7 days of L-citrulline supplementation does not improve running performance in the heat whilst in a hypohydrated state.

Purpose: 7 days L-citrulline supplementation has been reported to improve blood pressure, O kinetics, gastrointestinal (GI) perfusion and endurance cycling performance through increasing arterial blood flow. In situations where blood volume is compromised (e.g.

Is extended venous thromboprophylaxis required in patients undergoing ileal pouch procedure for ulcerative colitis?

Aim: Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are relatively common adverse surgical complications. Extended VTE prophylaxis for 4 weeks is recommended after colorectal cancer surgery, but its use in inflammatory bowel disease surgery lacks high-quality evidence. This retrospective study aimed to assess and characterize VTEs within the first 30 days after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) procedures and subtotal colectomies (STCs) for ulcerative colitis (UC).

Routine diversion following delayed IPAA construction does not reduce the incidence of pouch-related sepsis or failure in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare modified 2-stage and 3-stage IPAA construction techniques to evaluate the effect of diverting loop ileostomy following completion proctectomy and IPAA for ulcerative colitis. In addition, our overall institutional experience was reviewed to describe long-term outcomes and changes in staging trends over time.

Methods: Our institutional database was searched to identify all cases of IPAA for ulcerative colitis between 1981 and 2018.

Reliability of anaerobic and aerobic mobility performance tests used in wheelchair rugby, wheelchair basketball and wheelchair tennis: A systematic review.

Background: Understanding the reliability and validity of field-based mobility and performance tests used within the wheelchair sports of basketball (WCB), rugby (WCR) and tennis (WCT) can assist in understanding an athletes' physiological state, training effects, and/or assist with optimising their wheelchair-user interface.

Purpose: To examine, evaluate and synthesize current aerobic and anaerobic field-based mobility and performance tests used in WCB, WCR and WCT.

Methods: A systematic search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Older Men, The Patient-Physician Relationship, and Patient Involvement.

Despite the fact that older adults interact frequently with physicians, there is little research examining their preferences, and perceptions of the patient-physician relationship. Research on this topic is particularly sparse when it comes to older men. This study investigates older men's experiences with physicians, their perceptions of the patient-physician relationship, and the extent to which they wished to be involved in their health care.

Exercise-induced hypohydration impairs 3 km treadmill-running performance in temperate conditions.

Research assessing exercise-induced hypohydration on running performance in a temperate environment is scarce. Given the weight-bearing nature of running, the negative effects of hypohydration might be offset by the weight-loss associated with a negative fluid balance. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of exercise-induced hypohydration on running performance in temperate conditions.

Exploring mentorship in surgery: An interview study on how people stick together.

Objective: The objective is to explore the processes contributing to how and why mentors and mentees initiate, maintain and grow in their mentorship relationships in surgery.

Background: To explore the processes contributing to how and why mentors and mentees initiate, maintain and grow their mentorship relationships in surgery. Evidence suggests that mentorship has a positive impact on physicians' success.

A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study examining an Oxygen Nanobubble Beverage for 16.1-km Time Trial and Repeated Sprint Cycling Performance.

There is growing interest of ergogenic aids that deliver supplemental oxygen during exercise and recovery, however, breathing supplemental oxygen specialist facemasks is often not feasible. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of an oxygen-nanobubble beverage during submaximal and repeated sprint cycling. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 10 male cyclists (peak aerobic capacity, 56.

Long-Term Effectiveness of a Clinician-Assisted Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Smoking Cessation: Secondary Outcomes From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: This study evaluated the secondary effectiveness outcomes for Quit Genius, a digital clinician-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for smoking cessation.

Methods: Adult smokers (N = 556) were randomly assigned to Quit Genius (n = 277), a digital, clinician-assisted CBT intervention or very brief advice (VBA) to stop smoking, an evidence-based, 30-s intervention designed to facilitate quit attempts, coupled with referral to a cessation service (n = 279). Participants were offered combination nicotine replacement therapy (patches and gum) tailored to individual nicotine dependence.

Transabdominal IPAA Revision: Does Indication Dictate Outcome?

Background: Following IPAA failure, select patients are eligible for IPAA revision. Presently, there is limited evidence describing long-term revision outcomes and predictors of revision failure. This represents an important knowledge gap when selecting and counseling patients.

Consumption of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Improves Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Non-Resistance Trained Men and Women: A Double-Blind Randomised Trial.

Background: Blackcurrant is rich in anthocyanins that may protect against exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and facilitate a faster recovery of muscle function. We examined the effects of New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract on indices of muscle damage and recovery following a bout of strenuous isokinetic resistance exercise.

Methods: Using a double-blind, randomised, placebo controlled, parallel design, twenty-seven healthy participants received either a 3 g·day NZBC extract ( = 14) or the placebo (PLA) ( = 13) for 8 days prior to and 4 days following 60 strenuous concentric and eccentric contractions of the biceps brachii muscle on an isokinetic dynamometer.

Modular Lentiviral Vectors for Highly Efficient Transgene Expression in Resting Immune Cells.

Gene/cell therapies are promising strategies for the many presently incurable diseases. A key step in this process is the efficient delivery of genes and gene-editing enzymes to many cell types that may be resistant to lentiviral vector transduction. Herein we describe tuning of a lentiviral gene therapy platform to focus on genetic modifications of resting CD4 T cells.

Coaching in Surgical Education: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to review the coaching literature to (1) characterize the criteria integral to the coaching process, specifically in surgery, and (2) describe how these criteria have been variably implemented in published studies.

Background: Coaching is a distinct educational intervention, but within surgery the term is frequently used interchangeably with other more established terms such as teaching and mentoring.

Methods: A systematic search was performed of the MEDLINE and Cochrane databases to identify studies that used coach/coaching as an intervention for surgeons for either technical or nontechnical skills.

Effects of post-exercise sodium bicarbonate ingestion on acid-base balance recovery and time-to-exhaustion running performance: a randomised crossover trial in recreational athletes.

This study investigated the effect of post-exercise sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) ingestion on acid-base balance recovery and time-to-exhaustion (TTE) running performance. Eleven male runners (stature, 1.80 ± 0.

Short-term and Long-term Outcomes Following Pelvic Pouch Excision: The Mount Sinai Hospital Experience.

Background: Few studies have reported surgical outcomes following pouch excision and fewer have described the long-term sequelae. Given the debate regarding optimal surgical management following pouch failure, an accurate estimation of the morbidity associated with this procedure addresses a critical knowledge gap.

Objective: The objective of this study was to review our institutional experience with pouch excision with a focus on indications, short-term outcomes, and long-term reintervention rates.

Preliminary Outcomes of a Digital Therapeutic Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Tobacco smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death and disease worldwide. Digital interventions delivered through smartphones offer a promising alternative to traditional methods, but little is known about their effectiveness.

Objective: Our objective was to test the preliminary effectiveness of Quit Genius, a novel digital therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation.

tagPAINT: covalent labelling of genetically encoded protein tags for DNA-PAINT imaging.

Recently, DNA-PAINT single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has shown great promise for quantitative imaging; however, labelling strategies thus far have relied on multivalent and affinity-based approaches. Here, the covalent labelling of expressed protein tags (SNAP tag and Halo tag) with single DNA-docking strands and application of SMLM via DNA-PAINT is demonstrated. tagPAINT is then used for T-cell receptor signalling proteins at the immune synapse as a proof of principle.

A new ELISA for autoantibodies to steroid 21-hydroxylase.

Background: A new ELISA for autoantibodies to steroid 21-hydroxylase (21-OH Ab) is described.

Methods: In the assay test sample autoantibodies form a bridge between 21-OH coated onto the plate well and liquid phase 21-OH-biotin. Bound 21-OH-biotin is detected by the addition of streptavidin peroxidase and colorogenic peroxidase substrate.

The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Assessment Tool for Performance of Laparoscopic Colectomy.

Background: The lack of consensus for performance assessment of laparoscopic colorectal resection is a major impediment to quality improvement.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and assess the validity of an evaluation tool for laparoscopic colectomy that is feasible for wide implementation.

Design: During the pilot phase, a small group of experts modified previous assessment tools by watching videos for laparoscopic right colectomy with the following categories of experience: novice (less than 20 cases), intermediate (50-100 cases), and expert (more than 500 cases).

Preoperative Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Is Not Associated with an Increased Risk of Infectious and Noninfectious Complications After Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis.

Background: There are conflicting data regarding the effect of previous exposure to anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy on complication rates after pelvic pouch surgery for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In particular, there is concern surrounding the rates of pouch leaks and infectious complications, including pelvic abscesses, in anti-TNF-treated subjects who require ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in UC subjects who underwent IPAA between 2002 and 2013.

"It's my body, my future": Older women's views of their interactions with physicians.

Based on data obtained from in-depth, qualitative interviews conducted with 30 older Canadian women, this article examines older women's experiences with, and views of, physicians. The research participants report a very high level of satisfaction with the patient-physician relationship; however, they also report physician shortcomings. Findings indicate that participants' satisfaction with the patient-physician relationship was influenced by "stories about other doctors," rationalizations and justifications, and a high level of patient assertiveness.