Finding a balance: Using a pre-post test to evaluate the effectiveness of scenario based learning using a blended approach among undergraduate nursing students.

Background: While undergraduate education aims to provide student nurses with a level of competence for independent practice, criticisms exist surrounding the ability of these programmes to adequately prepare graduates for the clinical skills required to optimise care. Adopting virtual simulations into nursing curricula may support greater clinical preparedness due to the student-driven nature of this approach. However, learning is also cited as a social experience requiring teacher-student interaction.

Alcohol Dependence in Palliative Care: A Review of the Current Literature.

Purpose: Alcohol misuse affects up to 28% of palliative care inpatients. This article aims to summarize the existing literature on the care of palliative patients with alcohol dependence.

Methods: The author searched CINAHL, Scopus, MEDLINE, and PubMed from inception until July 2017 using search terms including "alcohol*," "dependence," and "palliative.

Inappropriateness of fresh frozen plasma for abnormal coagulation tests.

Background: There is increasing evidence to suggest that the use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) as a prophylaxis to bleeding is ineffective. However, a high proportion of FFP transfusions still occur in non-bleeding patients despite the high risk of adverse events. The aim of the study was to assess compliance with current prophylactic FFP guidelines at a large tertiary centre.

Hyperaromatic stabilization of arenium ions: a remarkable cis stereoselectivity of nucleophilic trapping of β-hydroxyarenium ions by water.

Cis- and trans-1,2-dihydrodiol isomers of benzene undergo acid-catalyzed dehydration to form phenol. In principle the isomeric substrates react through a common β-hydroxybenzenium (cyclohexadienyl) carbocation. Notwithstanding, the isomers show a large difference in reactivity, k(cis)/k(trans) = 4500.

Hyperaromatic stabilization of arenium ions.

Benzene-cis- and trans-1,2-dihydrodiols undergo acid-catalyzed dehydration at remarkably different rates: k(cis)/k(trans) = 4500. This is explained by formation of a β-hydroxycarbocation intermediate in different initial conformations, one of which is stabilized by hyperconjugation amplified by an aromatic no-bond resonance structure (HOC(6)H(6)(+) ↔ HOC(6)H(5) H(+)). MP2 calculations and an unfavorable effect of benzoannelation on benzenium ion stability, implied by pK(R) measurements of -2.