Inflammatory mediation of the relationship between early adversity and major depressive disorder: A systematic review.

Unlabelled: Early adverse experience is related to psychiatric illness that occurs decades later. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been fully identified. There is a translational and clinical literature linking early adversity with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and inflammation.

Fluorine-Free Superhydrophobic Coating with Antibiofilm Properties Based on Pickering Emulsion Templating.

This study presents antibiofilm coating formulations based on Pickering emulsion templating. The coating contains no bioactive material because its antibiofilm properties stem from passive mechanisms that derive solely from the superhydrophobic nature of the coating. Moreover, unlike most of the superhydrophobic formulations, our system is fluorine-free, thus making the method eminently suitable for food and medical applications.

Decreasing the use of anaerobic culture bottles in selected febrile patients--is it reasonable?

Background: Two sets of blood cultures are routinely obtained from febrile patients in the medical wards. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of the aerobic versus anaerobic isolates in such patients and to examine the rationale of reducing the number of anaerobic culture bottles in selected patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of all febrile patients admitted to medical wards during 1998.

Childhood brucellosis in Israel.

Background: Brucellosis has become a major medical problem in Israel particularly in the Muslim Arab population.

Methods: Eighty-eight children with acute brucellosis are described. Sixty-seven were studied retrospectively during 1987 through 1988, and 21 children were studied prospectively during 1989 through 1992.

Cerebral perfusion in early and late opiate withdrawal: a technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT study.

The purpose of this study was to determine if cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations are associated with discontinuation of heroin in chronic heroin users, and whether these alterations are reversible during abstinence. Ten physically healthy opioid-dependent males, hospitalized on an inpatient drug rehabilitation unit, were studied. Each patient had an initial single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) scan with the radiotracer technetium-99m-d,l-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) 1 week after opiate discontinuation and a repeat scan 2 weeks later.

Gram negative bacteria isolated from blood cultures in a general hospital.

This study reviews 2205 significant positive blood cultures from 534 patients treated at the Meir General Hospital during the period 1988-1990. In addition, a comparison was made with a previous survey performed twelve years ago (1976-1978). Gram negative rods accounted for 68% of the septicemia cases indicating a small increase since the former survey (61.

Safety of transrectal prostatic biopsy through double-glove technique without antibiotic prophylaxis.

We studied 143 men who underwent transrectal prostatic biopsies using the double-glove technique. No patient received any antimicrobial therapy before the procedure. Clean catch urine cultures were obtained at admission and two, four, and twenty-four hours, and two weeks after biopsy.

Salmonella paratyphi C osteomyelitis: report of two separate episodes 17 years apart.

Osteomyelitis secondary to salmonella infection is well documented in the literature. Infection in more than one focus has also been described. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of recurrent osteomyelitis in a normal host (a 35-year-old man) with the same organism (S.

Virulence characteristics of male genital tract Escherichia coli isolated from semen of suspected infertile men.

The role of Escherichia coli isolates from the semen in the etiology of male infertility, was investigated in this study. Several possible virulence factors of E. coli, such as possession of O antigens or certain K antigens (K1, K5), the type of fimbriae, resistance to antimicrobial drugs and adherence studies to various mammalian sperm cells were examined.

Comparison of the Bactec and lysis concentration methods for recovery of Brucella species from clinical specimens.

In a comparison of the Bactec system and the lysis concentration procedure in the isolation of Brucella species in 54 patients the recovery rate was similar (60% and 55%, respectively). However, the recovery time was significantly shorter with the lysis concentration method than with the Bactec system (3.5 days versus 14 days).

Norepinephrine and TSH: effects on thyroidal radioiodine and thyroxine release.

Norepinephrine (NE) failed to increase thyroid hormone release in mice when endogenous TSH secretion had been greatly reduced by a variety of means. This was demonstrated by radioiodine release in mice pretreated with 131I and with thyroxine (T4) or 3,5,3' triiodothyronine (T3). by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in mice pretreated with 131I and T3, and in mice which had been hypophysectomized, or where TSH secretion had been decreased by prolonged administration of exogenous TSH.

Incidental detection of adult polycystic kidney disease on routine bone scan.

A routine bone scan performed on a 36-y old male incidentally demonstrated enlarged kidneys with multifocal areas of radionuclide concentration suggestive of polycystic kidneys. Further evaluation using ultrasonography, CT scan, and a 99mTc-GHA renal scan confirmed the initial impression. The routine evaluation of the kidneys on a bone scan is emphasized as a simple method of identifying previously unsuspected renal structural abnormalities.

Inhibition of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits by dimethyl sulfoxide.

The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit was investigated. Two groups of rabbits were studied: a Control group which received regular chow and an Experimental group which received an atherogenic diet containing 1% cholesterol. DMSO was either omitted or added to the drinking water of both groups in amounts of 2, 4, 5 and 6%.

Dopamine and L-dopa: inhibition of thyrotropin-stimulated thyroidal thyroxine release.

Previous studies had suggested that norepinephrine (NE) and its precursors dopamine (DA) and L-DOPA acted similarly on iodine metabolism of isolated thyroid cells. Present studies indicate that this similarity extends to the inhibition by catecholamines of TSH-stimulated T4 release by mouse thyroids incubated in vitro. DA (5 X 10(-4) M), like NE, shown previously, inhibits TSH-stimulated T4 release.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from different medical institutions.

Patients screened for antibiotic resistance at three different medical institutions yielded 1,597 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the isolates were sensitive to amikacin (92.8%), tobramycin (70.

Population shift in mannose-specific fimbriated phase of Klebsiella pneumoniae during experimental urinary tract infection in mice.

The infection rate (percentage of mice shedding 10(5) organisms per ml of urine) in 27 mice infected intravesicularly with a mannose-specific (MS+) phenotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae was 85% at day 7, and all the bacteria shed during the 7 days exhibited strong MS activity as estimated by a yeast aggregation assay. In contrast, the outcome of infection with an MS- phenotype of the same strain in 47 mice was heterogeneous: one group of 25 mice continued to shed the originally injected phenotype (MS-) throughout the investigation period, whereas the second group (22 mice) shed bacteria with various degrees of phenotypic conversion to MS+. In the first group, the rate of infection at day 7 was significantly reduced (28%) compared with that of the second group (68%).

Urinary tract infection and drug-resistant bacteria in different patient populations.

A 1-year survey of the pathogens causing urinary tract infections was conducted in three institutions: a rehabilitation hospital, a general hospital and outpatient clinics. Gram-negative rods accounted for 96% of the infections. In the general hospital and the outpatient clinics, Escherichia coli was the most prevalent pathogen, while Proteus sp.

Acetylcholine and norepinephrine: compared actions thyroid metabolism.

Acetylcholine (ACh; 5 X 10(-4) M), like norepinephrine (NE; 6 X 10(-6) M), as shown previously, stimulated iodide organification by mouse thyroids in vitro, while at the same time it inhibited TSH- or (Bu)2cAMP-induced T4 release. However, thyroid cAMP was not changed by ACh, suggesting that ACh, like NE, exerted its effects at a step beyond cAMP production. Also, while ACh increased cGMP concentrations, (Bu)2cGMP and 8-bromo-cGMP were not effective on thyroid function in this system.

Low serum 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and raised 3, 3', 5'-triidothyronine (reverse T3 or RT3) in diabetes mellitus: normalization on improvement in hyperglycemia.

In several pathophysiologic states, i.e., cirrhosis of liver, protein calorie malnutrition, starvation, carbohydrate deprivation, etc.