Parallax-free exophthalmometry: a comprehensive review of the literature on clinical exophthalmometry and the introduction of the first parallax-free exophthalmometer.

Purpose: To present the first parallax-free exophthalmometer design.

Background: Exophthalmometry is an important clinical tool. We provide a historic overview of clinical exophthalmometer designs, and we review current problems encountered in exophthalmometry.

Anomalous relation between axial length and retinal thickness in amblyopic children.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between retinal thickness and axial length in amblyopic eyes compared to healthy eyes.

Methods: In this observational, transversal study, 36 amblyopic children and 30 healthy controls underwent full ophthalmological and orthoptic examinations, volume scanning of the macula with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (3D OCT-1000; Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), and measuring of axial length using the IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). The average pericentral retinal thickness was calculated.

Comparison of cyclodeviation and duction measurement in Graves' orbitopathy patients using different devices.

Purpose: To compare measurement outcomes of different devices measuring cyclodeviation and ductions in Graves' orbitopathy (GO) patients.

Methods And Materials: Cyclodeviation in GO patients was measured using the Harms tangent screen (HTS), the cycloforometer of Franceschetti, and the synoptometer. Ductions were measured using the modified perimeter, the Goldmann perimeter and the Maddox tangent scale (MTS).

Radiologic measurement of extraocular muscle volumes in patients with Graves' orbitopathy: a review and guideline.

Objective: To evaluate and compare techniques for extraocular muscle (EOM) volume measurement and to provide guidelines for future measurements.

Design: Systematic review.

Results: Existing techniques used to measure extraocular muscle volumes on radiologic scans can be divided into manual outlining, computer assisted and automated segmentation.

Orbital meningioma, the Utrecht experience.

AIMS. 1) To evaluate epidemiological data (age, gender, initial complaints, and ophthalmic findings) of a patient cohort with a primary or secondary orbital meningioma. 2) To evaluate the clinical course of these patients.

Methylprednisolone pulse therapy for patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy.

purpose 1) To test the short- and long-term efficacy of Methylprednisolone Pulse Therapy (MPT) for patients with Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy (DON). 2) To assess possible side-effects of MPT. 3) To assess whether a delay in decompressive surgery would influence the visual outcome.