Page Kidney Complicating Kidney Biopsy after Stopping Apixaban: A Physician's Dilemma.

Page kidney was described by Page, following very elaborate experiments with animal kidneys in 1939, with persistent arterial hypertension from "cellophane perinephritis." Subsequently, it was reported after trauma, from renal cysts and tumors, and from intrarenal hematoma complicating percutaneous kidney biopsy. We describe Page kidney associated with acute kidney injury 26 days after an uncomplicated ultrasound-guided right native kidney biopsy.

Pseudo-arterial Temporary Hemodialysis Catheter Placement in the Left Internal Jugular Vein Ipsilateral to a Preexisting Brachio-axillary Arteriovenous Graft.

Internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation was originally described by English . in 1969 as the safest approach. Carotid artery puncture had an incidence rate of 4-6% before ultrasound guidance.

Post-Renal Biopsy Acute Kidney Injury and Page Kidney from Intra-Renal Hematoma Aggravated by Reversible Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Following Renal Arterial Embolization.

BACKGROUND Page kidney was described by Dr. Irving Page in animal kidneys in 1939 with renal failure and persistent arterial hypertension from "cellophane perinephritis". By 2009, about 100 cases of Page kidney had been reported.

A Novel Diagnostic Approach for Suspected Icodextrin Pleural Effusion in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient.

Symptomatic pleural effusion secondary to pleuroperitoneal communication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) occurs in approximately 2% of patients undergoing continuous ambulatory PD. The classic presentation is that of a low-protein, high-glucose pleural aspirate consistent with the high dextrose concentrations present in standard PD fluids, hence the name . Nevertheless, the increasing use of icodextrin calls for an innovative bedside diagnostic approach because icodextrin does not contain high concentrations of dextrose after all.

Acute Kidney Injury in Heart Failure Revisited-The Ameliorating Impact of "Decongestive Diuresis" on Renal Dysfunction in Type 1 Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome: Accelerated Rising Pro B Naturetic Peptide Is a Predictor of Good Renal Prognosis.

There is mounting evidence that forward heart failure as manifested by low cardiac output alone does not define the degree of renal dysfunction in cardiorenal syndrome. As a result, the term "congestive renal failure" was coined in 2012 by Ross to depict the role of renal venous hypertension in type 1 acute cardiorenal syndrome. If so, aggressive decongestive therapies, either through mechanical ultrafiltration with dialysis machines or pharmacologic ultrafiltration with potent diuretics, would lead to improved cardio and renal outcomes.

A curious case of persistently relapsing hyperkalemia in an ESRD patient on maintenance hemodialysis following bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement - a potential case for the use of the new agent, patiromer, for hyperkalemia management.

Hyperkalemia is not uncommon in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis, often related to dietary indiscretion, following the prolonged inter-dialytic weekend interval in patients on thrice weekly hemodialysis treatments, and sometimes the adverse effects of medications such as RAAS blocking agents. Moreover, hyperkalemia following extended cardiac surgery can result from the use of high-potassium containing cardioplegic solutions used during cardiopulmonary bypass. Nevertheless, different from the foregoing, in the nephrology literature, there have been very rare reports of potentially life-threatening hyperkalemia following cardiac valve replacement procedure.

Severe symptomatic acute hyponatremia in traumatic brain injury responded very rapidly to a single 15 mg dose of oral tolvaptan; a Mayo Clinic Health System hospital experience - need for caution with tolvaptan in younger patients with preserved renal function.

Tolvaptan is now well established as a potent pharmaceutical agent for symptomatic hyponatremia from syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), congestive heart failure and liver cirrhosis. Previous studies had recruited older (63-65 years) patients with mild renal impairment (serum creatinine, 1.3-1.

The Ignored Role of Intraoperative Hypotension in Producing Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury-An Obligatory Appeal for More Preventative Nephrology.

Background/objective: Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) invariably follows the induction of general anesthesia during surgical operations. The current prevailing and predominant consensus is that IOH has immense clinical benefits such as reduced bleeding, less need for blood transfusions, and shorter surgery times. Simultaneously, it is assumed that IOH is devoid of adverse renal, hepatic and neurological consequences.

Pleuritic chest pain from portal hypertensive gastropathy in ESRD patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease misdiagnosed as pericarditis.

Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is a gastric mucosal lesion complicating portal hypertension, with higher prevalence in decompensated cirrhosis. PHG can sometimes complicate autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) due to the presence of multiple liver cysts. Besides, PHG is known to present as chest pain, with or without hematemesis.

Intraoperative hypotension - a neglected causative factor in hospital-acquired acute kidney injury; a Mayo Clinic Health System experience revisited.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a relatively common complication of cardiothoracic surgery and has both short- and long-term survival implications, even when AKI does not progress to severe renal failure. Given that currently, there are no active effective treatments for AKI, other than renal replacement therapy when indicated, the focus of clinicians ought to be on prevention and risk factor management. In the AKI-surgery literature, there exists this general consensus that intraoperative hypotension (IH) following hypotensive anesthesia (HA) or controlled hypotension (CH) in the operating room has no significant short-term and long-term impacts on renal function.

Diabetic Nephropathy and CKD-Analysis of Individual Patient Serum Creatinine Trajectories: A Forgotten Diagnostic Methodology for Diabetic CKD Prognostication and Prediction.

Creatinine is produced in muscle metabolism as the end-product of creatine phosphate and is subsequently excreted principally by way of the kidneys, predominantly by glomerular filtration. Blood creatinine assays constitute the most common clinically relevant measure of renal function. The use of individual patient-level real-time serum creatinine trajectories provides a very attractive and tantalizing methodology in nephrology practice.

RAAS inhibition and cardiorenal syndrome.

The consensus conference on cardio-renal syndromes (2008) defined 'cardio-renal syndromes' as 'disorders of the heart and kidneys whereby acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction of the other' and identified five subtypes of the syndromes. Various pathophysiologic mechanisms underlie cardiorenal syndrome including hemodynamic derangements, reduced cardiac output leading to impaired renal perfusion, reduced stroke volume, raised atrial filling pressures, elevated atrial pressures, sodium and water retention, venous congestion, right ventricular dysfunction and venous hypertension causing increased renal venous pressure, intra-abdominal hypertension, various neurohormonal adaptations including activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, adaptive activation of the sympathetic nervous system, cytokine release and oxidative stress. Although there are standardized clinical guidelines for the management of heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, respectively, there are no similar consensus clinical guidelines for the management of the cardiorenal syndromes.

Unexplained hypotension and exertional dyspnea in a night-cycled peritoneal dialysis patient--a rare form of icodextrin hypersensitivity.

In recent years, icodextrin 7.5% has been used in PD as an alternative to glucose to achieve sustained reliable ultrafiltration (UF) and clearance without adversely increasing glucose absorption. Icodextrin is generally well tolerated.