Tumor Grade and Mitotic Count Are Prognostic for Dogs with Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors Treated with Surgery and Adjuvant or Neoadjuvant Vinblastine Chemotherapy.

Objective: Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (cMCTs) have variable rates of recurrence and metastasis. We evaluated how various prognostic factors affect survival, recurrence, and metastasis in dogs with cMCT who underwent surgery and vinblastine chemotherapy.

Animals: 90 dogs with cMCT treated with surgery and vinblastine at a veterinary referral institution were included.

A One Health perspective: COVID-sniffing dogs can be effective and efficient as public health guardians.

Scent-detection dogs have been used for decades to locate drugs, explosives, toxic waste, and more. Scent dogs have been trained to alert for seizures and hypoglycemia, locate cadavers, and screen for viruses, bacterial infections, and numerous cancers. These capable dogs warrant a more significant role in public health protection.

The use of sniffer dogs for early detection of cancer: a One Health approach.

This review, which is part of the "Currents in One Health" series, describes and evaluates the current research on the utilization of trained medical scent detection, aka "sniffer" dogs for the detection of diseases, with particular emphasis on neoplasia, both within human and veterinary patients. A recent study by the authors that used sniffer dogs to detect differences in saliva from dogs diagnosed with various neoplastic processes compared with healthy control dogs is described. The concept of One Health is explored by the description of previous studies that have utilized sniffer dogs in the detection of human neoplasia (focusing on lung, prostate, and breast cancer) and veterinary neoplasia and demonstrating that further research in this arena can benefit multiple species.

Clinical outcomes in cats with renal carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy: A retrospective study.

Renal carcinomas (RC) are uncommonly encountered in feline medicine. Limited information regarding clinical presentation and postoperative outcomes is available. The purpose of this multi-institutional, retrospective study was to describe the presenting features and clinical outcomes of cats with RC undergoing nephrectomy.

Trained dogs can accurately discriminate between scents of saliva samples from dogs with cancer versus healthy controls.

Objective: To determine whether dogs can be trained to utilize olfaction to differentiate between saliva samples from dogs with cancer and those from healthy control dogs.

Sample: Canine patient saliva samples were collected (October 2020 to July 2022) from 139 dogs diagnosed with malignant tumors and from 161 healthy dogs (control samples) for use during training and testing of the dog detection team. Samples from canine patients were collected prior to treatment with radiation therapy or chemotherapy.

Tonsillar carcinoma in dogs: Treatment outcome and potential prognostic factors in 123 cases.

Background: Tonsillar carcinomas are rarely reported in dogs. Information on outcome after treatment is sparse and prognosis is guarded to poor.

Hypothesis/objectives: Assess treatment outcome and potential prognostic factors in a population of dogs with cytological or histopathological diagnosis of tonsillar carcinoma.

The Use of Oncept Melanoma Vaccine in Veterinary Patients: A Review of the Literature.

The Oncept melanoma vaccine is xenogeneic DNA vaccine targeting tyrosinase. It is USDA approved for treatment of stage II to III canine oral melanoma and is also used off-label for melanomas arising in other locations and in other species. While the vaccine appears safe, the published data is mixed as to whether it provides a survival benefit, and the use of the vaccine is somewhat controversial in the veterinary oncology community.

Low dose meloxicam is safe and tolerable when combined with toceranib phosphate in cancer-bearing cats.

Objectives: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are infrequently utilized in cats due to concern for renal compromise; however, recent studies demonstrate tolerability of low dose meloxicam. Toceranib phosphate is used to treat several feline cancers and is well tolerated. This study aimed to determine the tolerability and adverse event profile of combined toceranib and low dose meloxicam in cancer-bearing cats.

Outcome in dogs with curative-intent treatment of localized primary pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma.

Primary pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma (PHS) is a rare form of dendritic cell or macrophage neoplasia originating within the pulmonary parenchyma. There is limited literature describing prognosis in dogs with PHS receiving curative-intent treatment consisting of surgical excision and adjuvant chemotherapy. The primary objective of this study was to report outcomes in dogs with localized PHS treated with standardized local and systemic therapy.

Evaluation of neutrophilia as a prognostic factor in dogs with multicentric lymphoma treated with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone-based chemotherapy protocol.

Objective: To determine whether, in dogs with naïve multicentric lymphoma, neutrophilia at the time of initial diagnosis was associated with progression-free survival time (PFST) or overall response rate (ie, percentage of dogs with a complete or partial remission) and whether the initial neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with PFST.

Animals: 30 dogs with multicentric lymphoma and neutrophilia (including 16 treated with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone [CHOP]-based protocol) and 37 historical control dogs without neutrophilia treated with a CHOP-based protocol.

Procedures: Medical records were reviewed, and PFSTs and responses were documented.

Feline cutaneous lymphoma: an evaluation of disease presentation and factors affecting response to treatment.

Objectives: The primary goal of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation of feline cutaneous lymphoma. The secondary aims included determining if treatment or initial response to treatment affected the overall survival of patients, and understanding if disease characteristics such as immunophenotype, cell size or the presence of epitheliotropism influenced response to treatment.

Methods: Veterinary medical oncologists at four academic veterinary teaching hospitals submitted cases of feline patients with cutaneous lymphoma diagnosed by histopathology or cytology.

Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastasis of appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs: 20 cases.

Background: Metastasis of appendicular osteosarcoma is most common to the lungs and is generally considered a terminal event in dogs. Behavior and prognosis associated with cutaneous or subcutaneous metastases (CSM) is poorly defined.

Objective: Describe the population and gather prognostic information regarding appendicular osteosarcoma with CSM in dogs.

A comparison of 12- and 19-week CHOP protocols using non-randomized, contemporaneous controls.

This study is a concurrent comparison of two versions of CHOP protocols, a 19-week CHOP and a comparatively overall dose-intense 12-week CHOP. The 12-week protocol was designed to be 58% more dose intense than the 19-week protocol for both doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide; however, it was 21% less dose intense for vincristine (VCR). Forty-seven dogs were included for evaluation, and the characteristics of each population were similar.

Treatment of feline gastrointestinal small-cell lymphoma with chlorambucil and glucocorticoids.

Gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma is the most frequently diagnosed form of lymphoma in the cat and is categorized into two distinct forms based on the size of neoplastic lymphocytes. Treatments for both large- and small-cell GI lymphoma have been described previously; however, multiple chemotherapy protocols were used, a minimal amount of histopathological characterization was provided, and, in most studies, the majority of diagnoses were obtained via endoscopic pinch biopsies. Twenty-eight cats (24 with full-thickness intestinal biopsies) were diagnosed with small-cell GI lymphoma and treated with a combination of chlorambucil and glucocorticoids.