The silver king in the Magic City: Observation of Atlantic tarpon Megalops atlanticus aggregation off Miami, Florida.

Due to the logistical and financial challenges in studying migratory marine species, there is relatively limited knowledge of the reproductive biology, behavior, and habitat use of many ecologically important marine megafauna species, including the Atlantic tarpon Megalops atlanticus. Here, we present a novel observation using consumer-grade aerial drones to observe, quantify the scale of, and classify behaviors within a previously unreported tarpon aggregation (N = 182) over the course of a 2-day fish aggregation event. After the event, we analysed and compared observed behaviors (e.

A bespoke water T-maze apparatus and protocol: an optimized, reliable, and repeatable method for screening learning, memory, and executive functioning in laboratory mice.

The Morris Water Maze (MWM) is the most commonly used assay for evaluating learning and memory in laboratory mice. Despite its widespread use, contemporary reviews have highlighted substantial methodological variation in experimental protocols and that the associated testing procedures are acutely (each trial) and chronically (testing across days) stressful; stress impairs attention, memory consolidation and the retrieval of learned information. Moreover, the interpretation of behavior within the MWM is often difficult because of wall hugging, non-spatial swim strategies, floating, and jumping off the escape platform.

Evolutionary Mismatch and Lifestyle-Related Diseases: A Study of a 6-Month Intensive Lifestyle Intervention.

Chronic medical conditions caused by the inadequate adaptation of the body to modern lifestyles, such as physical inactivity and unhealthy diets, are on the rise. This study assessed whether a comprehensive lifestyle intervention, including high volumes of supervised exercise, could improve health outcomes. Eight volunteers with lifestyle-related diseases received a 6-month lifestyle intervention consisting of 8000-10 000 steps/day, 6 moderate-intensity endurance and 3 resistance training sessions per week, a 5-week long hike, and dietary advice.

Fast and customizable image formation model for optical coherence tomography.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a technique that performs high-resolution, three-dimensional, imaging of semi-transparent scattering biological tissues. Models of OCT image formation are needed for applications such as aiding image interpretation and validating OCT signal processing techniques. Existing image formation models generally trade off between model realism and computation time.

Why exercise may never be effective medicine: an evolutionary perspective on the efficacy versus effectiveness of exercise in treating type 2 diabetes.

Most cases of type 2 diabetes (T2D) can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, highlighting that lifestyle modifications should be the primary defence against developing T2D. Although accumulating evidence suggests that exercise can be an efficacious therapy for T2D, especially in conjunction with pharmacological interventions, its long-term effectiveness remains controversial owing to significant adherence challenges. In this narrative review, we combine an evolutionary perspective with epidemiological and prospective interventional studies to examine the efficacy versus effectiveness of varying volumes of exercise prescriptions for treating T2D.

Deriving and validating a risk prediction model for long COVID: a population-based, retrospective cohort study in Scotland.

Objectives: Using electronic health records, we derived and internally validated a prediction model to estimate risk factors for long COVID and predict individual risk of developing long COVID.

Design: Population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Scotland.

Surgery Day.

Description I have been drawing since I was old enough to hold a crayon. I love creating medical art and frequently make cartoons or illustrations of procedures, but I also use art as a way to show appreciation for fellow colleagues, surgeons, and other health care professionals by creating their likenesses on the cards from surgical gowns. My goal is to draw all of my colleagues at the 3 HCA Healthcare hospitals in western North Carolina where I work.

Part I: examining the broken history of manual therapy across professions. A survey-based analysis.

The historical development of manual therapy is an area of ongoing debate impacting clinical practice, education, and practice regulations. Primary professions utilizing manual therapy include chiropractic, manual medicine, osteopathy, and physiotherapy. A survey was developed to explore perceptions, experiences, and opinions across professions, and was disseminated globally.

Part II: Beyond Broken Histories: Reframing Professional Identity and the Historical Genesis of Manual Therapy. Interviews across professions.

Background: Perspectives on the historical genesis of manual therapy for chiropractic, manual medicine, osteopathy, and physiotherapy are limited.

Objective: This study sought to identify themes and narratives related to the genesis of manual therapy; the potential of a common root for manual therapy in 19 century Northern Europe; and the potential impact of a current 'broken history' for manual therapy.

Methods: An exploratory phenomenological approach was utilized, based upon structured one-hour interviews of 21 professionals across four professions who had previously completed a survey on the historical genesis of manual therapy.

Assessing the Impact of the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) on Relationship Satisfaction, Quality of Life, and Support Group Participation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

The Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) is a 6-month, home-based intervention aimed at enhancing mental health in men undergoing curative prostate cancer treatment. This exploratory secondary analysis evaluates PC-PEP's impact on relationship satisfaction, quality of life, and support group attendance among partnered participants. In a crossover randomized clinical trial ClinicalTrials.

Applications of microscopy and small angle scattering techniques for the characterisation of supramolecular gels.

When evaluating soft self-assembling materials for use in any application, the structural or morphological characterisation is highly important. We know that the hierarchal molecular self-assembly of these materials into larger structures directly influences behaviours such as performance and stability. It is therefore imperative that these materials are characterised effectively over multiple length scales.

Pnictogen Dications Supported by BZIMPY Ligands.

Two homologous series of pnictogen(III) dications, stabilized by 2,6-bis(benzimidazole-2-yl)pyridine ligands have been prepared. Both series contain Pn-X moieties (Pn = P, As, Sb, Bi; X = Cl or Ph) and have been fully characterized using spectroscopic methods including X-ray crystallography. The Lewis acidity of these compounds has also been probed by computational methods; the results suggest that the dictations are strong Lewis acids, with the PnCl compounds being more acidic than the PnPh compounds, and with Lewis acidity increasing from P to Bi, in both series.

An Exploration of the Knowledge and Current Practices of Frontline Workers Regarding Elder Abuse.

Annually, approximately 16% of adults aged 60 and older are victims of abuse in community settings. A critical first step toward effectively intervening and reducing the prevalence of elder abuse is to better understand the current state of knowledge, beliefs, and practices. This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of US frontline community workers regarding elder abuse through focus groups and interviews conducted in the spring and summer of 2021.

A Suite of Foundation Models Captures the Contextual Interplay Between Codons.

In the canonical genetic code, many amino acids are assigned more than one codon. Work by us and others has shown that the choice of these synonymous codon is not random, and carries regulatory and functional consequences. Existing protein foundation models ignore this context-dependent role of coding sequence in shaping the protein landscape of the cell.

Inclusive Soundscapes: How Race, Socioeconomic Status and Maternal Age Influence the Pediatric Cochlear Implant Journey.

Objective: This study aimed to assess how race, social vulnerability, and maternal age influence pediatric cochlear implant access and usage.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Tertiary Pediatric University Hospital.

The Cancer Patient Empowerment Program: A Comprehensive Approach to Reducing Psychological Distress in Cancer Survivors, with Insights from a Mixed-Model Analysis, Including Implications for Breast Cancer Patients.

Background/objectives: Psychological distress is a significant concern among cancer patients, negatively affecting their quality of life and adherence to treatment. The Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (CancerPEP) was developed as a comprehensive, home-based intervention aimed at reducing psychological distress by incorporating physical activity, dietary guidance, and social support. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, accrual and attrition rates, safety, and effectiveness of the CancerPEP intervention, with and without the biofeedback device, on psychological distress from baseline to 6 months, specifically focusing on the effects of group randomization and the difference between pre- and post-intervention results.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia with thin corpus callosum and SPG11 mutation: A neuropathological evaluation.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) with thin corpus callosum can be due to a variety of genetic causes, the most common of which are biallelic variants in SPG11 (HSP11). Only six cases of neuropathologic examination of HSP11 have been reported. Here we present neuropathological findings in another case of HSP11 with novel mutation (homozygous c.

Content and timing of the 6-8 week maternal postnatal check: a mixed methods study.

Background: Since 2020, the General Medical Services contract requires GP practices in England to offer women a GP appointment 6-8 weeks after birth: the '6-8 week postnatal check' or 'consultation'. Historically, provision of checks was variable, and women still frequently report poor experiences.

Aim: To explore GPs' and women's perspectives of the 6-8 week postnatal check, including key components and timing.

Evidence for gene flow from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean in bonnethead sharks ().

Gene flow is important for maintaining the genetic diversity required for adaptation to environmental disturbances, though gene flow may be limited by site fidelity in small coastal sharks. Bonnethead sharks ()-a small coastal hammerhead species-demonstrate site fidelity, as females are philopatric while males migrate to mediate gene flow. Consequently, bonnetheads demonstrate population divergence with distance, and Atlantic populations are genetically distinct from those of the Gulf of Mexico.

Conserved regulatory motifs in the juxtamembrane domain and kinase N-lobe revealed through deep mutational scanning of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase domain.

MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) responsible for initiating signaling pathways involved in development and wound repair. MET activation relies on ligand binding to the extracellular receptor, which prompts dimerization, intracellular phosphorylation, and recruitment of associated signaling proteins. Mutations, which are predominantly observed clinically in the intracellular juxtamembrane and kinase domains, can disrupt typical MET regulatory mechanisms.

A protocol for stakeholder engagement in head and neck cancer pragmatic trials.

Meaningful engagement with stakeholders in research demands intentional approaches. This paper describes the development of a framework to guide stakeholder engagement as research partners in a pragmatic trial proposed to evaluate behavioral interventions for dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients. We highlight the core principles of stakeholder engagement including representation of all perspectives, meaningful participation, respectful partnership with stakeholders, and accountability to stakeholders; and describe how these principles were operationalized to engage relevant stakeholders throughout the course of a large clinical trial.