Green analyzer for the measurement of total arsenic in drinking water: electrochemical reduction of arsenate to arsine and gas phase chemiluminescence with ozone.

We describe matrix-isolated, reaction chemistry based measurement of arsenic in water down to submicrograms per liter levels in a system that requires only air, water, electricity, and dilute sulfuric acid, the bulk of the latter being recycled. Gas phase chemiluminescence (GPCL) measurement of arsenic is made in an automated batch system with arsenic in situ electroreduced to arsine that is reacted with ozone to emit light. The ozone is generated from oxygen that is simultaneously anodically produced.

Measurement of soil/dust arsenic by gas phase chemiluminescence.

A gas phase chemiluminescence (GPCL)-based method for trace measurement of arsenic has been recently described for the measurement of arsenic in water. The principle is based on the reduction of inorganic As to AsH(3) at a controlled pH (the choice of pH governs whether only As(III) or all inorganic As is converted) and the reaction of AsH(3) with O(3) to produce chemiluminescence (Idowu et al., Anal.

Sorption of hazardous metals from single and multi-element solutions by saltbush biomass in batch and continuous mode: interference of calcium and magnesium in batch mode.

Batch studies were performed to determine the interference of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) on the sorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), Cr(III), Cr(VI), Pb(II), and Zn(II) [from CuSO(4), K(2)Cr(2)O(7), Pb(NO(3))(2), Cr(NO(3))(3), ZnCl(2), and Cd(NO(3))(2)] by saltbush (Atriplex canescens) biomass. The results demonstrated that Ca and Mg at concentrations of at least 20 times higher than the concentration of most of the target metals did not interfere with the metal binding. The data show that the batch binding capacity from a multimetal solution at pH 5.

Removal of copper, lead, and zinc from contaminated water by saltbush biomass: analysis of the optimum binding, stripping, and binding mechanism.

Experiments performed on the Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) binding by saltbush biomass (Atriplex canescens) showed that the metal binding increased as pH increased from 2.0 to 5.0.

Using FTIR to corroborate the identity of functional groups involved in the binding of Cd and Cr to saltbush (Atriplex canescens) biomass.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies were performed to confirm the chemical modification of saltbush (Atriplex canescens) biomass and to provide information about the identity and binding characteristics of the chemical groups responsible for the binding of Cd(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI). In addition, studies were performed to determine the optimum time for the binding of the three ions by saltbush biomass, and to study the efficiency of HCl and sodium citrate as stripping agents. The metal quantification was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).

Biosorption of Cd(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) by saltbush (Atriplex canescens) biomass: thermodynamic and isotherm studies.

The biosorption data of Cd(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) by saltbush leaves biomass were fit on the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms at 297 K. The Cd(II) and Cr(III) solutions were adjusted to pH 5.0 and the Cr(VI) solution was adjusted to pH 2.