Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetes Among Patients Carrying the Protective HLA-DQB1*06:02 Allele.

We set out to examine in an observational study characteristics of type 1 diabetes at the time of diagnosis among paediatric patients carrying the protective HLA class II DQB1*06:02 allele. We compared characteristics of type 1 diabetes among 5530 Finnish children aged 0-14 years diagnosed between 2003 and 2018. Seventy-five children with type 1 diabetes carried the DQB1*06:02 allele.

SARS-CoV-2 and type 1 diabetes in children in Finland: an observational study.

Background: Some epidemiological studies have suggested an increase in incidence of type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic, however the mechanism(s) behind such an increase have yet to be identified. In this study we aimed to evaluate the possible role of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the reported increase in the rate of type 1 diabetes.

Methods: In this observational cohort study using data from the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register (FPDR), we assessed the incidence of type 1 diabetes (number of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes per 100 000 person-years during the pandemic and the reference period) during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in children in Finland younger than 15 years old compared with a reference period which included three corresponding pre-pandemic periods also obtained from the FPDR.

Increased HLA class II risk is associated with a more aggressive presentation of clinical type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To determine the association of HLA class II risk with the demographic and clinical characteristics of type 1 diabetes at diagnosis.

Methods: We conducted a register-based retrospective cohort study of 4993 Finnish children (2169 girls) - diagnosed with type 1 diabetes under the age of 15 years in 2003-2016. The participants were divided into six risk groups based on their HLA DR/DQ genotype.

Seasonality in the manifestation of type 1 diabetes varies according to age at diagnosis in Finnish children.

Aim: We tested the hypothesis of a more aggressive disease process at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes during fall and winter, the colder seasons with consistently observed higher incidence of type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Seasonality in the manifestation of type 1 diabetes was examined in 4993 Finnish children and adolescents. Metabolic characteristics, beta-cell autoantibodies and HLA class II genetics were analysed at clinical diagnosis.

Family history of type 2 diabetes and characteristics of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Shared aetiopathogenetic factors have been proposed in type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes and both diseases have been shown to cluster in families. Characteristics related to type 2 diabetes have been described in patients with type 1 diabetes with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes. We wanted to characterise the family history of type 2 diabetes and its possible effects on the phenotype and genotype of type 1 diabetes in affected children at diagnosis.

Characteristics of familial type 1 diabetes: effects of the relationship to the affected family member on phenotype and genotype at diagnosis.

Aims/hypothesis: In previous studies, the risk of developing familial type 1 diabetes has been reported to be more than two times higher in the offspring of affected fathers than in those of affected mothers. We tested the hypothesis that index children with an affected father may have a more aggressive disease process at diagnosis than those with other affected first-degree relatives.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was performed using the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register.

Sex as a determinant of type 1 diabetes at diagnosis.

Objective: The present study tested the hypothesis that girls have a more aggressive disease process than boys at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: Demographic and clinical characteristics, the humoral autoantibody profile, and the genetic risk assessed by the presence of human leukocyte antigen DR-DQ haplotypes were analyzed in terms of sex in 4993 children and adolescents diagnosed with T1D between January 2003 and December 2016.

Results: A clear male preponderance (56.