Correction to: Cost-effectiveness of rule-based immunoprophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infections in preterm infants.

The name of the co-author Wendy J. Ungar was inadvertently omitted on the original published article. Her name and affiliation have now been added to the author list.

RSV hospitalization in infancy increases the risk of current wheeze at age 6 in late preterm born children without atopic predisposition.

Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection during infancy is associated with ongoing respiratory morbidity. In a large birth cohort of 2210 healthy preterm infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation, we aimed to determine the role of atopy in the link between RSV hospitalization and current wheeze at age 6. We defined current wheeze as parent-reported wheeze or the use of respiratory medication in the past 12 months.

Respiratory syncytial virus prevention and asthma in healthy preterm infants: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is associated with subsequent wheeze and asthma. We previously reported on the causal relationship between prevention of RSV infection during infancy and reduced frequency of subsequent wheeze using a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (MAKI). We continued follow-up and analysed the effect of RSV prevention during infancy on asthma and lung function at age 6 years.

Risk scoring tool to predict respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in premature infants.

Background: The objective was to develop a risk scoring tool which predicts respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation (RSVH) in moderate-late preterm infants (32-35 weeks' gestational age) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Methods: Risk factors for RSVH were pooled from six observational studies of infants born 32 weeks and 0 days to 35 weeks and 6 days without comorbidity from 2000 to 2014. Of 13 475 infants, 484 had RSVH in the first year of life.

Cost-effectiveness of rule-based immunoprophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infections in preterm infants.

Unlabelled: The objective of the paper is to assess the cost-effectiveness of targeted respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis based on a validated prediction rule with 1-year time horizon in moderately preterm infants compared to no prophylaxis. Data on health care consumption were derived from a randomised clinical trial on wheeze reduction following RSV prophylaxis and a large birth cohort study on risk prediction of RSV hospitalisation. We calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of targeted RSV prophylaxis vs.

Interference Between Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Rhinovirus Infection in Infancy.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV) are the most common viruses associated with acute respiratory tract infections in infancy. Viral interference is important in understanding respiratory viral circulation and the impact of vaccines.

Methods: To study viral interference, we evaluated cases of RSV and HRV codetection by polymerase chain reaction in 2 prospective birth cohort studies (the Infant Susceptibility to Pulmonary Infections and Asthma Following RSV Exposure [INSPIRE] study and the Tennessee Children's Respiratory Initiative [TCRI]) and a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial (MAKI), using adjusted multivariable regression analyses.

Burden of Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Among 33-35 Weeks' Gestational Age Infants Born During Multiple Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasons.

Background: Moderate-late preterm infants, 33-35 weeks' gestational age (wGA), are at increased risk for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (RSVH). The objective of this study is to quantify the burden of RSVH in moderate-late preterm infants.

Methods: A pooled analysis was conducted on RSVH from 7 prospective, observational studies in the Northern Hemisphere from 2000 to 2014.

Population-Attributable Risk of Risk Factors for Recurrent Wheezing in Moderate Preterm Infants During the First Year of Life.

Background: Recurrent wheezing in young infants has a high prevalence, influences quality of life, and generates substantial health care costs. We previously showed that respiratory syncytial virus infection is an important mechanism of recurrent wheezing in moderate preterm infants. We aimed to provide population-attributable risks (PAR) of risk factors for recurrent wheezing during the first year of life in otherwise healthy moderate preterm infants.

Prediction model of RSV-hospitalization in late preterm infants: An update and validation study.

Background: New vaccines and RSV therapeutics have been developed in the past decade. With approval of these new pharmaceuticals on the horizon, new challenges lie ahead in selecting the appropriate target population. We aimed to improve a previously published prediction model for prediction of RSV-hospitalization within the first year of life.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Preterm (32-36 Completed Weeks of Gestation) Risk Estimation Measure for RSV Hospitalization in Ireland: A Prospective Study.

Background: In several countries, respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis is offered to late preterm infants who are at escalated risk of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (RSVH). However, targeted prophylaxis should be informed by country-specific data. This study, which uniquely includes 36 weeks of gestational age (GA) infants, aims to establish the risk factors for RSVH in 32-36 weeks of GA infants in Ireland.

Viral respiratory burden in moderate-to-late preterm infants.

More than 1 in 10 babies are born prematurely and most of them are born after gestational age 32 weeks. Mortality and morbidity are more common in these moderate-to-late preterm infants than in full-term children. In this review, mechanisms and epidemiology of long-term airway morbidity in moderate-to-late preterm infants will be discussed.

Respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze in healthy preterm infants.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is associated with subsequent recurrent wheeze. Observational studies cannot determine whether RSV infection is the cause of recurrent wheeze or the first indication of preexistent pulmonary vulnerability in preterm infants. The monoclonal antibody palivizumab has shown efficacy in preventing severe RSV infection in high-risk infants.

Prospective validation of a prognostic model for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in late preterm infants: a multicenter birth cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to update and validate a prediction rule for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization in preterm infants 33-35 weeks gestational age (WGA).

Study Design: The RISK study consisted of 2 multicenter prospective birth cohorts in 41 hospitals. Risk factors were assessed at birth among healthy preterm infants 33-35 WGA.

Ethical considerations and rationale of the MAKI trial: a multicenter double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial into the preventive effect of palivizumab on recurrent wheezing associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with a gestational age of 33-35 weeks.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis during infancy. Long-term airway morbidity with recurrent post bronchiolitis wheezing (PBW) episodes, which are probably associated with respiratory infections, occurs in 30 to 70% of infants that were hospitalised with RSV LRTI.

Methods: We set up a multicenter, placebo-controlled double-blind randomized clinical trial in healthy preterm infants born between 33 and 35 weeks gestational age (WGA).