An innovative way to highlight the power of each polymorphism on elite athletes phenotype expression.

The purpose of this study was to determine the probability of soccer players having the best genetic background that could increase performance, evaluating the polymorphism that are considered Performance Enhancing Polymorphism (PEPs) distributed on five genes: PPARα, PPARGC1A, NRF2, ACE e CKMM. Particularly, we investigated how each polymorphism works directly or through another polymorphism to distinguish elite athletes from non-athletic population. Sixty professional soccer players (age 22.

Sexual rehabilitation in women with spinal cord injury: a critical review of the literature.

Study Design: Review article.

Objectives: Critical review of literature on the multiple aspects of sexual rehabilitation in women with spinal cord injury (SCI) from initial recovery to long-term follow-up.

Setting: Neuro-urology Department.

Efficacy and safety of tadalafil for erectile dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Data are sparse concerning the effects of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for erectile dysfunction (ED) in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tadalafil use in subjects with ED because of MS.

Methods: Ninety-six MS patients with ED after a 4-week treatment-free period were given tadalafil 10 mg.

Ten-year follow-up of sildenafil use in spinal cord-injured patients with erectile dysfunction.

Introduction: Data are sparse concerning the long-term effects of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term sildenafil use in subjects with ED caused by spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: Phase 1: From October 1998 to January 1999, 113 SCI patients with ED were given 50 mg of sildenafil after a 4-week treatment-free period.

Clinical outcome of sacral neuromodulation in incomplete spinal cord-injured patients suffering from neurogenic bowel dysfunctions.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objectives: Efficacy and safety of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in incomplete spinal cord-injured patients (SCIPs) affected by chronic neurogenic bowel symptoms (NBSs).

Setting: Neurourology Department.

Ten years of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in spinal cord injured patients.

Introduction: The majority of men with spinal cord injury (SCI) require chronic treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), but most of them, prior to taking phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, stopped therapy due to side-effects or low compliance rate.

Aim: Analysis of literature on oral PDE5 inhibitors in individuals with SCI and ED in order to evaluate how much their release changed the management of ED in SCI subjects and what remains to be seen of their potential or limits.

Main Outcome Measures: Questionnaires on sexual function.

Efficacy and safety of medium and long-term tadalafil use in spinal cord patients with erectile dysfunction.

Introduction: The efficacy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for a broad spectrum of erectile dysfunction (ED) is largely reported in literature. Data are lacking concerning medium and long-term effects and safety of these treatments.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of medium and long-term use of tadalafil in subjects with ED because of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Sacral neuromodulation for lower urinary tract dysfunction and impact on erectile function.

Introduction: The first sacral nerve stimulators were for urinary urgency incontinence, urgency-frequency, and nonobstructive urinary retention. Since then, observations have been made for benefits beyond voiding disorders.

Aim: To evaluate if sacral neuromodulation (SNM) using the InterStim system (Medtronic Inc.

Sexual life of males over 50 years of age with spinal-cord lesions of at least 20 years.

Background: To assess over the past year the sexuality of male patients with spinal-cord injury (SCI) over 50 years of age with spinal lesions of at least 20 years.

Methods: Subjects were stratified in two groups: 44 individuals under 60 years and 55 individuals over 60 years. A detailed sexual anamnesis was taken for all, and the SF-36 Health Survey questionnaire was completed, with questions 13 and 14 concerning overall sexual life answered through the International Index of Erectile Function.

Clinical female sexual outcome after sacral neuromodulation implant for lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS).

Introduction: Over the last few years, sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has become an established treatment option for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Aim: To evaluate if SNM improves sexual function in females treated with SNM for LUTS.

Main Outcome Measures: Improvement in sexuality by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Score (FSDS).

Neurogenic detrusor overactivity treated with english botulinum toxin a: 8-year experience of one single centre.

Objective: Determine long-term effect of English botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA; Dysport) for refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) for possible reduction of BoNTA efficacy after repeated injections.

Methods: Between 1999 and 2005, 199 patients with spinal cord lesions with refractory NDO were treated with Dysport. All patients underwent a clinical examination, urinalysis, and videourodynamic study at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 mo after each treatment, as well as a visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment and a bladder diary checked for 1 wk before each visit.

Vardenafil improves urodynamic parameters in men with spinal cord injury: results from a single dose, pilot study.

Purpose: We assessed urodynamic changes after vardenafil administration in spinal cord injured male patients on oxybutynin treatment.

Materials And Methods: We performed a single center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial in 25 patients with spinal cord injury who had erectile dysfunction and micturition disorders. A baseline urodynamic test was performed as well as a second urodynamic test 1 to 3 hours after the administration of 20 mg vardenafil and placebo in 15 and 10 cases, respectively.

Female sexual dysfunction and hormonal status in spinal cord injured (SCI) patients.

To investigate a possible correlation between sexual hormonal status and the presence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in females with spinal cord injuries (SCI), we selected 39 SCI fertile-aged women. At visit 1, we assessed the presence of FSD using the FSFI, and all individuals were submitted to a blood hormone evaluation on the third day of their menstrual cycle. The levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), androstenedione, 17[alpha]-hydroxyprogesterone; total and free testosterone, 17beta-estradiol, inhibin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and thyroid hormones (fT3 and fT4) were checked.

Evaluation of tamoxifen and anastrozole in the prevention of gynecomastia and breast pain induced by bicalutamide monotherapy of prostate cancer.

Purpose: To determine whether tamoxifen or anastrozole prevents gynecomastia and breast pain caused by bicalutamide (150 mg) without compromising efficacy, safety, or sexual functioning.

Patients And Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed in patients with localized, locally advanced, or biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. Patients (N = 114) were randomly assigned to either bicalutamide (150 mg/d) plus placebo or in combination with tamoxifen (20 mg/d) or anastrozole (1 mg/d) for 48 weeks.

Role of bladder neck preservation in urinary continence following radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Objective: To report our experience of the influence of bladder neck preservation on patient continence.

Material And Methods: Radical retropubic prostatectomy with bladder neck preservation was performed in 131 patients (age range 48-73 years; mean 64.5 years).

[Alternative treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy].

In our study we propose to find an alternative to surgery management of IPB usable in DH regime with current instrumentation or with new technology from physics. We retrospectively reviewed techniques commonly mentioned in the literature to value benefits about cost, comfort, outcomes, and, at the same time, we stress disadvantages regarding each of these. TUI is economical, can be done in a few minutes, involves minimum bleeding, but can't be utilized in III lobe prostate and it doesn't provide material for histological tests.