Estimating Reductions in Ethnic Inequalities in Child Adiposity from Hypothetical Diet, Screen Time, and Sports Participation Interventions.

Background: Childhood obesity is a global epidemic, and its prevalence differs by ethnicity. The objective of this study was to estimate the change in ethnic inequalities in child adiposity at age 10 resulting from interventions on diet at age 8 and screen time and sports participation at age 9.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study, the Generation R Study, from 9,749 births in Rotterdam (2002-2006), of which 9,506 children remained in the analysis.

Change in postmenarche anthropometric indicators in indigenous and nonindigenous adolescents from Chile.

Objective: To analyze the change in anthropometric indicators between menarche and 36 months after menarche among indigenous and non-indigenous adolescents from the Araucanía Region of Chile.

Method: This was a concurrent cohort study. Of 8,504 girls interviewed, 114 indigenous adolescents and 123 nonindigenous adolescents who had recently experienced menarche were selected.

Indigenous and tribal peoples' health (The Lancet-Lowitja Institute Global Collaboration): a population study.

Background: International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important public health insights. Reliable data are required for the development of policy and health services. Previous studies document poorer outcomes for Indigenous peoples compared with benchmark populations, but have been restricted in their coverage of countries or the range of health indicators.

[Fruit and vegetable intake, and blood pressure. A population research].

Consuming fruits and vegetables is known to lower blood pressure. However, it is unclear how much should be consumed in order to achieve this effect. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and blood pressure.

Postmenarche growth: cohort study among indigenous and non-indigenous Chilean adolescents.

Background: In Chile, indigenous and non-indigenous schoolchildren have the same stature when they begin school but indigenous adults are shorter, indicating the importance of analyzing growth during puberty. The aim of this study was to compare the growth of indigenous and non-indigenous girls during the 36 months after menarche in Chile's Araucanía Region.

Methods: A concurrent cohort study was conducted to compare growth in the two ethnic groups, which were comprised of 114 indigenous and 126 non-indigenous girls who recently experienced menarche and were randomly selected.

Is waist circumference a better predictor of blood pressure, insulin resistance and blood lipids than body mass index in young Chilean adults?

Background: It has been reported that waist circumference (WC) is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors than body mass index (BMI), although the findings have not been consistent. The aim of this study was to assess which measurement, BMI or WC, is more strongly associated with blood pressure, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and blood lipids in young Chilean adults.

Methods: 999 subjects aged 22 to 28 years were randomly selected from a registry of individuals born between 1974 and 1978 at the Hospital of Limache, Chile.

Socioeconomic status and age at menarche in indigenous and non-indigenous Chilean adolescents.

The objective was to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status and age at menarche among indigenous and non-indigenous girls in the Araucanía Region of Chile, controlling for nutritional status and mother's age at menarche. A total of 8,624 randomly selected girls from 168 schools were screened, resulting in the selection of 207 indigenous and 200 non-indigenous girls who had recently experienced menarche. Age at menarche was 149.

[What kind of intervention has the best results to reduce the weight in overweighted or obese adults?].

Evidence has shown that interventions which involve changes in a person's lifestyle, such as diet and physical activity, lead to weight loss and thus reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. However, the effectiveness and necessary duration of specific interventions are unclear. The purpose of this research was to evaluate and compare the effect on weight of interventions based on diet, exercise and a combination of both.