Antenatal ultrasound and postnatal autopsy findings in terminations after 12 weeks' gestation due to fetal abnormality: population-based study in Western Norway, 1988-2002.

Background: Ultrasound screening has been part of antenatal care for several decades, and warrants high expertise to meet the criteria for a worthwhile screening program. In particular, the rate of false positives should be low.

Purpose: To examine time trends of pregnancy terminations for fetal abnormality after 12 weeks' gestation, and to assess the agreement between antenatal ultrasound and post-termination autopsy findings for the main pathologies leading to termination.

Local resection of rectal tumors by transanal endoscopic microsurgery: experience with the first 70 cases.

Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) can access the whole rectum up to 20 cm from the anal verge. Due to its excellent view and accurate dissection, TEM is useful for the removal of adenoma and selected low risk cancers of the rectum. We report our experience with the first 70 patients presenting.

Lanzoprazole promotes gastric carcinogenesis in rats with duodenogastric reflux.

Background: Duodenogastric reflux is known to cause an increased frequency of cancer in the glandular portion of the stomach in rats. Furthermore, it is debated whether inhibition of gastric acid secretion may promote gastric carcinogenesis. In the present study we examined the combined effect of gastroduodenal reflux and acid inhibition with respect to the development of gastric carcinoma in the rat.

Diagnostic value of radiography in cases of perinatal death: a population based study.

Objective: To examine the yield of radiographic abnormalities in a population based set of perinatal deaths, the diagnostic value of whole body postmortem radiographs in the same set, and previous factors that may increase the proportion of useful examinations.

Design: Retrospective population based study.

Setting: A region of Norway.

Unexplained antepartum fetal death in Norway, 1985-97: diagnostic validation and some epidemiologic aspects.

Objective: To validate the diagnosis of an unexplained antepartum fetal death in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway against data obtained from hospital records, alone and combined with autopsy data. To compare epidemiologic characteristics of an unexplained fetal death based on cases recorded by the three data sources.

Methods: Data on unexplained fetal deaths in the Registry were compared with clinical and autopsy data from 108 457 singletons with a gestational age >or= 28 weeks or a birthweight >or= 1000 g delivered in 1985-97 at Haukeland Hospital in Bergen and Aker Hospital in Oslo.

Risk factors for unexplained antepartum fetal death in Norway 1967-1998.

Objective: To relate unexplained antepartum fetal death with maternal and fetal characteristics in order to identify risk factors.

Design: Population-based study based on records of 1,676,160 singleton births with gestational age > or =28 weeks. Unexplained antepartum fetal death was defined as fetal death before labour without known fetal, placental, or maternal pathology.

Ossification sequence in infants who die during the perinatal period: population-based references.

Purpose: To determine population-based references for the relationships between the presence of ossification centers and gestational age and skeletal length measurements among infants who die during the perinatal period, as well as to evaluate the possible influence of intrauterine growth restriction on ossification stage.

Materials And Methods: During an 11-year period, nearly all infants who died perinatally in a well-defined geographic area routinely underwent radiography with a standardized technique. The presence of visible secondary ossification centers in the singletons (n = 495) was evaluated.

Skeletal measurements among infants who die during the perinatal period: new population-based reference.

Background: Reference data for roentgen skeletal measurements among infants who die during the perinatal period is not available, although it might prove helpful in the study of pre-autopsy radiographs.

Objective: Our aim was to define new population-based reference data for skeletal measurements among infants who die during the perinatal period.

Materials And Methods: We routinely took standardised pre-autopsy radiographs of aborted and stillborn fetuses from 16 weeks gestational age to 7 days after delivery during a period of 11 years in our hospital.

The long-term outcome in patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a single-institutional experience.

Objective: To determine the natural history of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, and to identify factors which place patients at lifelong risk of developing progression and dying from bladder carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: The long-term outcome was evaluated retrospectively in 231 patients with superficial bladder TCC, assessed for the first time within a 6-year period from 1981 to 1986, with a median follow-up of 108 months. Of 231 patients, 217 (94%) were initially treated by transurethral or segmental resection.

Effect of cimetidine on development of gastric cancer in rats after gastrojejunostomy.

Objective: To find out if cimetidine has an immunomodulating effect on gastric carcinogenesis in rats.

Design: Experimental prospective study.

Setting: Teaching hospital, Norway.

Survival after radical treatment for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Aims: To investigate survival after radical treatment for transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder.

Methods: This retrospective study included 135 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder undergoing radical cystectomy or radiotherapy at Haukeland Hospital, Bergen, Norway, during the period 1981-1986. Forty-five patients had cystectomy and 90 underwent external high-dose radiotherapy.

Helicobacter pylori gastritis and epithelial cell proliferation in patients with reflux oesophagitis after treatment with lansoprazole.

Background: Helicobacter pylori gastritis may spread proximally in the stomach during profound acid inhibition.

Aims: To examine histological gastric body changes and epithelial cell proliferation before and after treatment with lansoprazole.

Patients And Methods: Patients diagnosed as having reflux oesophagitis grade 1 or 2 were enrolled and treated for 12 weeks with lansoprazole (30 mg every morning).

Cell division in placentas of appropriate and small-for-gestational-age infants. A flow cytometry study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine if placentas of small- for-gestational-age (SGA) and non-SGA infants differ with respect to proliferative cell activity.

Method: Cell cycle distribution was studied in placentas from 181 SGA (birthweight < 10th percentile) and 528 non-SGA births by flow cytometry measurements of relative DNA content.

Results: The fraction of cells in various cell cycle phases (G1-, S- and G2-phases) did not differ with gestational age from 30 to 43 weeks in either of the groups.

The prognostic value of p53 in superficially infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma.

Approximately 1/3 of T1 bladder cancers treated by endoscopic resection alone will progress. Prognostic factors are needed to help selecting appropriate treatment for these tumors. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the relation between p53 nuclear overexpression and disease progression.

Flow cytometric DNA and p53 analysis in superficially infiltrating bladder carcinoma.

Mutations in the p53 gene occur frequently in bladder cancers. Better prognostic factors are needed to help select appropriate treatment for patients with TCC stage T1. Paraffin-embedded tumors from 73 patients with TCC stage T1 were processed for two-parameter flow cytometry, measuring both p53 protein and DNA.

Prognostic importance of radical lymphadenectomy in curative resections for gastric cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of extensive lymphadenectomy on survival in patients with gastric cancer.

Design: Retrospective analysis

Setting: University Hospital, Norway.

Subjects: 183 patients with stomach cancer resected for cure during the time period 1980-90.

The influence of the host on the course of gastric carcinoma.

Immunoglobulins (Ig) and some complement components (C) were quantified in sera from patients with gastric carcinoma before surgery and at regular intervals during a 5-year follow-up. The preoperative concentrations of C1-INH and C4 were higher (P < 0.0005 and P < 0.

Is Lauren's histopathological classification of importance in patients with stomach cancer? A national experience. Norwegian Stomach Cancer Trial.

This study was performed to investigate the association between Lauren's histopathological classification system and different clinico-pathological characteristics in patients with gastric carcinoma. We revealed that the percentage of intestinal type tumour (ITT) increased with advancing age (52% in patients less than 60 years compared to 73% of octogenarians (P less than 0.001)).

The influence of age on the growth and spread of gastric carcinoma.

A twelve year series of 375 patients with gastric carcinoma has been studied. Patients were divided into TNM Groups. Tumours were classified as intestinal-type and diffuse.

Age and sex distribution of intestinal type and diffuse gastric carcinoma.

A twelve-year series of 375 patients with gastric carcinoma has been studied. Primary tumours were classified as intestinal type (58%) or diffuse (26%), whereas 16% were unclassifiable. The relative age and sex incidence rates of intestinal type and diffuse gastric carcinoma were estimated using the age and sex distribution of individuals in Norway as the basis for calculation.

Periodicity in metastatic tumour growth demonstrated in the human liver at autopsy. Preliminary report.

The present study is based on 1,069 autopsies made up of stomach, breast, renal and colonic cancer. Periodicity is described in the liver weight index (liver weight/body height) at death in patients with liver metastases. The seasonal variation tended to be more marked in females and among older patients, and it differed with tumour type.

Underdiagnosis of carcinoma of the stomach in the elderly: a 25-year autopsy study.

Gastric carcinoma may present atypically in the elderly. Between 1955 and 1979, 571 autopsies on gastric carcinoma cases were carried out at the Gade Institute, Bergen. In 165 of them the diagnosis had not been made clinically.

Who gets a second primary cancer after gastric cancer surgery?

Eleven patients presented with a second primary cancer during follow-up after surgery for gastric carcinoma. In these patients the serum concentrations of C1-INH and IgG prior to gastric cancer surgery were similar to those of 53 patients with recurrence of gastric cancer. In these two groups, the preoperative C1-INH concentrations were higher and IgG lower (P less than 0.

Serum C1-esterase inhibitor, an essential and independent prognosticator of gastric carcinoma.

The preoperative concentrations of IgG were lower (P less than 0.002) and the concentrations of C4 and C1-INH higher (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.

Preoperative prediction of extent and prognosis of gastric carcinoma by four serum proteins and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

In 195 patients with gastric carcinoma the preoperative ESR and serum concentrations of IgG, C4, C1-INH and CEA varied significantly with the extent of disease. Extent of disease and prognosis were predicted from these variables by discriminant analysis. The discriminant rules were tested on the same patients in an unbiased way.