggested that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in body fluids have novel diagnostic and prognostic significance for patients with malignant diseases. The lack of useful biomarkers is a crucial problem of bone and soft tissue sarcomas; therefore, we investigated the circulating miRNA signature and its clinical relevance in osteosarcoma.

Methods: Global miRNA profiling was performed using patient serum collected from a discovery cohort of osteosarcoma patients and controls and cell culture media.

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Immunochromatography (IC) is widely used to detect target molecules in biological fluids. Since this method can be performed without a special technique or device, IC is a convenient way to assess the existence of antibodies or pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, simply and quickly. In this study, we established an IC method to detect serum antibodies against oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV-18 L1 proteins using recombinant L1 proteins produced by silkworms as antigens.

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A man in his early forties who had undergone 3 years of unsuccessful treatment for infertility due to oligospermia and asthenospermia developed fever and bone pain in December 20XX. He was subsequently diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Conventional cytogenetic analysis revealed Robertsonian translocation (RT) with der(13;14)(q10;q10) in addition to the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome.

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We have identified a novel SPAG9-JAK2 fusion in a B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with t(9;17)(p24;q21) and a poor outcome, using paired-end transcriptome sequencing. Homozygous and hemizygous deletions of CDKN2A/2B, and hemizygous deletions of PAX5, BTG1, CDK6, ADARB2, and IKZF1 were also identified by multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification and single nucleotide polymorphism array analyses. Having both a tyrosine kinase-activating rearrangement and genomic lesions affecting lymphoid transcription factors suggested that the leukemia was of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)/BCR-ABL1-like ALL subtype and that JAK2 inhibitors might be able to overcome this aggressive ALL with SPAG9-JAK2.

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Patients diagnosed with t(8;21)-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are currently considered to have good prognoses, but about half of these patients relapse. FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD) is generally thought to be strongly associated with poor prognosis in AML, but is rarely reported in patients with t(8;21)-AML. Expression of the neural cell-adhesion molecule (CD56) is also associated with a significantly shorter complete remission duration and survival in patients with t(8;21)-AML.

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Recent studies have shown that high BAALC expression predicts an adverse prognosis and may define an important risk factor in acute myeloid leukemia patients with normal karyotype. We performed, using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR), the molecular analysis of BAALC gene as a possible minimal residual disease (MRD) marker in 45 patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia. BAALC transcript levels in 32 patients with CD34 expressed in leukemic blasts were 2-3 logs higher than background levels, and the copy number was reduced in patients achieving hematological remission.

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